Black Adder: bambance-bambance, halaye da kuma mazauninsu

Black Adder ya dade da aka dauke da wani irin na kowa viper. Duk da haka, bisa kusa binciken shi ya macizai a raba form, kuma an mai suna bayan dabbobi Nikolsky (Vipera nikolskii).

Black Adder yana da wani siriri jiki fiye da talakawa. A jikin tsawon kai 765 mm, da wutsiya - 80 mm. Maza suna dan kadan karami fiye da mace. The shugaban ne m, manyan, a fili delimited ta cikin wuyansa, kuma dan kadan flattened. Iris baki ido launi. Adult macizai ne ko da yaushe baki, kamar yadda gani a hoto. Viper a kan supralabials garkuwoyi iya, wani lokacin suna da fari aibobi. A kasa karshen wutsiya Maciji yellow-orange ko rawaya. Juveniles da launin toka-kasa-kasa launi da wandar-wandar tafiyar maciji da juna a kan mayar da launin ruwan kasa. By shekara uku na rayuwa zane vuya, launi zama duhu.

Black Adder yi kawaici a cikin gandun daji-steppe da steppe yankuna na Turai na Rasha da kuma Ukraine (hagu banki). Maciji lura a Voronezh, Tambov, Penza, Saratov yankuna. An samu a kwarin Kogin Don da ta tasa. A arewa maso gabashin, da mazauninsu kara zuwa na Shefela na tsakiya da kuma Kudancin Urals.

Black Adder yawanci bãyukansu ga m-Leaved gandun daji da kuma itacen oak gandun daji. A lokacin rani, shi za a iya samu a cikin fadamun, glades da clearings. Crow fi son riparian shimfidar wurare na koguna, Bear, Hopper, Don, Seversky Donets da Samara. Summer da wintering habitats, a fili guda. A rigar yankunan kan 1 sq km akwai fiye da 500 jinsunan. Black Adder fara zama proactive zuwa ga tsakiyar bazara. Ma'abota auku a watan Mayu, kuma a watan Agusta akwai mace juveniles (8-24 live samfurori). Launi matasa Maciji fara duhu bayan da farko Molina.

Nikolsky ta viper ne mafi aiki a lokacin da rana. Babban abinci macizai ne kananan hakori, kuma (ga wani karami har) tsuntsaye, frogs, kuma kadangaru. A rare lokuta (m at matsananci karancin abinci) Black Adder iya ciyar a kan kifi, ko mũshe. Biology da wannan nau'in har yanzu ba kyau gane.

Black Adder, idan aka kwatanta da colubridae macizai matsawa a hankali amma yana da kyau wasan ninkaya. A hadarin gaske yanayi, yana daukan s-dimbin yawa tara, hisses da kuma sa lunges zuwa ga laifin. Nikolsky ta viper guba ne. Ga mutumin da shi ne cizon sosai m, amma wadanda warke cikin 'yan kwanaki. Dafin ne cakuda sunadarai, enzymes, da kuma inorganic aka gyara. Ya tareda žata ga nama paralyzes cikin juyayi tsarin da kuma inganta harkokin jini clotting. Kama samfurori gano daga cloaca ruwa m da wani m wari.

Na dogon lokaci da wannan aka dauke a duhu Maciji viper talakawa form, kahu a kan gaskiyar cewa duk da yawan jama'ar yana da wani yawan melanistic. Duk da haka, bayan wani bincike da lafiyar qasa da ilimin halittar jiki na Maciji ya ba ta matsayi na jinsi. Wannan ƙwarai karu da amfani da kwararru don nazarin ta. Amma, ra'ayin diverge ya zuwa yanzu. Wasu masana kimiyya har yanzu yi imani da wannan maciji ne kawai a subspecies na babban nau'i.