Bronze Age - a takaice game da al'adu da kuma art

Bronze karni yana da wani biyu daga baya lokacin na karfe lokaci. Yana maida hankali ne akan karni XI zuwa XXV BC kuma ya kasu cikin matakai uku:

• Farkon - XXV na XVII karni ..
• Middle - XVII na XV ƙarni.
• Late - XV na IX ƙarni.

A Bronze Age ne halin da wani ci gaba na kayan aiki da kuma farauta, amma har yanzu masana kimiyya ba zai iya fahimtar yadda zamanin d mutane suka zo da ra'ayin narkewa na jan karfe tama metallurgical Hanyar. Bronze ne na farko da karfe, samu da gami da kuza, da tagulla, sau da yawa tare da Bugu da kari na antimony ko arsenic, da dũkiyõyinsu, m laushi da jan: narkewa batu na jan karfe - 1000 ° C, da kuma tagulla - game da 900 ° C. Irin wannan yanayin zafi samu a kananan crucibles, Tanderu tare da m kasa da kuma m ganuwar. Kyawon tsayuwa ga zaben 'yan wasa da kayayyakin aiki da kuma farauta sanya daga taushi dutse, da kuma da narkakkar azurfa zuba lãka spoons.

A ci gaba da tagulla da simintin ya kai ga kyautata na m sojojin: wasu makiyaya kabilan switched zuwa nomadic pastoralism da masu zama a gida ya ci gaba da ci gaba da kuma ci gaba da noma da aikin noma, wanda shi ne farkon canji a cikin kabilu. Bugu da kari, da Bronze Age al'adu an fara canza: a cikin tsohon kafa patriarchal dangantakar - karfafa ikon da mazan zamani, da karfafa rawar da matsayi na mijin ta iyali. Shaidun guda biyu jana'izar mata da miji da burbushi na tashin hankali mutuwa na mata.

Fara stratification al'umma, zamantakewa da kuma dukiyar da bambance-bambance tsakanin masu arziki da matalauta suna samun mafi kuma mafi: akwai wani babban Multi-daki gida tare da bayyana layout, arziki ƙauyuka girma, Kafa a kusa da kansa karami. A hankali fadada, sai suka samar da farko birni a cikin abin da samun saurin bunkasuwar cinikayya da kuma crafts, a cikin Bronze Age kunno kai rubuce-rubuce. Shi ne mai matukar muhimmanci.

Bronze Age art ɓullo da tare da kyautata na kayayyakin: dutse zanen samu a sarari, m contours da kuma lissafi makirci canza multicolored zane na dabbobi. A wannan lokacin, akwai wani sassaka, ado (kayan ado ga kayan aiki da kuma rayuwar yau da kullum abubuwa), roba. An bayyana a cikin ƙawa alhãli na m pictorial harshe, wanda kowannensu na da nasu irin. Ado zanen da halin da layu: kare tasoshin for abinci daga mugayen ruhohi, jawo hankalin yalwa, ya ba da iyali ta kiwon lafiya.

Sha'awar a cikin shahararrun zanen Karakol, depicting halittu masu ban mamaki a cikin siffofi da cewa intertwine dabba da mutum halaye. A hade da cikakken fuska, da profile a wani ɗan adam image kawo wadannan Figures tare da tsoho Masar art - duk wadannan zane-zane daidai da cosmogonic ideas na zamanin d asalin mutum, game da interactions mutane da kuma alloli a cikin miƙa mulki ga duniya da matattu. Wadannan zane-zane da aka yi da baki, farin da kuma ja Paint a kan garun binne kwalaye, da kuma burbushi na zane yi a ja Paint da aka samu a kan kokon da matattu. Baya ga zama dole kayayyakin aiki, tsoho mutane koya yin simintin kuma ƙirƙira tagulla, zinariya da tagulla kawa wadda aka yi wa ado da bi, da na dutse, kashi, fata da kuma bawo.

A Bronze Age ya riga shi zuwa na baƙin ƙarfe, wanda ya tashe da wayewa da cigaba a wani mataki na ci gaba.