Clichés da kantselyarizm: misalai na kalmomi a cikin Rasha harshen

A wannan labarin, za mu yi magana game da wannan mas'ala ta harshen kamar yadda "kantselyarizm". Misalai na asali kaddarorin da ikon yinsa, daga cikin amfani da wannan rabe-sabon abu za a yi la'akari da mu a cikin babban daki-daki.

A Rasha kantselyarizmy tana nufin wani rabe-kungiya, kamar yadda da clichés. Saboda haka, za mu fahimci a fara da cewa irin abu.

Mene ne clichés

Mun fara da la'akari da mafi m kuskure sanya ta biyu da wasika da kuma sadarwa.

Kan sarki kuma kantselyarizmy (misalai na wanda za a gabatar a kasa) ne a hankali m. More daidai, muna la'akari da ilimin harsuna sabon abu ne daya daga cikin iri na sarki (wannan kalma tana nufin kalmomi da maganganu da cewa sukan yi amfani, da nagarta daga wanda rasa darajar). Saboda haka, irin wannan zane kawai obalodi da magana, kuma magana suna dauke m.

Kan sarki ne kalmomi da phrases, amfani a jawabin. Yawanci, wadannan rabe-mamaki ba da wani bayani dalla-dalla. Alal misali, yawa na "An gudanar da taron a matakin qarshe" da aka yi amfani da maimakon a kawo wani cikakken rahoto game da taron.

Mene ne kantselyarizmy a Rasha? misalai

A cikin Rasha da harshen akwai wani yawan kalmomi, da yin amfani da abin da aka dauke su dacewa kawai a wani musamman style of magana. Wadannan kalmomi ne kantselyarizmy. Wannan lokaci da aka kira da kalmar, nau'in constructions da siffofi, da phrases, da yin amfani da abin da aka yake kunshe a cikin wallafe-wallafen harshen hukuma-kasuwanci style. Misali: cẽto, dole ne, aikin da aka ba-ga-riba, gudanar da wani iko da sauransu.

ãyõyi kantselyarizmov

Mu yanzu ayyana halayen wadannan kalmomi kuma dubi misalai.

Kantselyarizmy - kalmar hukuma style, amma wanin wannan, sunã da wani yawan zalla da ilimin harsuna da ãyõyinMu. Daga cikin su akwai:

• Amfani da fi'ili sunaye: bessufiksalnyh (sata, dinki, lokacin kashe). suffixed (kama, ganewa, busa-gano).
• Canzawa sauki kumshin maras predicate aiki (tsagawa predicate). Ga misali: sha'awar nuna - maimakon nufin su riƙi wani yanke shawara - maimakon shirya don taimaka - maimakon taimaka.
• Amfani denominative prepositions. Misali: a cikin kashi na line, a sakamako, to da adireshin a cikin sashe, a cikin filin, saboda, cikin sharuddan, a gaskiya, a kan matakin.
• Stringing lokuta, yawanci genitive. Alal misali, da yanayi dole tada matakin na wayar da kan jama'a, na yawan jama'ar, a yankin.
• Maye gurbin aiki ga m gudun. Alal misali, aiki yawa mun kafa - da m kafa da aka za'ayi da mu.

Me ba zai iya cũtar kantselyarizmami?

Kantselyarizmy da clichés (misalai tabbatar da wannan) da aka saba amfani da magana, kai da cewa shi hasarar da hasashe, da expressiveness, conciseness kuma individuality. Wannan ya ba Yunƙurin zuwa da wadannan shortcomings:

• A cakuda styles. Misali: bayan wani haske ruwan sama fadi kamar ruwan sama a kan kandami a duk da daukaka haskaka a bakan gizo.
• Shubuha, wanda ba fi'ili tashi zuwa sunaye. Alal misali, kalmar "sanarwa na Farfesa" za a iya gane a matsayin "farfesa jãyayya," da kuma yadda "farfesa yin jayayya."
• Verbosity, jawabin weighting. Ga misali: saboda da kyautata na sabis matakan kamata muhimmanci ƙara da yawa a cikin kasuwanci, kuma gwamnatin Stores.

Kantselyarizm, misalai na abin da muka gabatar, shi ke hana hasashe, ma'ana, gamsarwa. Tun da aka akai-akai amfani da maganganu da sharewa lexical ma'anar tarnished expressivity.

Yawanci, da yin amfani da kan sarki ayan 'yan jarida. Saboda haka, a wata jarida style , irin maganganu da ake samu musamman sau da yawa.

Abin da kalmomi koma zuwa kantselyarizmam

Ga alama ta halitta kawai a yau da kullum jawabin kantselyarizm. Misalai na yin amfani da magana game da cewa sau da yawa sosai da wadannan kalmomi ana amfani da wasu styles na magana, wanda aka dauke a kausasa stylistic kuskure. Don hana irin missteps, shi wajibi ne don sanin abin da kalmar tana nufin kantselyarizmam.

Saboda haka kantselyarizmy za a iya halin da:

• Tsaoho solemnity: mai suna, da muka ambata a sama Levy, da mai bãyar da wannan, ya kamata, to bukatar, ta se.
• A lokaci guda kantselyarizmy iya zama yo-businesslike: ce (ga mai girma da magana.), Ka ji, ci gaba, wuyar warwarewa, ƙayyadaddu, aukuwa.
• Ka ba da wani jawabi a hukumance-kasuwanci launi sunaye samu daga fi'ilai tare da wadannan suffixes: - UT, -AT, -ani, -eni: himma, shan binciken. bessufiksalnye: rana kashe, Kame jirgin, dinki, haya, dubawa. kalmomi da suke da fahimci Consoles, maras: undetectable, undetected shortfalls, rigakafin.
• Bugu da kari, yawan sunaye, participles, adverbs, fi'ilai kuma manufofi jijiya yana da wani m hali zuwa da kasuwanci a duniya sadarwa. Ga misali: jam'iyyar, abokin ciniki, da abokin ciniki, da babba, mai shi, mutum, ma'aikata rahoton, aka azabtar, da ya maye gurbin, zuwa nan da nan, kyauta, a, zama, zama.
• Official kasuwanci saka launi daban-daban yawan aiki kalmomi: a cikin adireshin da lissafi, bisa, da sauransu. Ga misali: bisa ga yarjejeniyar, dangane da karewa daga cikin yarjejeniyar, a harka na gazawar cika da kwangila, a sakamakon bincike da sauransu.
• By mai kama da yawa sun hada da aka gyara na abubuwa: abinci, hukumomin tsaro, abin hawa, gwamnati, da dangantakar diplomasiyya tsakaninsu.

Wanda idan da shi ne ya dace a yi amfani da Kalmar "kantselyarizm"

Kantselyarizmy (misalai na kalmomi, mun gani a cikin daki-daki, a sama), bisa ga dokokin na adabi da harshen da ya kamata a yi amfani ne kawai a cikin aikin hukuma-kasuwanci style. Sa'an nan da lokacinta ba tsaya daga kan bango na rubutu.

The sosai guda Kalmar "kantselyarizm" dace don amfani kawai a lokuta lokacin da irin kalmomin da phrases amfani da wani ta style. To, ya zama expressionless, hukuma hali, aka hana shi da tausaya, da nishaxi,, naturalness da kuma sauki.

Kantselyarizmy kamar yadda stylistic liyafar

Amma shi ba a ko da yaushe dangana ga shortcomings na jawabin kantselyarizm. Misalan art ayyuka nuna cewa sau da yawa irin wannan kalmomi da phrases an yi amfani da matsayin stylistic liyafar. Alal misali, ga murya halaye gwarzo.

Writers sau da yawa amfani kantselyarizmami don ƙirƙirar wani m sakamako. Alal misali, Zoshchenko, Chekhov, Saltykov-Shchedrin, Ilf da Petrov. Alal misali, Saltykov-Shchedrin - "... haramta idanu gouged fitar, shan tafi da kai cije ni kashe hanci"; Chekhov - "kisan shi ne sakamakon da nutsẽwa."

Kantselyarizmy (misalai na kalmomi da muka riga muka bincika a wasu daki-daki) a Rasha isa mafi girma har a cikin tsawon stagnation, a lõkacin da suka shiga cikin duk yankuna na magana, ko da ciki har da iyali. Wannan misali sake tabbatar da ra'ayin cewa harshe ne mai gani na duk canje-canje da faruwa a cikin kasar da kuma al'umma.