Client SSH: saitin. Mafi SSH-abokin ciniki

Client SSH - shi ne mai zama dole kayan aiki a lokacin da yin amfani da SSH-sadarwa tsakanin biyu inji. Ana nufi da su shiga cikin tsarin aiki na m kwamfuta da gudu da shi a cikin umurninSa. A abokin ciniki aka sanya a kan mai amfani da gida na'ura. Ya dole ne a ingantashi a kan uwar garke, kuma kawai bayan da cewa sabis fara. A abokin ciniki za a iya aiwatar don amfani a cikin m, ko da wani zana sanyi dubawa.

Mene ne SSH?

SSH (m Shell) an fassara zahiri kamar yadda "kafaffen harsashi." A amfani da SSH - shi ne mai sadarwa yarjejeniya da wanda ya yi hadari management na m kumburi a cikin cibiyar sadarwa tsarin aiki. Yana bayar da wani amintacce connection, Tantance kalmar sirri, da canja wurin bayanai, daga wannan rundunar zuwa wani ta hanyar zirga-zirga da boye-boye, ta hanyar wucewa ta.

Yana ba ka damar haifar da zane Tunnels for kafaffen watsa wasu cibiyar sadarwa ladabi a kan wani m cibiyar sadarwa kamar yanar-gizo. shi ne sau da yawa amfani ga tashar jiragen ruwa isar daya kwamfuta da sauran tashoshin jiragen ruwa.

Fara SSH aka aza Tattoo Ilonenom na Finland a 1995, wanda ya tsunduma shi a matsayin sirri rahoton. Wannan version aka kira SSH-1. A lokacin, kusan ba amfani.

A shekarar 1996, an inganta version na SSH-2 da aka ɓullo. Shi ne m da SSH-1 ne mafi amintacce kuma yana da wani Extended jerin boye-boye lissafi mai tsauri. Yanzu karkashin SSH version ake nufi SSH-2. Tun shekara ta 2006, yarjejeniya da aka gane IETF misali Internet Association.

Akwai biyu main aiwatar da SSH. Daya daga cikin su mallakar tajirai, wanda aka ci gaba da SSH Communications Tsaro. Na biyu - OpenSSH, kafa a karkashin jagorancin Theo de Raadt matsayin free madadin bude farko. Shi ne ya fi kowa, kuma aka hada tare da mafi Unix-kamar tsarin.

Mene ne SSH abokin ciniki da kuma SSH uwar garke

Connection SSH yarjejeniya da aka aiwatar ta hanyar biyu main aka gyara: wani abokin ciniki da kuma uwar garke.

A sauki kalmomi, wani mai amfani da wani abokin ciniki cewa an shigar a kan wani gida kwamfuta da cewa yana da damar yin amfani da m inji (server). Ya kamata a lura da cewa abokin ciniki iya aiwatar da aka zana mai amfani da ke dubawa (as destktopnoe aikace-aikace) da kuma ga aiki a wani m (bidiyo).

SSH uwar garke kasa kunne ga abokan ciniki da kuma cibiyar sadarwa sadarwa a lokacin da kana sa ga wata dangane sa matakai da ake bukata domin izni. Bayan nasara wucewa gabatar da kafa ga m abokin ciniki sabis.

Secure damar da aka shirya via wani Tantance kalmar sirri hanya ta amfani da asymmetric boye-boye da jama'a key a lokacin da ka farko connect. A lokacin m amfani fasali boye-boye.

SSH misali ya hada da uku ladabi:

• Transport Layer layinhantsaki - tabbatar uwar garke Tantance kalmar sirri, tsare sirri da kuma mutunci. Yana bayar da bayanan matsawa. Runs a saman TCP / IP.

• Gasktawa layinhantsaki - aikata abokin ciniki Tantance kalmar sirri da uwar garke. Shi abubuwa a kan kai yarjejeniya Layer.

• Connection layinhantsaki - wani ɓoyayyen tashar aka multiplexed kamar yadda mahara ma'ana tashar amfani da daban-daban domin sabis. Yana gudanar a saman Tantance tashar.

Ingantattun aminci tabbas ne ta hanyar abokin ciniki Tantance kalmar sirri da uwar garke isa da SSH abokin ciniki da kuma tabbatar da ingancin uwar garke ga abokin ciniki. Gasktawa faruwa a garesu.

A abokin ciniki aika wani request a karon farko ya kafa wani shafin sadarwa na kai Layer. Na biyu request ne ya aiko bayan da Tantance SSH-abokin ciniki.

Da aiwatar da OpenSSH

OpenSSH - sigar bude tushen aiwatar OpenBSD tawagar. Ne ya fi kowa version ta hanyar free rarraba.

OpenSSH kunshin hada da wani sa na kayayyakin:

• SSHD - server part.
• SSH - abokin ciniki gefe.
• SCP - wani mai amfani ga kafaffen fayil kwashe.
• SSH-keygen - ya haifar da jama'a keys (RSA, DSA da sauran) ga kwakwalwa da kuma masu amfani.
• SSH-keyscan - tara jama'a mabudi a cikin cibiyar sadarwa.
• SSH-wakili - rike sirri RSA keys ga m Tantance kalmar sirri da jama'a keys.
• SSH-add - in ji sabon zaman kansa keys wakili SSH-wakili.
• SFTP-uwar garke - SFTP uwar garke.
• SFTP - mai amfani ga tam kwafe fayiloli via FTP.

OpenSSH ne kunshe a da isar da akwatin for mafi Unix-kamar tsarin. Mafi na kowa suna dauke Linux, Open (Free, Net) BSD, Solaris, HP-UX, Irix, MacOS X, da sauransu.

M cin gaban aikin da za'ayi a cikin aiwatar da OpenSSH for Windows, wanda shi ne akwai don saukewa a website. Yana ba ka damar haifar da SSH-uwar garke a cikin Windows iyali na tsarin yana da wani SSH abokin ciniki to connect. OpenSSH for Windows ne kunshe a cikin bayarwa CygWin.

A mafi shahara tsakanin masu amfani ne rabawa dogara ne a kan Linux da kwaya. A nan gaba, duk da misalai na yin amfani da SSH an nuna a daidaita OpenSSH. Domin tsabta da Linux zai kafa SSH-abokin ciniki domin Ubuntu, Windows da kuma Mac OS X.

Girkawa kuma harhadawa openssh-uwar garke

Akwai da yawa sanyi zabin OpenSSH -server. Don saita abokin ciniki ya kamata a yi dangane da uwar garke jeri. Wannan sashe na samar da wani misali na SSH uwar garke shigar a kan Ubuntu Server Edition. A m kwatancin saita abokan ciniki yi amfani da sanyi daga cikin uwar garke.

1. Akwai hanyoyi biyu don shigar OpenSSH -server:

1.1. Zabi OpenSSH -server shigarwa kunshin nan da nan a lokacin bayyanuwar Ubuntu Server /

1.2. Download kuma shigar daga mangaza ta gudu da umurnin:

2. Kasance saba da dabi'u SSHD uwar garke ta tsoho sanyi fayil / sauransu / SSH / sshd_config, yi amfani da umurnin:

3. Kafin ka canza default saituna tabbata ga haifar da wani kwafin fayil da kuma kare shi daga rubuce-rubuce. Wannan ne yake aikata a yanayin, idan kana bukatar ka mirgine baya ga tsoho dabi'u a cikin taron da wani kuskure.

4. A saituna ta tsohuwa tashar jiragen ruwa da TCP 22. Domin aminci, shi ne shawarar da maye gurbin ta da wadanda ba misali dabi'u, misali, 5754. Change da Port umarnin da umurnin:

5. Ajiye fayil / Sauransu / SSH / sshd_config kuma zata sake farawa SSHD:

The uwar garke aka shigar kuma kaga. Yanzu ya saurara a tashar jiragen ruwa 5754. By tsoho, don samun damar wani mai amfani iya shiga cikin tsarin da gata. Gasktawa aka yi ta hanyar yin amfani da wata kalmar sirri ko key DSA, RSA, ed25519 et al.

Cross-dandamali OpenSSH-abokin ciniki m. SSH abokin ciniki domin Linux

A baya can ya bayyana cewa, da aka fi amfani aiwatar da SSH yarjejeniya ne OpenSSH, wanda ta tsohuwa zo tare da mafi Linux rabawa majalisai. A wasu lokuta, OpenSSH za a iya sauke daga mangaza ga wannan distro.

Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na OpenSSH abokin ciniki-kunshe-aiwatar kamar yadda SSH shirin, wanda ke gudanar da wannan umurnin. Harhadawa abokin ciniki da kuma ne sarrafawa via da m, shi ba shi da wani zana ke dubawa. An dauke da mafi sauki da kuma mai amfani-friendly version.

Girkawa kuma harhadawa OpenSSH-abokin ciniki a kan Ubuntu

A kan m inji ya shigar da kaga OpenSSH-uwar garke. Manufar shine a samu damar shiga daga wani gida kwamfuta da aka gudanar Ubuntu.

1. The default Ubuntu rarraba ba kara OpenSSH-abokin ciniki, don haka dole ne ka shigar da shi ta amfani da:

2. Bayan da kafuwa shirin da aka ambaci SSH umurnin daga m ba tare Akidar.

3. Idan mai amfani da Tantance kalmar sirri da aka yi amfani da tare da wata kalmar sirri:

1) The dangane da aka sanya da:

• sunan mai amfani - sunan asusu a kan m na'ura,
• rundunar - shi ne m uwar garken IP-address (ko domain idan yankin da aka wakilta da uwar garken).

2) bayan shigar da umurninSa, dole ne ka latsa Shigar - ka za a sa ga wata kalmar sirri. A kalmar sirri ake bukata a kan m inji lissafi (ya zama da hankali kamar yadda ga jami'an tsaro na kalmar sirri da aka ba a nuna).

3) shigar da daidai kalmar sirri, da m uwar garken m taga da wata gaisuwa. Za ka iya yanzu yi zama dole dokokin.

4. A yayin da izini ake bukata domin keys DSA:

1) idan dole don samar da jama'a da kuma masu zaman kansu keys zai yiwu daga SSH OpenSSH-abokin ciniki:

2) The default jama'a key aka adana a fayil /home/user/.ssh/id_dsa.pub da kuma rufe a /home/user/.ssh/id_dsa.

3) dole a yi kwafin ga m na'ura da kuma ƙara da shi zuwa ga izini /home/user/.ssh/authorized_keys tawagar generated jama'a key:

Yanzu mai amfani zai iya gaskatawa tare da SSH-uwar garke tare da shigar da kalmar sirri.

Girkawa kuma harhadawa OpenSSH for Cygwin Terminal a kan Windows

Girkawa Cygwin Cygwin.exe kaddamar da wani fayil da cewa an sauke daga hukuma shafin.

Cygwin - An tattaro iri-iri daban-daban kunshe-kunshe. Don aiki tare da m m bukatar kawai OpenSSH. Za ka iya samun shi da neman a Cygwin.

Bayan ka shigar da kunshin kana bukatar ka gudu Cygwin Terminal da kuma shigar da wadannan umurnin:

Sa'an nan kuma latsa Shigar. Za a sa wa shigar da kalmar sirri. Bayan wucewa Tantance bayyana wani m uwar garken da mai amfani da m gaisuwa.

A ginin kalma ne daidai kamar a OpenSSH-abokin ciniki, a aiwatar for Linux.

SSH-abokin ciniki giciye-dandamali Gui putty

Putty - zana SSH abokin ciniki ga m gwamnati, wanda ya hada da goyon baya ga SSH yarjejeniya. A shirin da aka rarraba da bude Madogararsa da kuma gaba daya free.

Asalinsu bayar kawai don OS Windows, amma na abokin ciniki aka daga baya ported ga Linux, shi ne kunshe a cikin mangaza na kusan dukan rare Linux rabawa.

Rayayye ci gaba da aiki a cikin Mac OS X.

Putty sanyi taga ya dubi guda a duk tsarukan. Bambanci wanzu ne kawai a cikin shigarwa hanyoyin. Saboda haka, da kafuwa zai farko da za a nuna yadda za a uku Tsarukan aiki, sa'an nan - da sigogi na putty saituna.

Girkawa putty Linux Ubuntu

1. Shigar putty tare da umurnin:

2. Fara cikin putty umurni daga wani m, ko da wani linzamin kwamfuta click a kan menu:

3. A taga abokin ciniki saituna, inda ya zama dole ya yi rajista da connection sigogi.

Girkawa putty for Windows

Don shigar da ake bukata putty.exe download na file, ajiye wani m wuri, kamar a kan tebur. A shirin farawa da biyu akafi zuwa na hagu linzamin kwamfuta button.

Putty - SSH-abokin ciniki ga Mac. Girkawa kuma yanã gudãna da Gui-version

A lokacin rubuta putty bai mayalwaci aka ported yi aiki a kan Mac OS X. Matsaloli tashi a cikin tari na part cewa shi ne alhakin da aka zana ke dubawa.

Domin shigarwa, dole ne ka yi wasu na farko aiki.

1. Shigar Xcode.

kunshin na utilities da kuma shirye-shirye daga Apple ya zana da kuma gina aikace-aikace na Mac OS X.

Tare da OS na Mac da X 10.7 Lion wajibi ne don sa da «umurnin Line kallo don Xcode» tare da Apple Developer website.

Bayan da kafuwa ake bukata don yarda da yarjejeniyar lasis:

2. Sa Xquartz.

Wannan uwar garke aiwatar X.Org X Window System (X11) for Mac OS X. bukatar Ga Gui-version of putty, rubuta a GTK +. Shigar daga official website. Bayan installing da ake bukata relogin.

3. Shigar Homebrew.

Girkawar aka sanya da:

Next kana bukatar ka duba for daidai shigarwa na tawagar:

4. Sa putty, yi:

A tsari na iya daukar fiye da awa daya, kamar yadda shi ne a jam'i na wannan dependencies Glib / GTK + / Pango / Alkahira.

5. Samar da da farawa fayil Putty.app.

Dole ne ka gudu Automator.app. The daftarin aiki irin su zabi "shirin" a cikin ayyuka kana bukatar ka zaɓi "gudu harsashi-rubutun" a cikin shigar da akwatin don saita hanyar zuwa executable fayil «/ mai amfani / gida / bin / putty», fãce kamar «putty.app», tantancewa da fayil format " shirin "ga directory" shirin. " Idan so, wani misali icon za a iya maye gurbinsu.

Kafa da SSH abokin ciniki putty

Kan aiwatar da saitin zana abokin ciniki SSH putty dubi guda a duk tsarukan. A bayyanar shi ne dan kadan daban-daban, dangane da zane na aiki yanayi.

Don haɗi zuwa wani m inji via SSH son gudu putty. A sakamakon taga, dole ne ka saita sigogi:

Connection Type - da irin dangane - kafa SSH.

Mai shiri Name (ko IP-adress) - rundunar sunan ko IP-address - a nan saka da m uwar garken IP-address, sunan yankin, ko Internet adireshin. A wannan misali, Sa IP-address 192.168.128.3

Port - sauraron tashar jiragen ruwa - da uwar garke, wanda aka ba a matsayin misali, kafa tashar jiragen ruwa 5754. Ya kuma auna.

Idan so, za ka iya ajiye saituna don wannan zaman.

A lokacin da ka latsa "Open" button, wani m taga zai bayyana, inda bukatar shigar da m inji sunan da kalmar sirri domin account.

Idan dole, abokin ciniki Tantance key biyu bukata puttygen.exe mai amfani da cewa gudanar a Windows. Putty-Gen ya haifar da wani biyu daga jama'a da kuma masu zaman kansu keys.

A jama'a key dole ne a kara wa uwar garke, shi ne generated a misali SSH. Add key iya kamar wancan OpenSSH via wani m ko via da putty, tun wuce na farko Tantance kalmar sirri login kalmar sirri.

A zaman kansa key aka generated .ppk format da kuma kara da cewa ga abokin ciniki. A kan hagu a cikin itacen a sami SSH, fadada jerin, nemo Auth da kuma a cikin wannan siga, a da «Private key fayil ga Gasktawa» zaži key.

Bayan wadannan jan, mai amfani zai iya gaskatawa tare da uwar garke ba tare da wata kalmar sirri.

A lokacin, putty SSH abokin ciniki aka dauke a duniya Gui. Ɓangare na uku developers, Mun halitta Gao-Feng SSH-abokin ciniki domin Android, a matsayin mobile version of putty.

Mafi SSH-abokin ciniki

Ya zuwa yanzu babu wani yarjejeniya a kan abin da SSH-abokin ciniki mafi amfani. Tsarin ma'aikata suna zaba kayan aikin dogara ne a kan nasu bukatun.

Kamar yadda mai mulkin, masu amfani * Unix-tsarin ayan yi amfani da wani misali SSH daga OpenSSH kunshin. Ya bayyana a duniya a ginin kalma da yake samuwa kai tsaye daga m. Domin aiki tare da ƙarin kayan aikin kamar kafaffen fayil kwafin (SCP), ba a bukatar ka shigar da ƙarin software. Abin da kuke bukata ne kunshe a OpenSSH.

Gui magoya wanda yawanci aiki a Windows tsarukan, yi amfani da putty. An yi imani da cewa wannan shi ne mafi kyau SSH-abokin ciniki domin Windows. Yana da dukan zama dole kayayyakin aiki, don ta murhu, kwafan fayilolin, da sauransu, ko da shi, na bukatar sauke ƙarin kayayyaki.