Constellation Cepheus: myths, Legends da kwatancin

Ko da ya fi ƙẽƙashe pragmatist ba zai iya zama sha'aninsu dabam a lokacin da ƙasa da dama a cikin dare, shiru da kuma taurari. Map na tafiyar taurari na arewacin yammancin duniya ya ƙunshi mafi ma'ana na samaniya Figures. Duk da haka, duk da kyakkyawa za a iya nuna godiya kawai ta hanyar kallon sama wannan dare. Big da Little Dipper, Bootes, Cassiopeia, Cepheus da kuma sauran m da kuma tilasta daskare a wuri yayin da admiring da kyau na sararin sarari, m zuwa kallo da ido tsirara.

Yau mun mayar da hankali a kan ƙungiyar taurari na Cepheus (photo kasa), bazai mafi daukan hankali da kuma ban sha'awa, amma ya cancanci cikakken nazari.

wuri

Tun sama Cep adjoin m Dipper da Cassiopeia. Nemo taurari, kamar su, shi ne yawanci sosai sauki: tauraron na cikin wani sarari suKe Figures quite mai haske da kuma m. Duk da haka, mafi muhimmanci alama don duba for ne Arewa Cross asterism, located kudu na Cephei a cikin ƙungiyar taurari Cygnus.

Cikin kasar mu Cepheus - ba m da ƙungiyar taurari. Lokaci mafi kyau ka tsayar da shi - daga Yuli zuwa Satumba. Sashe na daga cikin ƙungiyar taurari aka located a cikin Milky Way.

Da kusanci zuwa ga Arewa iyakacin duniya

Constellation Cepheus, makirci wanda ya hada game da 150 da taurari, da rarrabe a kan wata hujja rana ba tare da duk wani abin da kayan aiki, dimbin yawa kamar wani sababbu Pentagon. Sha'awa, na gaba-kofa maƙwabci Cepheus, Ursa Ƙananan, ba zai ko da yaushe dauke da iyakacin duniya star. A sakamakon haka, precession wuri a yau iyakacin duniya za su zauna jẽre haske a ƙungiyar taurari Kepheus: Beta Cephei (beta) Alrai (gamma) da kuma Alderamin (alpha). A farko daga cikin wadannan za su yi alfahari da wuri, a shekara ta 3100. Yana da wadannan taurari tare da zeta da kuma kadan, Cepheus kuma siffata up da asterism wani sarari suKe adadi.

Constellation Cepheus: labari

Masana kimiyya yi imani da cewa kungiyar na taurari sun bayyana tare da makwabtaka Cassiopeia, Perseus, Pegasus da Andromeda. Myths game da taurari da kuma magana game da asalinsu daya ne. Daya an tilasta tunani game da yiwuwar tsoho ilmi.

Cepheus, bisa ga Greek yaren, ya Sarkin Habasha. Daga cikin wasu abũbuwan amfãni daga dũkiya da ya fi shahara ga da kyau na matarsa, ya Cassiopeia da kuma ta 'yar Andromeda. Daya version of labari ya bayyana sarauniya a matsayin mace mugun da kuma m. Cassiopeia da gangan idan aka kwatanta da kyau na da 'yarsa da wani impeccable bayyanar da gumakan Olympus, ga abin da suka kasance fushi kuma ya so ya azabtar da mata biyu.

Wani version ya gaya cewa kishi alloli ba su da jira don m kalmomi Cassiopeia: sun lura da wani annuri kyau na Andromeda da kuma yanke shawarar kawo ƙarshen irin wannan indignity. Duk abin da ya, da kuma a gaba na kasar Habasha akwai wata babbar Whale, a kowace rana muna fita a kan ƙasa da kuma cinye mazaunan ƙasar. Cepheus aka ƙoƙarin ajiye mulki. Keith ya amince ba to halakarwa da kauye, komawa zuwa gare shi a kowace rana aka bai wa mafi kyau yarinya.

banmamaki gudun hijira

Jima ko daga baya, amma bi da bi, kuma Andromeda. Iyaye da baƙin ciki san babu haddi, kamar yadda da m jira na kishi alloli. Mace daura wani dutse. Keith ya crept da aka azabtar, a lokacin da ya zo Perseus hawa Pegasus, kuma tsĩrar da gimbiya.

A dodo aka ci, da kuma kyakkyawa ceto. Bayan kowane lokaci da gwarzo aka juya a cikin wani ƙungiyar taurari: Cepheus, Cassiopeia, Andromeda, Perseus, Pegasus, kuma ko da Keith.

Dim, amma gagarumin

Duk wadannan wani sarari suKe Figures ne kusa isa ga juna a cikin sama. Constellation Cepheus, kamar yadda na sarauta samfur na baya Cassiopeia a kyakkyawa. Duk da haka, da monarch tun tsufa da kuma ta sama image na iya zama alfahari. Stars na Cepheus aka gyara, da wasu janye ga masana kimiyya. Daga cikin su akwai binary tsarin, da haske, babbar ko da bukatunsu na sararin samaniya, da kuma star, wanda ya ba da sunan wani irin nau'in sarari abubuwa.

biyu shanu

The haske star, wanda alfahari da ƙungiyar taurari Cepheus (zane yana da wani ra'ayin na bambancin da abubuwa) - Alderamin (alpha). Sunan nufin "hannun dama." An located a kan gwiwar hannu regal adadi. The girma na duniya - 2,45. A nesa da cewa dole ne a shawo da mu Alderamin, kiyasta a 49 haske shekaru. Alpha Cephei - fari subgiant shafi cikin na aji A. A fasalin taurari wani sosai m juyawa. Domin aikata daya yawa Alderamin ake bukata kawai 12 hours, yayin da a cikin rana, misali, wannan aiki daukan game da wata daya. Wadannan masu bincike bayar da shawarar cewa Alpha Cephei ne yanzu a wani mataki na canji a cikin wani ja giant.

Beta Cephei ne tarihi sunan Beta Cephei ( "tumaki"). Wannan shi ne m star, wanda sunansa ne aka nuna ta raba aji na kama sarari jikinsu. Domin beta Cephei irin m halayyar canji a haske a cikin kewayon 0.01-0.3 girma. Domin Beta Cephei kewayon kara daga 3.15 zuwa 3,21. Tsawon canji - 0,19 kwana.

A kasashen Larabawa, da tsoho masana kimiyya sun tattara ganimar Asusun Alderamin da Beta Cephei a asterism "Biyu shanu '. Alrai ( "m") - a kan ƙungiya sunan da Gamma Cephei aka bai wa shi.

dual tsarin

Cepheus ƙungiyar taurari yana da dama gagarumi "coalitions." Alrai ne ban sha'awa, domin shi ne na farko kusa biyu, daya daga cikin sahabbansa abin da aka gano exoplanet. Gamma Cephei A - shi ne orange subgiant da nauyi ƙwarai 1.6 sau da rãnã da luminosity - 8.2 sau. Yana revolves a kusa da wani ja Dwarf. A lokacin da abin da gamma Cephei B sa daya da juyin juya halin, shi ne 74 shekara. Alrai tsarin da aka cire daga Sun ta 45 haske-shekara.

Gamma Cephei A yana da exoplanet rubuce bude a 1988 shekara. A shekarar 2003, ta zama an tabbatar. Daya juyin juya halin a kusa da star duniya sa ga 2.5 years. Its taro da aka kiyasta ya zama mafi girma daga masana kimiyya Jupiter taro na 1,59 sau.

delta

Wani dual tsarin - Alredif ko Delta Cephei. Duk da haka, an san ba domin ta gyara. Alredif - haskakawa, wanda ya ba da sunan wani aji na m taurari, Cepheids.

Delta Cephei an canza ta Sheen da wani lokaci na kwanaki biyar da abu kaɗan. A karuwa ne mafi m fiye da ta rage. Feature taurãri dõmin canza haske ta hade da canji, kuma ko da wani yawan halaye: da haske a daban-daban lokaci za a iya sanya daban-daban na azuzuwan. Lokacin da ƙaramar darajar da kwarjinin Delta Cephei zama wakilin G2 irin, wanda sun hada da Sun, yayin da matsakaicin - F5. Wadannan atypical siffofin ga taurãri zauna don wani lokaci ba tare da wani bayani ba.

Amsar, duk da haka, da aka samu. An gano cewa star pulsates, cewa an canza ta diamita. A kan talakawan, wannan siga Delta Cephei ne 40 diameters na mu star. A lokacin pulsations, ya canjãwa Game da dabi'u na 4, wanda shi ne dama da miliyan kilomita. A matsawa lokacin Alredifa surface da aka kona, da hantsinta ƙaruwa. Fadada halin da wasu sanyaya kuma ragewa haske. Similar canje-canje ne halayyar ga dukan aji na Cepheids.

ja supergiants

Constellation Cepheus ne sananne ga gaban a cikin abun da ke ciki na uku babbar taurari, da girma da wanda ake kasaftawa a cikin dukan da aka sani abubuwa a cikin halittu. Wadannan su ne ja supergiants. Na farkon su - Mu Cephei. Tauraro a cikin 350 dubu sau fi rãnã a cika luminosity. Na biyu sunan giant - Garnet star Herschel. Yana da aka Uilyam Gershel farko ga mai kyau inuwa da haske. Most Mu Cephei cewa daga cikin Sun a 1650 sake. Masana kimiyya saba a kan yadda nisa daga mu star ne ja supergiant. Kwanan nan, da adadi ne dauke da mafi m, a cikin 5200 haske-shekara. Mu Cephei ne yanzu a mataki na mutuwa. A na gaba 'yan shekaru miliyan na jiran fashewa, bayan da ya rushe core na hasken wuta, mafi m, zai juya a cikin wani baki rami.

Mu Cephei kuma ma wani sau uku star tsarin. A biyu daga babban sanya shi kasa m aka gyara B da kuma C.

Na biyu ja giant - shi ne VV Cephei, eclipsing biyu star, m daga Sun at 5000 haske shekaru. A bangaren na tsarin - wata babbar star, ta uku mafi girma a cikin dukan da aka sani kuma na biyu a cikin wannan siga, a da galaxy, da Milky Way. Its diamita ne mafi girma daga biliyan 2.5 kilomita cewa ya wuce irin wannan halaye na hasken rana kamar 1700 sau. VV Cephei A ne haske taurari a cikin 275-575 dubu sau. Na biyu bangaren na tsarin revolves a kusa na farko da wani lokaci na shekaru 20. Domin ta size ya wuce Sun sau 10.

The uku ja supergiant - HR 8164. Light yana da wani sunan na da kansa. Its girma shi ne daidai game da 5.6.

A kusa da maƙwabcinsa

Duk wadannan wurare suna located a nesa daga Earth. Duk da haka, Cepheus kuma yana daya star, wanda shi ne kawai 13 haske-shekara bãya. Wannan Kruger 60, binary star tsarin. Duka da aka gyara - ja dwarfs ne da yawa na baya zuwa Sun ta girma. Kruger 60 A da nauyi ne kusan hudu sau karami ta radius ne 35% na radius na rana. Bangaren B ne har yanzu "suna fadin": nauyi mafi ƙaranci daga gare mu luminary kamar 5.5 sau. Kruger diamita 60 ne daidai da 24% na m hasken rana siga. A na biyu da dangantaka da abõki walƙiya taurari. Kowane guda takwas da minti, ta luminosity qara sau biyu, sa'an nan ya koma zuwa ga na farko darajar. Tsarin aka gyara an juya su a kusa da wata cibiyar taro tare da wani lokaci na 44.6 shekaru.

Fireworks da akwati

Ba kawai sha'awar a cikin taurari da kuma nebulae amma alfahari da ƙungiyar taurari Cepheus. A hoto na daya daga cikinsu yayi kama da siffar wasan wuta. Nebula NGC 6946, kuma da sunan shi ne ya dace. Yana da ban sha'awa domin a cikin shi ya bude tara supernovae. Saboda haka da yawan iya ba tukuna fariya ba sauran nebula. Fireworks aka located a kan iyakar da ƙungiyar taurari na Cygnus.

Tare da Cep da alaka da wani irin matsanancin samuwar. IC 1396 - watsi nebula, shahara ga da cewa da karkararta ne Elephant ganga, da duhu girgijen interstellar ƙura. Its sunan ya samu saboda na gani kama da m ɓangare na babbar dabba.

Open tari

Constellation Cepheus a kan ta "ƙasa" Stores, kuma daya daga cikin mafi tsoho tsarin na sarari, bude wannan rana. Wannan bude tari NGC 188. Wannan ya hada da 120 taurari cewa kafa a kusa da wannan lokaci na jimlar daga cikin kwayoyin girgije. Herschel gano shi a 1831. A farko count na tari shekaru kiyasta lokacin ta zama 24 shekaru biliyan. M lissafin sun rage wannan adadi. Yau, an zaci cewa NGC 188 biliyan 5 shekaru.

Description na taurari, har ma ya fi cikakken, ba za su taimake su fahimta da kyau na samaniya Figures. A daidai lura na taurari, da bayanin irin su halaye ba ba da ji na rashin iyaka na sararin duniya, wanda ya bayyana a lokacin da ka sa'a a cikin dare sama. Myths game da masaukai shige jera a nasu dangantaka terrestrial da kuma sarari, amma su ne bã ya amfãnar da kai tsaye kallo. A daya hannun, data a kan 'yan sama zane abubuwa taimake mu mu fahimci abin da ya ta'allaka a baya ma mafi alama inconspicuous asterisks. A karin misalin wannan - Cepheus, da ƙungiyar taurari ba sosai m, amma ƙunshi mai yawa ban sha'awa abubuwa da kuma magana game da su m.