Cow: abun ciki a cikin gida, da hanyoyin da fasaha

"A saniya a cikin yadi - yalwa a kan tebur" - don haka ya ce a rare karin magana. Home nas a cikin gona, kusan a cikin iyali bukatar hankali, domin cewa for 5-10 lactations a lokacin rayuwar 20-25 shekaru samar da patrons gina jiki da madara. Abin da wannan dabba wajibi ne a samar da yanayi?

Da abun ciki na shanu, da kuma dauki stanchion freestall hanyoyi, na bukatar cikakken tsarin kula da m domin na rana, dace abinci mai gina jiki da kuma ingancin kulawa.

Da abun ciki na shanu a cikin backyard

A cikin iyali ne, yafi amfani sako-sako da gidaje shanu: dabbobi ne kiyaye a cikin wani haske, dumi, da-ventilated yankin tare da general mãsu shã da feeders. A m alamomin da adana dabba kiwon lafiya da kuma hana abin da ya faru na mastitis, wani mai tsanani bene, da kuma bushe kwanciya, musanyawa wanda aka samar sau biyu a shekara.

Rashin ruwa babba Layer aka bayar da yau da kullum podkladyvaniem sabo baro da sawdust. A irin wannan tsarin ya auku biodegradation ƙananan yadudduka, sakamakon kasafi na yawa zafi, wanda yana da muhimmanci musamman a cikin hunturu da sanyi. Har ila yau a cikin bene dole ne a bayar da su nuna bambanci da gangara ƙullunku ga fitsari da kuma taki tarin, tsaftacewa da kyawawa don nuna sau biyu a rana. Abinci da ruwa aka kawota a kowa feeders da waterers.

Animal Care a bazara

A lokacin bazara, saniya, kiyaye, ciyar da iyali da aka fi sau da yawa da za'ayi freestall hanya ne dabbõbin. Yawancin lokaci a kauyuka m tara kowace safiya da shanu domin ranar nuni a cikin makiyaya, da kuma komawa gida da yamma. Kasancewa a cikin wani babban rukuni na inganta al'ada jiki da kuma m ci gaban da dabba. Very muhimmanci kungiyoyin na abun da ke ciki da iko factor, a matsayin sabon saniya a cikin garke, ko m hali na kowane mutum na da mummunan tasiri a kan sauran madara samarwa.

Summer saniya, da abun ciki na wanda wakiltar wani kullum aiki na iya zama a kan shafin da dauri backyard zubar, abin da na tsare daga ruwan sama da kuma zafi rana. Akwai ma a karkashin wani gini gadon jariri kafa tare da wajibi Briquette-lickstones - muhimmanci aka gyara da hannu a kashi samuwar, inganta ci, ƙara da digestibility na abinci da kuma shi ne mai kyau m gwargwado kan cututtuka ga matasa.

ciyar Features

Ciyar da shanu bazara kunshi dabbõbin, kamar yadda amfani da ciyar da kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa daga infield. Winter rabon abinci akai aka girbe hay, bambaro, tushen, kazalika da ma'adinai da kuma bitamin kari. Ruwa da dabbobi ya zama mai tsabta, dumi ruwa a cikin kudi na game da 80-100 lita na ruwa kowace rana a kan 1 shugaban.

Domin m dabbobi yana da muhimmanci sosai ga horar da kanka da kuma dabbobi don mai tsananin tsare a kullum, tsaya tare da wannan jinkiri tsakanin milking da kuma ciyar da. Saniya, da abun ciki na wanda bukatar wani zuba jari na wani halin kaka, da wani talakawan madara samar 15-20 lita ya kamata a ciyar da sau 3 a rana. Lokacin da fitarwa daga fiye da 20 lita na madara a yawan abinci da kuma milking ƙaruwa to 4-5 sau.

farm Content: sako-sako da hanya

Sako-sako da gidaje a matsayin amfani da gonaki da manyan dabbobi (400 kãwunansu, kuma mafi). A baya can, shi ne na kowa a cikin dabbõbin ni'ima kiwo, yau fiye da mafi amfani a cikin kiwo masana'antu.

The shanu ne a matsayin kusa da yanayi na 'yancin walwala, a cikin wani fili da dakuna da kuma free-range yankunan. taki tsaftacewa mafi yawa ana yi sau biyu a shekara. dabbobi samar da akai zurfin zuriyar dabbobi na bambaro, sawdust, peat. Yana da muhimmanci kowace rana don zuba wani sabon Layer na zuriyar dabbobi, ba kyale ta da cikakken samun rigar.

Wasu gonaki amfani da taki aiki fasahar da ta rabo a cikin 2 aka gyara: wani ruwa sulusi da murabba'i warehoused a manyan ramuka, tare da kara yin amfani da taki, da kuma m ne amfani da zuriyar dabbobi.

A siffa daga cikin tsarin sako-sako da gidaje ne unhindered damar na shanunsu da roughage, located kai tsaye a cikin dabbõbin-waddan hadaddun: a karkashin gini a ƙasa clamps, silos. Rarraba abinci a cikin dakin da aka sanya a cikin hali na sharri yanayin yanayi. dabba watering da aka yi da kungiyar avtopoilok.

Abũbuwan amfãni sako-sako da-Hanyar

A abũbuwan amfãni daga wannan hanya ne sako-sako da-aiki wasan motsa jiki, wani m tasiri a kan lafiyar dabbobi, bunkasa su rigakafi da kuma inganta madara. A wadannan gonaki, muhimmanci rage aiki halin kaka da darajar sanya, a mechanization na aikin, kunsha a cikin yin amfani da kayayyakin zamani don milking, sufuri, primary aiki na madara.

A hasara irin wannan dabbobinsu a kan manyan gonaki ne sau da yawa m-dauke makircinsu na kiwo, sakamakon kara zafi, marigayi girbi taki gas gurbatawa, wanda shi ne detrimental tasiri a kan kiwon lafiya na shanu.

A sako-sako da-Hanyar da ake bukata kafun dabbobi hadaddun ne da wanzuwar wani na haihuwa unguwa. Akwai wata sãniya calving, da abinda ke ciki wanda ke bukatar musamman hankali da dabba ne game da 1.5 watanni (tsawon da matsakaicin milking). An sa'an nan tuba zuwa ga wani asali kungiyar. a lokaci guda daukan la'akari da madara samarwa.

Contents stanchion Hanyar

A gargajiya Hanyar kan yi amfani da kiwo gonaki ne tethered ciki shanu. Cattle adana a cikin stalls sanye take for kam na'urorin: Homutova, sarkar, manual ko atomatik. A tsawon turke ne a kan talakawan daga 1.8 zuwa 2.0 mita a cikin irin wannan hanya da cewa saniya iya yardar kaina dauki recumbency. All stalls suna sanye take da karfe sanduna, ta hanyar abin da taki tsanya fada ta hanyar dabba tumbi.

All ayyukan alaka da goyon baya na dabba, da za'ayi nan da nan, a cikin stalls, kayan aiki wanda ya hada da:

• leash da wani karfe frame domin kayyade da tether.
• Feeder (70 cm m).
• turken shanu.
• tashar domin isar da taki.

key matakai

Rarraba abinci ne da za'ayi ta hanyar tsit ko mobile rabawa a cikin ƙullunku, Ya sanya daga ruwa-gagarar abu (karfe, kankare). A kasa na kududdufai, wanda aka located sama da gado turke 5-7 cm, takware ana azurta draining saura ruwa bayan wanka da disinfection.

Milking shanu ne da za'ayi tare da taimakon šaukuwa milking inji. Wannan aiki na bukatar babban zuba jari na manual aiki domin rage kudin da wanda aka shawarar zuwa Dutsen da high milking inji a musamman dakuna.

Amfani ko rashin amfani da hanyar kayan doki

Abũbuwan amfãni daga Daura:

• bisa al'ada da ciyar da dabba a cikin ra'ayi na yawan aiki da kuma shekaru.
• 5-7 ton na madara a kowace shekara. Wannan nawa wata sãniya iya ba, da abun ciki na wanda aka gudanar a yarda da duk fasaha norms da kuma matsayin.
• rage raunin 'yan maruƙa a lokacin ripening.
• ingantattun abinci hira cikin kitse, kuma tsoka taro.

A disadvantages ne:

• wani babban kaso na manual aiki (dabba kula, tsaftacewa stalls, jihar iko a kan shanu, dauke da warkewa da kuma m matakan).
• nauyi aiki yanayin milking inji aiki wanda aka tilasta su ja da sito milking inji, squat akai-akai a kusa da kowace dabba).

Hanyoyin da kiyaye shanu: abin da zabi?

Hanyar kiyaye shanu ta amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban na aikin kungiyar, milking, ciyar, taki ne a kayyade factor a cikin aikace-aikace na daban-daban fasahar na shanu nama da madara. Domin madara samar ne mafi m stanchion, da rashin amfani da za a iya dangana tabarbarewar a aiki yawan aiki, mai wahala na haifuwa, rashin aiki wasan motsa jiki dabbobi. Wannan fasahar Cow bukatar kadan bene sarari, facilitates aikin na dabbobi, shi damar don ciyar da dabbobi akayi daban-daban.

Lokacin da sako-sako da gidaje babu bukatar ga wani babban yawan ma'aikata, da dabbobi rayayye motsi, ciyar daga kowa Feeder. Wahalad da aikin na dabbobi da dabbobi: suna bukatar karin mataki don samar da kiwon lafiya da kuma hanyoyin da rikodin kiyaye haifuwa.