Diphyllobothriasis: cututtuka a cikin mutane da kuma lura regimen

Diphyllobothriasis ne a parasitic cuta, tare da wani primary rauni daga cikin gabobin na narkewa kamar fili, kazalika da megaloblastic anemia. Its activator ne kusa tapeworm - a tapeworm (D.latum), wanda zai iya zama har zuwa 10 m da kasa da 10 jinsunan HALITTAR Diphyllobothrium karatu Diphyllobothrium.

A Sanadin cutar

Kamuwa da mutum diphyllobothriasis faruwa da cin infested arancinsu bi thermal Hanyar ko talauci salted kifi kayayyakin, da kuma ma lokacin da yankan da kifi da kuma tarbiyyar da kasa ingancin glassware bayan shi. Cikinsa da ingress da tsutsotsi a cikin jikin mutum ya auku, bisa ga dogon sarkar.

A Hanyar sharing diphyllobothriosis

Tapeworm qwai da girma a cikin sabo ruwa tare da yawan zafin jiki na 10-20 ° C for game da wata daya. Sa'an nan, su rabu da koraditsii-tãyuna, wanda a nuna an ci abinci kananan crustaceans, msl, copepods. Wannan - plerocercoids - a farko karewa kamuwa da cuta a da larvae an kafa helminth. Sa'an nan na biyu lokaci, a lokacin da ruwa tare kifi kamar Pike, dab, perch, bano, kifi et al., Cin crustaceans da kuma ta jiki larvae kammala su ci gaba zuwa mataki na balagagge samfurori. Kuma kawai bayan da tsutsotsi sami su tabbatacce rundunar da kuma, daidai da, tushen kamuwa da cuta - da mutum, ko, a kalla, wakilin kifi-cin dabbobi kamar alade, fox, bear, hatimi, da dai sauransu. Yana da yake a jikinsu riga balagagge m helminth qwai wanda zo daga lokacin defecation da dubagari fall to sabo da ruwa, lokacin da na fara wani sabon sarkar da kamuwa da cuta.

Parasitizing hanji m tapeworm kunshi dama dubban segments (proglottids) dauke da qwai, kuma da tabbaci a haɗe da ganuwar bayarwa kananan hanji via biyu slits (bothria) located a kai ƙarshensa. Ko da yake m tsawon wani lokacin kai mita 10, akwai lokuta a lõkacin da wata jikin mutum zamani da dama tsutsotsi.

Location yaduwar cutar

mutum Diphyllobothriasis mafi kowa daga mazauna yankunan da temperate sanyi canjin yanayin, inda yawan ne babban abinci da kifi da kuma ta Roe. Haka kuma cutar na faruwa a kasashen Turai, musamman a Scandinavia, Japan, South America, Afrika, Amurka, Canada, da kuma Rasha.

Pathogenesis da Pathologic hoto diphyllobothriasis

Da zarar a cikin jikin mutum, a tapeworm exerts a pathogenic sakamako inji, mai guba da kuma rashin lafiyan da neuro-reflex yanayi. Da fari dai, shi ne ƙeta da na hanji mucosa bothria lokacin da a haɗe zuwa ganuwar da helminth. Wannan results a atrophy da necrosis daga cikin mucosa. m rayuwa kayayyakin tsokane autosensibilizatsionnye tafiyar matakai. Ya lura da wani gagarumin na ciki gipoavitaminoz folic acid da kuma bitamin B12, wanda tare da kayayyakin da kwayoyin maye m rayuwa a cikin 2% tsokani megaloblastic anemia. Duration na kamuwa da cuta ne har zuwa shekaru goma.

cututtuka diphyllobothriasis

Daga 20 zuwa kwanaki 60 - irin shiryawa zamani yana bothriocephaliasis cututtuka a cikin mutane fara bayyana ne kawai bayan wannan lokaci. A lokacin wannan lokaci tsutsotsi zama jima'i balagagge tsari, a haɗe da hanji bango da kuma fara aiki. Diphyllobothriasis fara bayyana kanta a hankali. Tashin zuciya, belching da amai, na ciki distention, zafi a cikin epigastric zafi, matalauta ci, tashin hankali na wata kujera - duk tare da farkon bayyanar cututtuka bothriocephaliasis. mutumin da photo diphyllobothriasis a baya mataki zai kokari ne su dace da shi tare da alama pallor na fata da kuma mucous membranes, da haƙuri zai sha wahala daga gajiya, juwa ko jiri, wani rauni, ciki zafi, paresthesia, hepatosplenomegaly, Achille, fashe harshe (daga baya na harshe zama m).

Ya lura tachycardia, hypotension, drowsiness, systolic murmurs a koli, da amon saman. Laboratory jini gwaje-gwaje mai yiwuwa kamuwa da marasa lafiya nuna da wadannan hoto: rage haemoglobin, low yawan ja da maikacin jini, kara a kai tsaye bilirubin, high launi index, neutropenia, leukocytosis, dagagge ESR. A mataki na tsanani daga anemia, kazalika da tsananin cutar rinjayar da tsanani helminthic infestations, gaban concomitant cututtuka, jimlar juriya na jiki, da inganci da yawa daga abinci cinye.

Ga mai tsanani diphyllobothriasis myelosis halayyar funicular, wanda aka bayyana, a take hakkin da zurfin ji na ƙwarai, kafa wani rauni, Heart paresthesia. A wasu marasa lafiya, da fata bayyana rashin lafiyan rashes (amya), ƙaruwa a cikin adadin hanta da saifa. A rare lokuta gyarawa epileptoformnye (apnea) seizures, numbness da wata gabar jiki, unsteady tafiya. Waɗannan su ne bothriocephaliasis yana da tsanani cututtuka da kuma lura da wannan cuta ya kamata a fara nan da nan bayan ganewar asali. Long tsawon diphyllobothriosis sa ileus.

Duk da haka, shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa bothriocephaliasis, da bayyanar cututtuka na wanda an hada da wani m tsararru na ailments wani lokacin yana da cikakken latent (asymptomatic) ga wata cuta a cikin abin da kamuwa da cuta da aka gano kawai tare da samu daga m a cikin tumbi, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa.

ganewar asali diphyllobothriasis

Dalili ga ganewar asali "bothriocephaliasis mutumin" ne haƙuri gunaguni, kuma m dakin gwaje-gwaje da bincike data. Ake zargi da laifi cuta zai iya bauta wa eosinophilia a cikin jini (ga 'yan mamayar), da kuma thrombocytopenia da leukopenia, dagagge erythrocyte sedimentation kudi da kuma hyperchromic anemia. A halayyar alama da cuta ne rubuta megaloblastic hematopoiesis. A analysis nuna babban yawan matasa siffofin erythrocytes (megaloblasts, normoblasts, polychromatophilia, poikilocytes da dai sauransu). A manyan rawa a cikin ganewar asali taka ANNOBA tarihi: facts haƙuri ta zauna a cikin wadan yankin, cin raw ruwa tare kifi ko salted arancinsu caviar. Amma da karshe analysis aka sanya kawai a lokacin da haƙuri da stool bincike ya nuna cewa shi ya ƙunshi qwai ko segments na m tapeworm.

Akwai lokuta inda marasa lafiya bi, ya lura da jẽfo wani ɓaɓɓake daga m, a nasu tumbi.

Yana da muhimmanci kada su dame anemia Addison-Birmera da bothriocephaliasis, waxanda suke da matukar kama da cututtuka. Don wannan karshen, ɗauke da ciki abinda ke ciki for gaban factor Castle mãsu fakowa anemia.

Diphyllobothriasis: magani

Idan wani haƙuri ne suka kamu da "bothriocephaliasis" magani ne da za'ayi nan da nan a cikin asibiti. A tsanani anemia kafin vyvedeniiyu helminth hanyoyin bitamin sanya kudi (B12, folic acid, baƙin ƙarfe). Vitamin B12 da aka gudanar a matsayin intramuscular injections na 200-500 MG 2 ko sau 3 a mako. A tsawon lokaci da bitamin far ne kwanaki 30.

Domin degelmentizatsii amfani da kwayoyi kamar "biltricid", "Praziquantel", "Niclosamide" ko "Azinoks". "Fenasal" da miyagun ƙwayoyi kuma za a iya amfani da su cire m. All kwayoyi suna ingested baki da kuma samun paralyzing sakamako na helminth. A sakamakon haka, wannan m hasarar da ikon da za a kiyaye shi a cikin hanji da kuma fitar. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a wannan hanya, cewa tapeworm zo fita gaba daya. Domin cimma karshe sakamakon iya tsarkakewa enema hanji.

A tasiri irin wannan miyagun ƙwayoyi jiyya ne game da 95%, a rare lokuta, rikitarwa ileus, degelmentizatsiya yi surgically. Marasa lafiya tare da ganewar asali "bothriocephaliasis", wanda aka samu nasarar bi da dehelminthization mataki Saide a dispensary kallo tare da shan fecal analysis wata-wata na tsawon watanni shida.

jama'a magunguna

A jama'a magani domin fitar da tsutsotsi suna al'ada amfani da kabewa tsaba da kuma wani decoction daga gare su. Suman tsaba, raw ko bushe, triturated da ruwa da zuma da kuma dauki a wani adadin na 300 g. azumi portionwise fiye da awa daya. Wannan hanya da aka kammala fafitikar da wani batu kamar mutum bothriocephaliasis. Reviews na nasara degelmentizatsii amfani da kabewa tsaba ba da damar tabbatar da tasiri na wannan hanya.

Rage cin abinci, Nutrition

A lokacin jiyya, da mãsu haƙuri dole bi zuwa diphyllobothriasis sunã rãyar da abinci dake zame abinci da ake irritating ga mucous membrane daga cikin mataki na hanji bango. Advantageously hada a rage cin abinci abinci tare da babban abun ciki na bitamin B12, da kuma folic acid.

Musamman a yara

Tsutsa infestation yara canjawa wuri da yawa wa mutum bayyanar cututtuka na anemia da kuma bitamin ƙarara a cikin matasa marasa lafiya bayyana more sama-sama.

rigakafin diphyllobothriasis

Idan ka - a lover of ruwa tare kifi da kuma rayuwa a arewacin yankunan kusa da gawarwakin na ruwa, domin kada su kama a ƙugiya domin wannan m cuta kamar yadda bothriocephaliasis mutum, da rigakafin da shi ya zama your mulkin rayuwa №1.

Don kauce wa kamuwa da cuta diphyllobothriasis kamata ci ruwa tare kifi kawai Da kyau dafa shi, kazalika da ta high quality salted caviar kawai. Wajibi ne a tsananin tsayar da dokoki na kiwon lafiya a lokacin da kifi yankan da kuma dafa abinci daga gare shi.

Ya kamata ka san cewa a lokacin da Zasole kifi, dangane da gishiri taro, da larvae mutu kawai bayan 2-7 kwanaki. helminth qwai a lokacin brining maruƙa mutu a cikin rabin awa a 10% taro sulusi da murabba'i na gishiri a dangane da nauyi na qwai. Idan gishiri ne 5%, da samfurin zama hadari ga ci yana da ba a baya fiye da 6 hours, a 3% - ba a baya fiye da bayan kwana biyu.

helminth larvae an kuma kashe karkashin zurfi daskare (for 2-4 kwana a -18 ° C, daya mako a zazzabi na -6 ° C).

Lokacin da ganewar asali na haƙuri, shi ne ya zama wajibi don gano duk 'yan iyalinsa, saboda a wannan harka su ne a hadarin.

Duniya guda sikelin domin rage yiwuwar kamuwa da cuta ya zama m yawan matsakaici dako a kududdufai da rage ko kawar sallama na faeces a tabkuna da koguna, da tabbatar da tsafta monitoring na tsari, kazalika da janar jihar na Coast, rairayin bakin teku da kuma kifi kayayyakin shigar da abinci Enterprises masana'antu da kuma shagunan. Ya kamata a hankali da sanya idanu a kiwon lafiya cibiyoyin irin cuta muhimmi da ya faru a matsayin bothriocephaliasis bayyanar cututtuka. Jiyya tare da tabbatarwa daga cikin ganewar asali ya kamata a fara nan da nan, kuma da m rajistan shiga na duk 'yan uwa ga gaban kamuwa da cuta.

Musamman a ciki da kuma lactating

Parasitic infestation, - wato, bitamin, ƙarara, kuma anemia a lõkacin da ta wakiltar wani babban hatsari ga nan gaba kiwon lafiya na tsohuwarsa, da kuma ga fetal ci gaba. Mata masu ciki da ya zama musamman da hankali, cin kifi da caviar. Yana da muhimmanci kada su miss da farko alamun cutar kamar su kifi, tapeworm cuta, da bayyanar cututtuka na wanda za saukin zama kuskure domin alamu na yawan guba (preeclampsia), da kuma nema masa agajin gaggawa shugabanci a kan awon gwaji stool for gaban tsutsa qwai a cikinsa.

Jiyya na da cuta a cikin mata masu juna biyu ne da za'ayi ta, hadari ga kiwon lafiya na haifa ba. Saboda haka, domin degelmentizatsii ciki da kuma lactating mata ba rubũta irin kwayoyi a matsayin "biltricid" da kuma amfani da wani hadari jama'a magani - kabewa tsaba. A wasu lokuta, masu jego da ganewar asali "bothriocephaliasis mutumin" magani bayar da shawarar samar da hanyar da samun a diphyllobothriasis misali magani da kuma grudnichka canjawa wuri zuwa kwalban ciyar.