Dozin - shi ne nawa? harka tarihi

Idan muka juya zuwa gargajiya adabi, a tabbatar da fuska da kalmar "dozin". Wannan shi ne nawa? Kuma za a iya dauke da dozin? Nawa da dozin guda, an san daidai. Goma sha biyu. Kuma za ka iya count da dama, wani daga cikin wannan irin yadda mai rai abubuwa, kuma ba daga nau'i-nau'i daga safa zuwa kaji.

A tarihin wannan kalma a cikin Rasha harshen

A karo na farko a cikin wani dozin Rasha harshen bayyana a cikin Bitrus ta lokacin, wato, a cikin marigayi goma sha bakwai - farkon goma sha takwas ƙarni. Asali, kalmar bayyana a cikin lexicon na matuƙan, amma sai yadu ko'ina. Shi ne ba daga yin amfani, da kuma tambaya "dozin - shi ne nawa?" daya tsaya cak yayin ba da. Sets, misali, zuwa wannan rana yi dozin ko rabin dozin mutane. Bisa ga al'adar rabin dozin fakitin giya, salkunan ruwan inabi, qwai da kuma sauran kayayyakin abinci.

Kafin zuwan da awo tsarin matakan dauke da dama na raba abubuwa tabbatar da zama musamman m. Kuma ba kawai abubuwa. 1 dozin - shi ne yadda mutane da yawa watanni a shekara. Akwai wani matsaloli da kuma domin lissafa rabin dozin, na uku ko kwata kamar goma sha biyu da kuma daidai divisible cikin biyu, da uku-uku, da huɗu, da kuma shida. A dozin kuma sami yardar da Church, domin tare da togiya na Yahuza, cewa shi ne kawai cikin sha biyun nan. Amma idan kun jũya, kuma manzo-m, ka samu wani tuya ta dozin, ko 13, wanda aka dauke da har yanzu a matsayin wani m lambar kuma duk abin da aka kada ku rarraba.

Amma baya ga asalin kalma. Ana sa jayayya tsakanin masana kimiyya. Idan ka tambaye su sami irin wannan kalmomin a cikin wasu harsuna, sakamakon zai zama mai ban mamaki. Wannan kalma ne ma a Faransa, da kuma Italiyanci, kuma akwai shi yana nufin da goma sha biyu. Babu shakka, kuma ta asalin daga hade da Latin adadi "biyu" da kuma "goma". Bayan da dozin - shi ne nawa? Goma sha biyu.

Amma, misali, a cikin harshen Turanci da dozin suna nufin "mai yawa", "nauyi". A dozin English fi'ili, kuma ya aikata ne "mai ban mamaki, mai ban mamaki." Kamar yadda ka gani, wannan yana da kadan da ya yi tare da takamaiman adadi.

Bugu da kari, idan muka yi kokarin nemo kalmomi da suke da irin wannan a cikin sauti zuwa "dozin" a cikin Rasha harshen, babu makawa zo a wata "hefty" da "sdyuzhil", "fice." A karshe, haƙĩƙa, ba shi da wani dangane da adadi. A cikin Tsohon Rasha harshen wanzu da kalmar "Ka ba" - "ba" da kuma "baka" - "ƙarfi." Kuma sanannun kalmar "retinue" ne ma a bit kamar "dozin". Wannan, ba shakka, an lura philologist. A dangantaka ta kai tsaye ne da wuya a samu, amma idan ka yi tunani game da shi, jimlar dukan sama kalmomi akwai.

Bayyana version, cewa watakila saboda maganar da muke da su gode ba kawai Romawa, amma kuma Slavs. Yana iya zaci cewa da kalmar "dozin" asali tsaya ga wani jam'iyya, wanda ke da isasshen ƙarfi to da wani abu to jimre. Ko watakila a dozin - wani yawan abubuwa, gama hadaya na kyauta. A wannan version, akwai wani dabaru. Inda ba zai iya rike mutum daya, goma sha biyu ne da iya yin wani abu. A kyauta za ta taimaka yadda za a magance matsalar da kuma nuna ikon da dũkiya da bayarwa. Wannan version, bayyana, musamman, philologist Yuri Anisimov, ma, na da hakkin ya wanzu.