Dutsen Qomolangma: location da kuma tsarawa

A hanyar da mafi tsawo dutsen bel duniya tattaka ta hanyar dukan na Eurasia. Ya dauki baya ga kafa na Faransa Alps, kara zuwa bude sarari na Kudu Vietnam. Highest dutsen sarkar kashin gigantic gane Himalayas.

Majestic dutse kamar wani fuskantar petrified kalaman, wanda aka ɗauke shi zuwa sama. Dagi wata tãguwa, daskarewa a cikin dutse, aka lashe ta Himalayas Great. A cikin babban Himalayan range, mikawa tare da borderland na Tibet da kuma Nepal, ya koma 11 vertices. Kowane dutse da kewayon can yana a wuce haddi na 8000 mita.

Historical sunayen daga cikin mafi girman dutsen kewayon

A nan, a cikin "mazaunin madawwami snow" a ƙasar China, shi mĩƙe Dutsen Qomolangma - mafi girma na Himalayan "takwas-thousanders" kewayo. A giant duwãtsu, tashin gwauron zabi a cikin sama a wani m tsawo, akwai biyu sunayen. Nepal mazauna suna da shi Sagarmatha - "Ubangijin sama."

Tibet kira Chomolungma saman (a translation - "Goddess na Duniya"). Domin Turawa, shi ne - ganiya Dutsen Everest. Su suna dutsen haka a lokacin da Indiya da aka fuskantar wani zamanin mulkin mallaka, karkiyar Great Britain, da kuma topographical sabis na bautar jihar karkashin jagorancin Major D. Everest, wanda ya yi karatu da imbin dutsen tsarin.

Top na duniya

Himalayan massif aka dauke su na musamman da wuri. A wannan m kusurwa ne kafofin na Indus da ganges. Sin Dutsen Qomolangma da ta high matsayi da aka sani tun kafin mutane na New World. Tibet da sufaye a arewacin gindin "saman sama," kafa wani sufi Ronkbuk aiki a yau.

Kafin mutum ta ciki cloister tsakar gida ji dadin wani m gani - da m dutsen jeri na ban mamaki kyakkyawa. A girmamãwa daga cikin grand ganiya da aka ji daga dutsen kafa dab da su suna da yawa kilomita bãya.

samuwar Everest

Himalayan iyaka, bisa ga geologists, aka kafa a zamanin d ¯ nahiyar Gondwana tsaga. Ɓangaren duniya m a kan farantin. Indian farantin motsi a cikin wani northerly shugabanci, gudu a cikin Eurasian guntu. A shiga na zone farantin an matsawa na ɓawon burodi da kuma samuwar babbar folds, wanda ya kira Himalayas.

Himalayan dutsen tsarin kafa uku grand mataki da cewa yada daga arewa zuwa kudu. Da karami tsawo "predgimalai" kudu kafa mataki. A tsawo daga cikin ridges ne game da 1000 m.

Middle mataki ne iri-iri, tanã fita zuwa 3500 m. A arewacin tsawo na kololuwa ne a cikin kewayon 6000-8000 m. Da nisa daga dutsen jeri 80-90 km.

A ci gaba da Himalayan dutsen iyaka ba dakatar da har yanzu. Masana kimiyya ya tabbatar da cewa da tsawo daga cikin Himalayas na karuwa a kowace shekara ta 3-10 mm. A dutsen iyaka ne 75 kololuwa cewa ƙetare tsawo na 7000 mita. Nepalese Himalayas dauke da mafi.

Kuma a sama da dukan ridges hau Dutsen Qomolangma. Ina ta saman? Yana hasumiyai a kan m al'arshi na Sin. The girma ganiya Dutsen Everest aka kewaye da sauran giant kololuwa cewa samar da wata real "rufin duniya" da cewa riƙe sammai sama da ƙasa.

Dutsen Everest

Mountain ganiya, da nuna alfahari billowing up daga madawwami snows na Himalayas, janyo hankalin masu yawon shakatawa girma da kuma jan kyakkyawa. A yawa na masu hawa yin mafarki na mamaya da m gangara na grand massif samar da wata uku-gefe dala. Cin Nasara su wuya dutsen hanyoyi mikewa 8.848 mita (wannan shi ne tsawo daga Dutsen Qomolangma) - a matsayin girmamawa!

A daidai tsawo na ganiya kafa Birtaniya surveyors a 1852. Tun daga nan Kanmu yawa yunkurin da zai sun ƙaryata game da primacy na Everest. Duk da haka, da suka akai-akai debunked domin su duk sun gaza.

Duk da yake da girma daga cikin high kololuwa cewa yin duniya dutsen gidaje biyayya hawa zuwa "seventhousander" da "guda takwas-thousanders", wanda kafa Dutsen Qomolangma, Everest, idan kuka so, da masu hawa bai san yadda za a kusanci.

Climate Everest

A steepness na kudancin kafaɗar mai yawa fiye da sauran biyu. A snow ba zauna a kan shi, don haka a gaban matafiya bayyana tsiraici dutse. Sauran gangara rufe glaciers, mikewa har zuwa 5000 mita.

Tantancewa da lura na Mount Qomolangma, yawon bude ido gane cewa sauyin yanayi a cikin "saman duniya" yana da nisa daga dadi. Lokacin da dutsen kewayon buga fitar da hadari, ya kasance a cikin expanses matukar hatsari. Ma'aunin zafi da sanyio tsaya a nan ba a nan a kusa da -60 ⁰ C, da kuma iska shẽwa a gudun 200 km / h.

hawa Everest

Magnetic Pull na Duniya ta tsororuwar ne kafiri. Hawan shekara bayan shekara, an aika zuwa Gabas, inda Dutsen Qomolangma aka located, inda tip ta giant kololuwa sokin girgije. Da jaraba cinye saman ne mai girma, amma ta iya kai wa gare hadin kai.

Everest falsafa mai tsanani. A hanya zuwa ganiya da ya yi umurni da waɗanda fidgety da kuma m, unprincipled kuma m. Ya sau da yawa take kaiwa zuwa bala'i a gare su. A farko climbers fara hawa a alfijir na XX karni, sha wahala a fiasco saboda matalauta kayan aiki. Domin da farko lokacin da Dutsen Qomolangma aka hõre mutane a 1953.

Hawan ci gaba da gasa a wahala hawa Dutsen Everest. Wasu kokarin hawa da garin kankara gangara a hunturu. Sauran nufin hawa zuwa saman ki kama oxygen. Emancipated mata, da ha a wani rukuni, kokarin shawo kan hanya mai wahala ba tare da maza.

Duk da haka, da mamaki da duk cire kawai Reinhold Messner. Kangararrun Dutsen Qomolangma bayar da shi tare da mai yalwar jinƙai - to sa da dama records a lokaci! Ya aka hawa kadai a arewacin kafaɗar babu oxygen, ta rinjãya hau zuwa saman for 3 days. A shekarar 1992, a ganiya haura 32 climbers a Rasha tawagar "Lada-Everest".

Hawa na karshe lokaci

da balaguro ta samu nasara ya dogara ba kawai a kan ingancin kayan aiki, kamar yadda a kan sauyin yanayi, wanda kayyade latitud da longitude Dutsen Qomolangma (27 ° 59'17 "p. m., 86 ° 55'31" a. e.), kazalika da rufinta. Bugu da kari, masu hawa su yi nasara tsawo ciwo, abin da ke faruwa a high injin iska.

Don cinye ganiya shekara aiko game da 500 yawon bude ido. Gwamnatin kasar Sin da Nepal ne ba ƙi aikatãwa ga dama da hawa da gangara na cikin matsananci kololuwa. Yanzu kusan duk hawan da za'ayi a kan wani ciniki akai. Yawon bude ido yarda in na musamman kamfanonin shirya dawo a ganiya Mount Everest.

Professional Yanã shiryar da zai bi matafiya zuwa saman. Service halin kaka hawa 65 000 daloli. Wannan adadin ya hada da horo, da arziki na da ake buƙata kayan aiki da kuma tsaro (zuwa mutuža yiwu) zuwa aiki-m dutsen hanya. Domin acclimatization da kuma hawan daukan game da 2 watanni.