Fenta Diego Rivera: biography, kerawa, na sirri rayuwa

Mexican artist Diego Rivera, wanda biography ne cike da mai saɓani events da kuma facts, shi ne daya daga cikin mafi rigima da kuma shahararren al'adu Figures na Mexico. Aikinsa, ra'ayin siyasa, da kuma na sirri rayuwa sun kasance a cikin Haske for farkon rabin karni na ashirin kuma har yanzu ana tattauna.

Shimfiɗar jariri, da kuma samartaka na artist

Wannan artist muralist, wani sauyi da kuma hallakar da mace zukãtansu, haife 8 Disamba 1886 a Mexico garin Guanajuato. Ya ya zama kafa na Mexico National School of zanen da gubar sukar cikin wani haukata mix na styles. Yaron ba su sãɓã ba lafiya mai kyau, shi da aka yayatawa cewa kamar yadda yaro ya arko. Diego Rivera ya m na gaya labarai, amma an san cewa a 1893 iyalinsa mayar da su cikin al'umma ta birnin kasar - Mexico City. Bayan shekaru 5, nasarar sauke karatu daga makaranta, matasa artist shiga Academy of Arts na San Carlos. Wannan ma'aikata ba da saurayi mai kyau ilimi haka cewa a kan ta ƙarshe, ya ya iya samun wani malanta. Mu kame da dama, sai ya tafi a kan tafiya zuwa Spain. Sa'an nan, ya ziyarci Ingila, Belgium, Holland da kuma Italiya.

Personal rai "nyamnyam"

Ga wani m soyayya ga mata, kuma m links Diego Rivera an lakabi da "da nyamnyam". Shi da kansa ya na son su nuna kansa a matsayin wani babban rana kafa matsawa a wani ta zuciya. Halitta cikar kuma nauyi eyelids yi kama ko da zahiri m. Kwatanta sirri rai na artist-tawayen, yawanci magana game da aure to Fridoy Karlo. Amma ta ba da farko, amma ma fiye da haka da kawai mace a cikin rayuwar mahalicci. Da farko da matasa aure Diego Rivera shiga da wani m soyayya ga Rasha artist Angelina Belova a 1911. Suna da wani ɗã. Amma damu tare da m sha'awa da kuma betrayals miji ya bar Angelina, ya tafi zuwa Mexico. Wani short-rayu aure ƙare da dangantaka da Lupe Marin. The Union ya kasance hayayyafa, kuma ya ba da duniya 'ya'ya mata biyu.

Wife da kuma aboki

By 1929, a lokacin da na biyu aure ya fashe, ya sadu da mace daga gidansa rayuwa - Frida Carlo. Diego Rivera aure da wata yarinya yawa matasa, fiye da shi. A 1939, akwai wani saki, amma a 1940 da suka kasance sunã yi aure sake. A tsawon rayuwar, Rivera ya zauna Macho da m lover of mata. Ya canza matansa, mistresses, suka haife wa shege yara.

Relationship Diego kuma Frida kasance cike da so, kauna, da kishi, da kuma wani lokacin jiki zagi. Frida da matuƙar haƙuri da bi da su da antics mijinta azzaluman da gunki, rubuta da yawa daga cikin hotuna. Amma a lokacin da ya canja Frida da ita kansa yar'uwarsa iya daina gafarta, da kuma ta 1939 da dangantakar m up. Bada jimawa ba, mijin kansa batanci ga neman saki, suka roƙe matarsa ta dawo da shi a kan wani sharuddan. Ya bayar ta da kudi abun ciki da kuma ya ba ta babban bukatar. A yanayin da sake yin aure ya sanya hannu na auren, samar da wani cikakken kin amincewa da jima'i tsakanin maza. A cikin sirri rai zauna alwatika Diego Rivera, matar kuma farka.

A cikin biyu da 'ya'ya, 2 Frida ciki ya ƙare a cikin ashara. A 1954, Rivera ya zama gwauro, kuma daga baya ya bayyana a kan zato cewa ya taimaka wa matarsa su mutu, amma yana da kome fiye da jita-jita,. Har na karshe biyu na kwanaki hada kwaminisanci ra'ayoyi da kuma tattaunawa tare da shahararren Rasha yan siyasa.

Artist a siyasa

Tun da farkon 30-ies na Diego Rivera zama da undisputed shugaban daga cikin Mexican muralist. Shi ne daya daga cikin mafi shahara da kuma rigima artists, siyasa nuna juyayi ga kwaminisanci, tursasawa monumental murals, m m ayyuka da kuma rayuwar zamantakewa halitta bayyanar da baiwa. Da kafa haifi wani sabon art motsi karni na ashirin da suna ƙara ja hankalin na duniya al'umma.

Monumental halarta a karon a America za a gudanar a 1930, a Birnin San Francisco, da kuma a watan Disamba 1931 tare da m albarku gudanar da solo nuni. A cikin dukan tarihin gidan kayan gargajiya, shi ne na biyu nuni da wannan marubucin. A farko wannan girmamawa bayar da Anri Matiss. Bayan nuni da artist aika zuwa Detroit, inda yake da kaina gayyace Edsel Ford. A nan, a cikin zuciya na masana'antu America tunani da artist Diego Rivera samu wani domin gudanar da murals ga Art Cibiyar a kan taken "Detroit Industry". Henry Ford da wani suna na unyielding anti-kwaminis. A lokacin daga shekara ta 1929 zuwa 1930 a Skoda shuke-shuke zauna m dama dubu wasan. Shi ne m cewa, duk da wannan, Diego Rivera, to matsayi da kanta a matsayin wani jirgin saman soja domin hakkokin proletarita, yarda da oda da kuma biya a tycoon.

Sashe na daga cikin mural tare da mãkirci abun da ke ciki "Alurar riga kafi" jũna a tunani da iconography na Nativity, kuma wannan tsokani iskar haushinka da zanga-zanga a cikin latsa kuma addini da'irori da Moore. M rawa a cikin al'umma ya zama wani na game bangaren na frescoes sa'an nan ya kawo Detroit m ɗaukaka.

Man a MAGAMA

A ra'ayin siyasa na artist nuna a cikin aikinsa da kuma wani lokacin sa m rikice-rikice da abokan ciniki. A mural "Man a tsaka-tsaki, neman tare da bege ga zabin da wani sabon da kuma makoma" shi ne dalilin da daya daga cikin wadannan lokuta. Aiki a kan shi ya fara a watan Maris 1933. The muhawara faru a mataki na zabin panel, da kuma kyakkyawan zama canza launin mural a nema daga marubucin. Yana kunshi sassa uku. A cikin cibiyar akwai mutumin - master na abubuwa. Kamar yadda aikin na mural ya zama mafi hadaddun kuma a sakamakon wata biyu halittu juxtaposed. A daya hannun dãɗi daga gurguzanci, a kan sauran - munin tsarin jari-hujja. Daga cikin haruffa ko da bayyana wasu, sosai kama da Lenin. A mural ya za a gabatar da su ga jama'a a lokacin bude ginin Rockefeller Cibiyar May 1, 1933. Amma duk abin da aka girma kunya ba bari wannan ya faru, kuma duk da cewa da Rockefeller iyali aka duba yiwuwar zabin ajiye murali waje da ginin, an yanke shawarar halaka shi. Da shi shi ne babbar shan kashi a aikin na Rivera da kuma siyasa.

Tasiri a kan art duniya

"Diego ya ba ni tashin hankali. Ya ba sama da daukaka, fifita su yi abin da ya ke yi a yanzu "- don haka ya yi magana game da kusa aboki Alfonso Reyes. A miƙa mulki ga Cubism gagarumin for Diego Rivera. Zanen "The girmama na Virgin" da kuma "The yarinya da 'ya'yan itace" gani marubucin motsi a cikin wannan shugabanci. A fasalin na kwanan nan aikin da aka maras kyau fahimtar sarari, ko nisa daga cubism. A dukan ayyukan, da artist ta girmamawa a kan motsi da kuma richness na wuri mai faɗi.

Gagarumin tasiri a kan samuwar Diego Rivera ya mai gargajiya Turai style of zanen. Wannan murals lokaci XIV - XVI ƙarni ba yawa abinci ga tunani da kuma gudummawar da nasarar frescoes Diego. An fara daga 1940, sai ya samu babba nasara a fresco, don haka abin da ya aka kira su zuwa ga yin aiki a World Nunin a San Francisco, da kuma daga baya ya zo da gwamnatin fenti da National Palace a Mexico City.

Gamawa na hanyar

Diego Rivera ya mutu a kan Nuwamba 24, 1957 a Mexico City, aka binne shi a cikin Rotunda shahara artists. Ya ya saba ko'ina. Tare da shirye su gudanar da wani umarni na arzikin masu arziki, sunã tasbĩhi gurguzanci, manne ga kwaminisanci views. Ya ƙaunar mata, amma ya hallaka su ƙaddara da kuma rayuwa tare da wannan bege tare da fentin da hotuna. Diego Rivera, da style of abin da bã ya da kuma bayan, bai iya maimaita daya daga cikin artists wanda ya bar baya da yawa fake da asirai cewa da dama ƙarni ba zai isa a warware su.

Bayan ritaya yana da shekaru shekaru 70, ya tsira kawai da ya ƙaunataccen matarsa - Frida kuma bar wani m wasiyya a cikin tarihi, al'adu, siyasa, da kuma zukãtan waɗanda suka kaunace shi.