Frederic Chopin: tarihin rayuwar daya daga cikin mafi kyau composers na XIX karni

F. Chopin, biography wanda a yau shi ne batun da muke zance - wannan talented Yaren mutanen Poland mawaki kuma pianist. Frederick aka haife Maris 1, 1810, a wani gari kusa da Warsaw. Musical giftedness yaro bayyana a farkon yara: a cikin shekaru shida, ya ji dadin wasa da Piano, kokarin tsara music da kansa. Muhimmiyar rawa a cikin wannan da aka buga da malaminsa, W. Zhivny.

Nazarin da kuma farkon hanya

Lokacin da Frederick ya 8, ya farko a bainar jama'a ya yi magana a matsayin pianist. A wannan lokacin, Chopin, wanda biography a matsayin mawaki yana farawa sosai da wuri, ya riga ya rubuta da dama kwaikwaiyo, polonaises, kuma daya daga cikin zanga.

Daga 1823 zuwa 1826 ya yi karatu a Warsaw Frederic makarantar sakandare, kuma nan da nan iya shigar da Warsaw Higher School of Music. Kusan duk yayin da ya shawarta ya J. Elsner, talented malami da kuma mawaki. Tare da taimakonsa, Chopin ya rubuta farko da manyan ayyuka, a cikinsu - Bambance-bambance a kan wani Theme da Mozart, 1st Sonata, Nocturne a E qananan, tilawa (ciki har da tilawa ga biyu pianos ..).

Da ciwon ya gama karatu, Frederick aika zuwa Vienna (1829), wanda ya yi aikin da ayyukansu ga jama'a. A shekara daga baya, a Warsaw domin shi ne kai-shirya shagali alama farkon jerin solo wasanni.

Viennese lokaci

Next Chopin, wanda biography, kuma har yanzu ya kasance da batun binciken da yawa masu bincike, ya koma a wasu lokaci a Vienna (1830-1831). Ga rayuwa a zahiri fara tafasa kewaye da shi: da wani matashi mawaki halartan wani iri-iri kide, ya gana da manyan malaman na music duniya na wannan zamani, ziyartar sinimomi, shi ne na yau da kullum a cikin kyakkyawan kewaye da birnin. Wannan yanayi ya yale shi ya gano su, talanti a wani sabon hanya, da kuma ingiza shi zuwa ga mutane da yawa nagargarun ayyuka. Kaka 1831 Frederick gana a Stuttgart. A nan ne ta riske shi labarai na gazawar da tawaye a Poland da kuma faduwar Warsaw. Gamsu da masifu na mawaki ya rubuta daga baya ake kira "sauyi" Etude a C qananan, kazalika da biyu musamman mai ban tausayi prelude - D qananan kuma A qananan. Jerin ayyukan da ya yi kuma ƙara da 'yan kide na piano da kuma ƙungiyar makaɗa, Polonaise for Cello da Piano, Polish songs ga maganar Mickiewicz da Witwicki da kuma wasu masu ban mamaki qagaggun.

Tsayayyar rai a Paris

A gaba muhimmanci mataki, wanda faruwa Frederic Chopin, wanda biography ya riga ya bar ta alama a cikin tarihi na Vienna - shi ke rayuwa a Paris. A nan ne da mawaki kuma mawaki ya fara a hankali hulɗa tare da Liszt, Bellini, Berlioz, Mendelssohn. Duk da haka, cikin kewayon ya sadarwar da aka ba iyakance ga music masana'antu. Frederick ma farin ciki don sadarwa tare da talented marubuta da kuma artists goge - Hugo, Balzac, Lamartine, Heine, Delacroix, George Sand. Fabrairu 26, 1832, na farko mawaki concert a Paris, a lokacin da shi da aka yi da wake-wake na biyu pianos, kazalika da bambancin kan jigo na Mozart ta "Don Giovanni."

A manyan yawan kide faru a 1833-1835 gg. Amma lokacin daga 1836 zuwa 1837 sun hukunci a cikin sirri rai na mawaki: da alkawari daga Maria Vodzinskiy aka narkar da, da kuma Chopin sanya abokai da George Sand.

"Golden" lokaci a cikin tarihi na Chopin ta kerawa

A mafi flowering na kerawa Chopin fara 1838-1846 shekaru. A mafi m da kuma ban sha'awa daga cikin ayyukansa da aka rubuta a wannan lokaci. Daga gare su, - .. Sonata № 2 da kuma № 3, ballads, Polonaise-fantasy scherzo nocturnes, Barcarolle, polonaises, preludes, mazurkas da dai sauransu Winter Frederick yawanci gudanar a fi so Paris, da kuma bazara koma Nohant, estate na Zhorzh Sand. Daya kawai hunturu (1838-1839 gg.) Chopin aka tilasta ku ciyar a cikin kudu, a Mallorca, saboda sharply tabarbarewar kiwon lafiya. Located a kan Spanish tsibirin, ya ya iya kammala 24 more wasan share fage.

A karshe shekaru ransa

An juya ta zama da wuya ga mawaki a cikin May 1844 - shi ke lokacin da mahaifinsa ya rasu, sai mutuwa Frederick dauki musamman tsanani. A karshe gurgunta ƙarfinsa hutu tare da George Sand (1847), da kaunar da ransa. Nuwamba 16, 1848, da Yaren mutanen Poland jam'iyyar da ya faru a London, Chopin biography cewa har yanzu da hankalin da zukata, sanya karshe lokaci. Bayan haka, jihar na kiwon lafiya bai ba shi wani aiki ko tafiyar da dalibai. Winter 1849 Frederick karshe ya sauka. Babu damuwa na gaskiya abokai, ba ko da ziyara a Paris Ludovica - ƙaunataccen 'yar'uwar da mawaki - sun kasa sauƙaƙke masa wahala, kuma bayan nauyi azabar da ya mutu. Yana faru Oktoba 17, 1849.

Ya zuwa yanzu, a hakika invaluable ragowar gudunmawar abin da ya sanya ci gaban da m art na Frederic Chopin. Biography takaice dai, ba shakka, ba zai iya bayyana duk m lokacin da yake da rai. Duk da haka, da yawa masu bincike sun yi kokarin Malaman tarihi kamar yadda suka fade kuma mafi to saki gagarumin cikakken hanyar wannan m hali. Daga cikin su - I. Hitrik A. Solovtsov, L. Sinyaver, L. A. Mazel.