Gallbladder: tsarin, aiki, cuta

Gallbladder - a pear-dimbin yawa ko conical m jiki wanda shi ne a kan hanta surface da dama tsakanin square na ta lobes. Babban aiki na gallbladder - jari da kuma maida hankali bile, kazalika da ta lokaci-lokaci "aika" ta hanyar janar da kuma cystic bututu cikin duodenum.

Mutane daban-daban gallbladder yana da daban-daban girma, ta tsawon jeri daga 5 zuwa 13-14 cm, nisa - daga 2 zuwa 4 santimita, da kuma damar 30-70 ml. A gaban pathological yanayin wadannan sigogi iya bambanta muhimmanci. A tsarin da gallbladder bambanta jiki, a kasa da kuma a wuyansa, wanda ya wuce a cikin cystic bututu. A ganuwar kunshi iri uku bawo: tsoka, mucosa da connective. Ƙananan surface na gall mafitsara serosa murfin. A mucous membrane kunshi wani jam'i na folds, daya daga wanda, dake a cikin wuyansa, kuma ya kira heister bawul, siffofin tare da sphincter tsoka zaruruwa Lyutkensa. A connective nama daina kai hare hare da kuma tsakanin tsoka zaruruwa shirya tubular tashoshi da ciwon ba sadarwa tare da rami na mafitsara, aka kira su motsa Luschka.

A hanta da kuma gallbladder suna located in da dama babba quadrant, amma da gall mafitsara tsari iya bambanta da ɗan, tun da shi ya dogara da jiki da kuma shekaru. Jinin samar zo daga gallbladder bile-vesical jijiya, wanda yawanci kara daga dama reshe na hanta jijiya, jijiya da kuma mahara kafa daga venous plexus, daga ƙarƙashinsu a cikin reshe na portal jijiya, a cikin hanta.

A kan samun da gallbladder abinci an rage tare da wannan matsin lamba yakan a cikin shi, wanda zai iya zama 200-300 mm ruwa shafi. Bayan haka, a cikin kowa bile bututu shiga cikin dabzar bile. More tsanani ta samu lura bayan da amfani da kwai yolks, dabba da kayan lambu fats. Ƙanƙancewa na gallbladder aka maye gurbinsu da shakatawa da kuma ciko da hanta bile. A mafi girma tsanani na wannan tsari ya auku a dare.

Pathological yanayi da kuma gallbladder cuta halin da zafi a dama subcostal yankin, wani lokacin a cikin epigastrium tare da concomitant sakawa a iska mai guba a cikin karankarma, kafada kafada hadin gwiwa da kuma dama ruwa. Ana zargin da intensification na zafi lura bayan gwamnatin m, kuma m abinci, qwai, soyayyen abinci, giya, ruwan inabi, taushi da drinks, kazalika bayan nauyi dagawa da kuma ta jiki exertion karkashin vibration a lokacin tuki da kuma neuropsychological overvoltage. Duk da haka, tare da gallstone cuta yiwu spontaneously, ba tare da bayyana dalilin, da ya faru na zafi. Lokacin da dyskinesia hankula gallbladder zafi tare da autonomic crises, siffofin waxanda suke da sanyi gumi, reshe numbness, fata pallor, ciwon kai da sauransu. Very sau da yawa, wadannan cututtuka faruwa tare da belching, tashin zuciya, haushi a bakin, da sauransu.

A m kumburi da gall mafitsara palpation a dama babba quadrant sharply mai raɗaɗi. Pain, aggravated da numfashi, da ake kira alama Kera, a wani zaune matsayi - wani alama na Murphy, soreness a low effleurage tare dama costal baka - wani alama Ortner. Alamun hangula na ciki ma bayyana a cikin hali na peritonitis. A gaban na kullum kumburi da gall mafitsara ba yin da kasancewar ji a palpation a dama babba quadrant, kazalika da matsa lamba da maki, kuma babu alamun cholecystitis.

Rarrabe wadannan lahani na gallbladder: aplasia - ta rashi, hypoplasia - rage ta size, atresia - rashin sarari, anya dystopia. Bugu da kari, akwai daban-daban malformations (msl, gall mafitsara da lanƙwasa) abin da ke faruwa a gaban asymptomatic ko asibiti cholelithiasis ko na kullum cholecystitis.