Gobseck image. Gobseck image a cikin labari da Honore de Balzac

m labari da Faransa marubuci Honore de Balzac "Gobsek" da aka rubuta a 1830. A batun da samfurin gaba daya akan daya daga cikin mutum mũnãnan ayyuka - avarice, wanda shi ne a karshen rayuwar protagonist juya a cikin Wauta. A tsawon lokaci, da labarin da aka hada da marubucin a cikin wani Multi-girma aiki "The Human Comedy."

Taqaitaccen Tarihin marubucin

Haife Faransa marubuci a Paris May 20, 1799. A cewar sada data, mahaifinsa kuwa manomi kuma uwarsa wata 'yan qasar na bourgeoisie. Aristocratic prefix "de" Honore fara yin amfani da shekara-shekara saki na "Gobsek" labarinsa, da rage tsawon zuwa familiarize da wanda za ka iya zuwa a cikin wannan labarin.

Bayan samun wani digiri na farko, Balzac fara ta uku-shekara sabis a notary ta ofishin. mahaifinsa shawara bude ya yi youngster amincewa sallame. Ya so da kuma aiki, ya ga kawai wallafe-wallafe. An ce, a lokacin ayyukan da matasa Guy ba ya wakiltar wani amfani a gare wallafa.

Maƙil look, Honore koma wani bara manyan mukaman da kwata da kuma kafa aiki. The labari, wanda ya fara rubuta shekaru da yawa daga baya sanya shi rare daga connoisseurs na adabi, amma sukar da lokaci ruthlessly bai gane ya halitta.

Koma wallafe-wallafen aiki

Tun 1829, Balzac tafi a kan haifar da ya m litattafan da labaru. A dare ya rubuta, da goyon bayan da babban yawan m sojojin na kofuna na black kofi, da kuma da yamma shimfida. Kwãna Honore amfani up fiye da daya quill.

Wannan "sojojin" Yanayin da ya karshe an sãka, da kuma littafin alama saboda kulawa. The labari "shagreen" marubuci ya kawo title na daya daga cikin mafi kyau marubuta daga cikin lokaci. Wannan babban rabo mai girma ya yi wahayi zuwa a sosai matasa marubuci, don haka ya halitta mai kyau almara mai taken "The Human Comedy." Yana hada da labarin "Gobsek", da abun ciki wanda yake shi ne sosai a kusa da haruffa da kuma ayyuka na Balzac ta Sahaban.

The darajar Ukraine a cikin marubuci ta rayuwa

Balzac farko ziyarci kasar a 1847. Ga shi ya aure to Evelinoy Ganskoy, don haka sau da yawa ziyarci Ukraine asashe. A yawa makala da aka rubuta a kansu game da wadannan ban mamaki wurare, kuma daya daga cikinsu shi ne "Letter na Kiev." Balzac ganin darajarsa da m asa a kan wanda a shekara shuka alkama, da babu albarkacin barbarar cikin ƙasa.

Kamar yadda Estate na Ghana, Honore gaske sha'awar a cikin rayuwar manoma. Ya na son zuwa kallon kungiyoyin na mutanen da suka je aiki, Da waƙa, a lokaci guda farin ciki songs. A sakamakon marubucin soyayya ga Ukraine da aka nuna ba kawai a cikin haruffa zuwa Paris, amma a cikin labari "The manoma".

} ir} Balzac

Honore matasa m azumi kankara a alfijir na biyu main nau'o'i: litattafan, tarihi da kuma ainihi. Balzac an taba bi da fashion a Turai adabi da kuma halitta da ayyuka a cikin wani kokarin nuna musu wani individualized irin kowane hali, kamar sanannun image na Gobseck.

Marubucin mayar da hankali kusan ko da yaushe kasance zamani bourgeois jama'a, da dukan da shortcomings. A wanzuwar zaman azuzuwan na lokaci, zamantakewa cibiyoyin da kuma zamantakewa matsayi ba za a iya more cikakken bayyana a cikin "Nazarin game da hali" wanda ya rubuta Balzac. "Gobsek" ma sun shiga wannan sake zagayowar a matsayin zanga-zanga na mutum avarice da zari.

"Human Comedy"

Duk da akai carping sukar Balzac taba tsaya aiki. Ta hanyar lokaci, marubucin yanke shawarar da ya hada su aiki a cikin wani almara da ake kira "The Human Comedy." A cewar marubucin, littafin da aka kamata su dauke da wani labari cewa zai bayyana yau jama'a, kowane data kasance hali, wata kalma - ƙirƙiri wani asali zane a lokacinsa.

A sake zagayowar kunshi sassa uku, mafi m ne "da almara na kyawawan dabi'u." Ta fãta shimfiɗaɗɗa da real hoto na Faransa, inda ya rayu Balzac. "Gobsek" shi ne daya daga cikin wallafe-wallafen Masterpieces, wanda aka kunshe a "Etude".

summary

All Balzac ta haruffan fili kõma - su ne Catchy da shubuha. Cewa, irin wannan ne "Gobsek" protagonist na littafin. Rage labarin da aka gabatar a kasa, amma a takaice na canja wurin kawai karamin sashi na ma'anar wanda marubucin so in gaya wa mai karatu.

A labarin zai fara a cikin gida Vicomtesse de Grandlieu, wanda aka ziyartar Count Ernest De Resto da Derville. Lokacin na farko da na su ne tafi, da uwar gida ya fara bayyana wa 'yarsa Camille, don haka da cewa ba za ka iya kai tsaye nuna mai kyau wuri zuwa jadawali, domin ba wanda manyan mukaman iyali ba zai so ka yi aurayya da su. Ernest ya ba ta dace biyu daga 'yarta, kamar yadda ya wanda arzikinsa ya karye.

Derville yanke shawarar da ya shiga tsakani a abin da ke faruwa a bayyana gaskiya yanayin abubuwa. Ya fara da labarin daga nesa, ambata cewa ya gana da Gobsek yayin da har yanzu dalibi kuma ya kira shi sanyi gunkin zinariya.

Kamar yadda wani moneylender ya bada labarin bege ga bashin da Countess. Tsoron daukan hotuna, da ta ba shi da lu'u lu'u, kudi ga wanda wata doka da aka ta lover. Gobsek da yake daidai a cewa wannan dandy halakarwa ta dukan iyali.

Daga baya Derville juya farin gashi kyau Count Maksim De Tri tambaya game saba da moneylender. Gobsek, bi da bi, da farko ki ƙidaya, rance a matsayin borrower a lokacin da aka gaba ɗaya a cikin bashi. Amma ga mai ba da bashi ya zo da mace tare da sauran iyali Jewels, kuma babu shakka ya amince da dukkan yanayi. Duk wannan sanya Countess na ci da ceto de Trajan, wanda ya canja wurin da kudi zuwa gare shi, in ba haka ba ya zargin kashe kansa.

A wannan rana zuwa Gobsek miji karya sama mata wuya da dawowar Diamonds. Maimakon haka, ya bada usurer dukan dukiyarsa domin ya cece shi daga wani m matarsa da ta lover. By karshen Derville ce cewa wannan lamarin ya faru da mahaifinta, Ernest de Resto.

Bayan wani lokaci, count tsanani da rashin lafiya. Matarsa, a kan lokaci severs duk dangantaka da Maxim da kuma daukan kula da mijinta. A rana bayan mutuwarsa, don neman a so, ta shirya shan kashi a ofishin marigayin. Amma da mafi mũnin abu ya yi shi ne da kona batun, babu abin da Count dukiya marigayin cikin mallaka Gobseck. Derville roƙe moneylender baya duk iyali de resto, amma ya kasance m.

A karshen labarin, dovedavshis cewa Camille da Ernest ƙaunaci juna, Derville tafi Gobsek da kuma gano cewa mutuwa. By ƙarshen rayuwar da ya avarice gaba daya tunawa. A gidan barjat da yawa spoiled abinci, domin shi bai sayar, tsoron bad ciniki. Gobseck image - shi ne rungumi wani irin predatory ikon, da wanda mutum ne hanzari yin ta hanyar zuwa zinariya da iko.

A labarin ƙare da gaskiya cewa lauya Derville Grandlieus rahoton game da zancen dawowansa na rasa dukiya Comte de resto. Great lady yanke shawarar cewa Camilla iya da kyau zama matar Ernest.

Halaye na gwarzo

Gobseck image ne kai-da sabanin. A protagonist ne mai karfi da hali, kazalika da wani mataki na falsafa da kuma tunani. Tare da wadannan siffofin ne zari, meanness da keta. Mafi m, shi ne saboda matsananci rai yanayi na usurer amfani don cimma burin ta kowane hanya.

Har ila yau halayyar Gobseck da hoto za a iya gani a fili a cikin maganganun marubucin shi. Balzac bayyana babban harafin kamar yadda wani mutum-takardar kudi. A ganin a cikin abin da predatory duniya ya na zaune, ya kai shi zuwa ga riba. Kuma cewa adadin kudi da zinariya, ba lallai ba ne ga wani marmari zama, amma don kare ji. Halaye Gobseck supplemented da zaran magana, misali bushe sa na phrases a tattaunawar da abokan ciniki. Dukan bayyanar nuna raini ga m mutane.

sauran ayyukan

A cikin matasa, Honore kokarin watsi da m sukar ce, ci gaba da aikinsa. Farkon ayyukansu:

- labari "Shuany".

- "shagreen fata".

- "Gobsek".

- "House cat wasa tare da wani ball."

Balzac nema ya nuna wani individualized irin kowane da hali. A cibiyar aikinsa ba almara, haruffa, da kuma rayuwa da kuma ayyukan bourgeois al'umma. Gobseck fi so image da labari ya nuna masu karatu abin da rai zai iya zama mai ban tausayi, idan wani mutum yana zuwa ya kashe duk mai kyau da kuma zama soulless obdiraloy da kuma ajiya.