Halaye na mafarkin da labarin "White Nights" Dostoevsky

"White Nights" - wani labari Fedora Dostoevskogo, wanda aka fara buga a mujallar "Notes da Fatherland" a 1848. Marubuci ya sadaukar da aikin AN Pleshcheyev, wani aboki na matasa. Zai yiwu wannan mutumin ne samfur na babban harafin, tun da shi an san cewa a wannan lokacin ya yi tunani game da nasa version da labarin, da gwarzo abin da yake a cikin girgije. Halaye na mafarkin da labarin "White Nights" Za a tattauna a cikin labarin.

Mu ne duk da mafarkai

"White Nights", a cewar da yawa malamai na marubuci, shi ne daya daga cikin mafi poetic da haske daga cikin ayyukansa. Dostoevsky kuma rubuta cewa mu ne duk wasu har mafarkai. Wannan shi ne labarin a hankali, za a iya kira autobiographical. Bayan Dostoevsky, kamar yadda babban samfuri na gwarzo, sau da yawa tuno mafarki. Ya rubuta cewa a cikin saurayi tunanin son su wakilci kansu wani lokacin da Marius, da Pericles, da jarumi a cikin gasar, da Kirista tsawon zamanin mulkin Nero, da dai sauransu A yanayi na wannan romantic ayyukansu, kazalika da images of da manyan haruffa - wata yarinya da kuma wani jami'in-plebeian. Dukansu biyu suna da rai tsarkakakke.

Ganawa da Nastya

Tale kunshi biyar sassa. A wannan yanayin, hudu daga cikinsu da aka bayyana cikin dare, kuma a karshe - safe. Saurayi, protagonist - shi ne mai mafarkin wanda ya rayu shekaru takwas a St. Petersburg, amma bai iya samun a cikin wannan gari abokai. Ya aka saki a cikin rani rana yawo. Amma da gwarzo ba zato ba tsammani da jũna da cewa gida ya bar birnin. Da yake ina da m mutum, mai mafarkin ya ji ne da tsananin ƙarfi ware su daga sauran. Ya yanke shawarar in je a kan kafar a cikin birnin. Dawo daga yawo, babban gwarzo lura wata yarinya (Nastya), sobbing a dogo tashar.

Sun samu to magana. Wadannan abubuwan da suka faru a fara labari "White Nights" Dostoevsky.

A yanayin da babban harafin

Zabi nau'i na labari a farkon mutum, marubucin daga cikin ayyukan ba shi da fasali na furci, tunani, da ciwon autobiographical. Characteristically, ya gwarzo, Dostoevsky bai ba su suna ba. Wannan dabara kara habaka da tarayya, tare da wani aminin da marubuci ko marubucin kansa. Duk da ransa image na mafarkin damu Dostoevsky. Ya ko da ya so rubuta wani labari na wannan sunan.

Halaye na mafarkin da labarin "White Nights" haka. A samfurin protagonist - shi ne cike da makamashi, masu ilimi da saurayi. Duk da haka, ya kira kansa m, kuma m mafarkin. Wannan hali na zaune tare da romantic mafarki, ya maye gurbin shi gaskiya. Yau da kullum damuwa da kuma abubuwa da suke ba su da sha'awar. Ya yi aikin su ne kawai a lokacin da ya cancanta, kuma ji kamar baƙo a cikin wannan duniya. Poor mafarkin da aka boye a cikin duhu kusurwa St. Petersburg, inda rana ba dubi. Wannan mutum ko da yaushe rikita, ya ko da yaushe ji na laifi. A gwarzo m hali, rude magana.

Waje fasali na mafarkin da labarin "White Nights" ne sosai matalauta. The girmamawa ne marubucin ya ciki duniya. Saboda haka, ba za mu iya gaya abin da ya ke yi, inda ya yi aiki. Yana dehumanizes shi ma fiye. Mafarkin ya na zaune ba tare da abokai, da kuma da ya taba ganawa da 'yan matan. Saboda wannan, da gwarzo ya zama wani abu na rashin jituwa da izgili wasu. Ya misalta kansa da datti, rumpled yar kyanwa da rashin jituwa da fushi neman a duniya.

Duk lokacin da akwai irin wannan ji cewa babban harafin ne yaro ko saurayi ya cinye ta zazzabi. Putao ya san kuma ya wuce kima da tausaya, wanda ya jefa m, ba ze babu albarkacin dangane da halin da ake ciki. Shi bai sani ba duniya, a matsayin halayyar da mafarkin da labarin "White Nights". Idan wata yarinya yanke shawarar da ya gama rayuwarsa tare da wannan gwarzo, jiran ta m waccan magana, amma ba ziyarar kuma da wasan kwaikwayo irin wannan mutum shi bai gayyaci - kawai ban da gidan da kuma yin garkuwa da su na sentimentality. Feature damar da mafarkin ya yi irin wannan ƙarshe.

Rayuwar zunubi daga cikin mafarkin, da m iko

Dostoevsky yi imani da cewa irin wannan fatalwa rayuwa shi ne zunubi, saboda mutum mai fitarwa daga duniya na gaskiya. Yana jũya a cikin wani "m halitta" da wasu "neuter". Dreams na gwarzo a lokaci guda kuma suna da m darajar. Bayan duk, wannan mutumin, kamar yadda Dostoevsky ce, ne artist ta mallaka rayuwa. Ya aikata shi bisa ga kowane awa daya.

"Superfluous Man"

Mafarkin ne mai irin abin da ake kira superfluous adam. Duk da haka, kawai baƙin fuskantar zargi. Society ya bai raina, kamar Pechorin ko Onegin. wannan hali na ga baki juyayi. Altruistic mafarkin ne iya bauta wa sauran mutum ya zo ga taimako.

Tafakkuri a cikin al'umma a cikin aikin

Mutane da yawa Sahaban na Dostoevsky aka halin da hali to mafarki game da wani abu sabon abu da kuma haske. A wata al'umma mamaye takaici da kuma yanke ƙauna, wadda aka sa ta da shan kashi na Decembrists. Shi ne ba cikakke har Yunƙurin samun 'yanci ƙungiyoyi ya yiwuwa ga shekaru 60. Fyodor iya kansa watsi a cikin ni'imar da akida na dimokuradiyya na komai mafarkai. Duk da haka, babban jarumi na "White Nights" da kuma bai iya tserewa daga wani mafarki, ko da yake ya fahimci harmfulness na nasu ra'ayi.

Nastya

Tsayayya wa wannan gwarzo, mafarkin Nastya - aiki yarinya. Dostoevsky an halitta image na wani romantic kuma mai ladabi da kyakkyawa da cewa shi ne "kurwa mate" gwarzo, albeit kadan butulci da kuma na yaro. Dokokin girmama gaskiya na ji na wannan yarinya, ta so don yin yaki domin nasu farin ciki. Duk da haka, Nastya kuma ta bukatar tallafi.

A soyayya cewa ya samu wani mafarkin

Dostoevsky ( "White Nights") a cikin aikinsa ya bayyana m, m ji na mafarkin. Hero m muradi ne ba a sani ba. Ya yana shirye ya sadakar komai, saboda haka ya nemi shirya farin ciki na yarinya ba su yi shakka ga wani lokacin cewa son Nastya - kawai abu ya na da a cikin wannan rayuwa. Sense of dogara mafarkin, baiwa. Shi ne kamar yadda tsabta a matsayin fari dare da rana. Soyayya kubutar da gwarzo daga "zunubi" (watau daydreaming), ba ka damar ice ka ƙishirwa ga cikar rayuwa. Duk da haka, shi ne bakin ciki rabo. Sa'an nan, yanã mai m mutum. F. Dostoevsky ( "White Nights"), duk da haka, ba ya barin a karshe labarin da m bala'i. Sake albarka da ƙaunataccen mafarkin.

Story Wannan shi ne wani nau'i ne na idyll. Utopia ne marubucin abin da mutane domin a nuna idan mafi kyau ji. A samfurin "White Nights", a cikin abin da mafarkin ya - a Generic hali, hankula - shi ne wajen wani mafarki game da kyau, rai wasu fiye da wani tunani na gaskiya, Dostoevsky.

Mafarkai Tolstoy da Dostoevsky

A gabatar da protagonist na farin ciki (tausayi da 'yan'uwantaka manufa) ne ban sha'awa to duba ta hanyar da Prism na ayyukan Tolstoy, "Bayan da Ball." Halaye na mafarkin ( "White Nights") a cikin hasken wannan labarin ne musamman a sauƙi. Iyaka rabuwa da rayuwa da kuma sentimentality Dostoevsky hali a stark bambanci da mai juyayi muhimmi romance na matasa Tolstoy ta ayyukansu. Ya, sabanin na farko daukan m, da shawara mai muhimmanci. Kaucewa nutsa cikin su abubuwan da gwarzo na Dostoevsky. Domin shi wani wuri a gefen akwai wani waje duniya. Proper mafarkai - kawai manufar yin wani musamman mataki, kamar yadda aka nuna ta hanyar kamanta halayyar hangen nesa ( "White Nights") da kuma "twin" na labarin "Bayan da ball". Wani jin zuciya - wani nuna alama daga cikin gaggawa bukatun rashin fahimta, ruhaniya Loneliness, saboda abin da ji na rarrabuwa daga duniya, wanda yake riƙe mutum. F. Dostoevsky ( "White Nights") Duk da haka tausaya da gwarzo kuma ba hukunta shi.