Hazelnut: dasa da kuma kula. Dasa na hazelnuts a kaka

Daga cikin horticultural amfanin gona da irin goro hazelnut aka dauke sarki. Lakabi na girmamawa da ya samu ga wani high yawan amfanin ƙasa. Hazelnut a matsayin horar da shuka da aka horar da tun lokacin da. An nuna wannan ta archaeological Finds.

Hazelnuts ake magana a manyan-fruited Hazel (Lombard), wani hali mazauni na deciduous da kuma gauraye gandun daji. Gida hazelnut - gabashin ɓangare na Black Sea Coast. Wannan al'ada ne tartsatsi a Turai da kuma Amurka.

A halin yanzu, hazelnuts bautar wani abu wuri a cikin al'adu na wannan nau'in. Ruggedness na namo, kiwo sauki, da sinadirai masu darajar 'ya'yan, da yin amfani da m ƙasashe sanya goro m ga manoma da kuma lambu.

Mene ne hazelnuts?

A daji da ciwon kama da Hazel. Hazelnut - iska-pollinated Multi-hankulan manyan shuka, wanda tsayinsa daga jeri uku zuwa takwas mita. A ganye ne duhu kore, serrated a kan gefuna, da zagaye na ko m siffar. A furanni da shuka ne na iri biyu: namiji, a cikin nau'i na 'yan kunne, da kuma mace - kodan da haske ja stigmas-goge a ciki.

Idan yanayin yanayi da damar, gyada blooms daga farkon hunturu har Maris. Fruiting fara a 4-5th shekara bayan dasa. Bush Hazel catkins a cikin hunturu da yadin da aka saka da haske rawaya ganye a fall janyo hankalin mutum idanu da kyaunsu. Wannan inuwa haƙuri, kyale shi zuwa kasa a arewacin gangara. A kan rana, kuma sun ƙi wuraren hazelnuts mafi fruiting. Godiya ga mai karfi tushen tsarin na shrubs Qarfafa gona, don haka dasa goro za a iya sanya a kan gangara kuma na cikin kwari.

Da kyau sosai a ko'ina cikin girma kakar, tun toho da kuma kawo karshen fadowa ganye, hazelnuts. Dasa da kuma kula samar da wani fanni na ayyuka. Musamman faranta wa ido kambi daji rufe manyan velvety bar garura gauraye da manyan kwayoyi zagaye ko oblong. Hazelnuts, wanda shige ba ya bukatar yawa kokarin, yaba da matsayin da 'ya'yan itace, kuma ta na ado sakamako. Saboda haka, wannan shrub kamar lambu da kuma farin ciki girma shi a cikin gidãjen Aljannar.

ƙasa shiri

Hazelnut - fairly undemanding shuka, wanda ya dace wa ci gaban da wani gona, fãce da bushe yashi, m kuma swampy. Acidic kasa lemun tsami da 1 sq. m. rabin kilo na lemun tsami. Duk da haka, hazelnuts, saukowa a kan abin da m da kuma rigar ƙasa, yana mafi girma da ake samu.

Don fara a ranar da aka zaɓa yankin domin dasa wajibi ne don samar da da kuma gudanar da darajõji tare da Bugu da kari na loosening kasar gona taki da potassium da phosphorus, idan da ake bukata. Wadannan garma duniya zuwa zurfin 30-40 cm da kuma shaci saukowa shafukan. Irin wannan zurfi noma da aka yi domin tabbatar da samun iska a tushen kuma ya riƙe danshi a cikin ƙasa. Ga mai kyau fruiting hazelnut bukatar mai yawa na gina jiki, wanda ya rika daga ƙasa. Saboda haka, yana da wani dole ne takin da taki ko takin a cikin kudi na 2-3 quintals da ɗari da murabba'in mita na ƙasar.

dasa lokaci

Shrub irin goro dasa a cikin bazara da kaka, dangane da yankin. Dasa a cikin kaka hazelnut zai fi dacewa a gabashin da kuma kudancin yankunan, inda shi ne da za'ayi domin 2-3 makonni har sai sanyi. Wannan damar da shuka dauki tushen, sami ƙarfi, kuma da sauri zuwa spring girma. A wasu yankunan hazelnuts za a iya dasa a kowane lokaci na shekara saukowa.

A zabi na saukowa site hazelnut

Better goro tsiro a kan m, arewa-maso-gabashin da kuma arewacin gangara, inda akwai m kullum hawa da sauka a cikin zafin jiki, da kuma iya kauce wa hatsarin misãlin shuke-shuke da konewa. Hazelnut fi son rana, kare daga iska. Yana bukatar da za a shuka a nesa na 4-5 mita daga wasu shuke-shuke da manyan rawanin, don samar da wani ya fi girma yankin domin abinci.

A gida gidãjen Aljanna hazelnuts, saukowa a kan gangara wadda gully ko kusa mezhoy za su yi girma a cikin halitta nau'i. Kuma idan za ku ƙara wasu nau'i na sapling, shi zai yi ado da lambu. Wannan daji za a iya sa a kan wani wuri na girmamawa.

saukowa

Bayan zabi sashi da kuma ƙasa shiri zaba hazelnut itace. Dasa shi a cikin wani rami mai zurfi ƙafãfu biyu da za'ayi a spring ko kaka. Don wannan babba Layer na ƙasa ne gauraye da potassium gishiri (50g), superphosphate (150 g) da kuma 2-3 buckets humus. Takin aka rarraba a ko'ina a cikin rami.

Dasa na hazelnuts a kaka da kuma bazara da aka gudanar don haka. Su ba a cibiyar fegi seedling dasa kuma, bayan dipping shi a cikin bayani. Kuma kada ku manta da saka wani rami a kasa kadan daga hazelnut. Tushen wuyansa na ƙasar barci ba, da kuma zurfafa a cikin 2-3 cm karfafa tushen ci gaban da kuma sashe. A sama-ƙasa ɓangare na shuka nan da nan bayan dasa, yanke a matakin 5-6-th koda. Seedling rage ta 15-20 cm sama da ƙasa surface.

Dasa bushes da kyau shayar 3-5 buckets na ruwa a daya rami da ciyawa. Za ka iya amfani da Pine needles, sawdust, humus, taki - cewa zai kasance a hannunsa. Saboda haka mafi alhẽri ga riƙe danshi. Don kauce wa rududdugaggu haushi seedlings, ciyawa kamata ba a taba akwati. A mako daga baya, wajibi ne a maimaita watering. Unpretentious al'adu ne hazelnuts. Dasa da kuma kula da mai yawa kokarin za a bukata.

Formation na daji goro

Idan mutum bai son siffar da shuka a cikin halitta nau'i, yana yiwuwa a samar da gaba daji. Domin wannan fall, bayan na biyu girma kakar, shirya 8-10 karfi harbe. Za su zama nan gaba na babban akwati. A cikin 2-3 shekaru, cire harbe da kuma yankan da suka wuce haddi harbe daji za a iya kafa a ta hankali.

Pruning shuke-shuke ne kafin domin samun wani babban yawan amfanin ƙasa. Form daji domin 4-5 shekaru, har fruiting. A nan gaba, da cewa babu wani thickening, cire bakarãriya rassan. Kuma a cikin goma sha ɗaya shekara na ci gaban ciyar rejuvenation, wanda ake yanke saukar a kowace shekara uku da haihuwa akwati. Don canza su shirya muhimmi harbe.

Watering da barbarar

Unpretentious a girma horticultural amfanin gona hazelnuts. Dasa da kuma kula ba rikitarwa. Domin samun high da ake samu na kwayoyi, shi wajibi ne sau da yawa a kakar ya shayar da sarƙaƙƙiya. Musamman hazelnuts bukatar watering a lokacin bazara kakar, a lokacin da 'ya'yan itatuwa suna girma cikin sauri.

Kara yawan aiki da kuma barbarar cikin ƙasa. Mafi na kowa irin ciyar ne takin da taki, wanda kawo a 2-3 shekaru da zarar kudi na 10 kg da murabba'in mita. Chemical takin za a iya sanya a kowace shekara, musamman a lokacin da 'ya'yan itatuwa suna daura. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da urea. Nitrogen bai sa. Ana sa wani m girma daga cikin daji, da kuma yawan aiki a lokaci guda tayi.

Sosai da dadi kuma da lafiya da 'ya'yan itace ba hazelnuts. Dasa goro kaucewa duk da bukatun ba zai dauki dogon. Amma don a ji dadin dandano na 'ya'yan itace da kyakkyawa kafa bushes ku dogon.

haifuwa

Propagated gyada da iri da kuma vegetatively. Lokacin amfani iri kiwo iri na amfanin gona da aka ba da ceto. Dasa hazelnut gyada da ake amfani da taro namo da kuma waddan sabon iri. Don girma seedlings hazelnut, kai ba kan-bushe, da-ripened kwayoyi. Shuka su a spring ko kaka a tati zuwa zurfin 6-8 cm.

Lokacin da vegetative yaduwa adana, daukar kwayar cutar kulla da halaye da kuma kaddarorin iri. An za'ayi da layering, Tushen, rarraba daji, da kuma grafting. Sake bugun hazelnut layering da aka yi da implanting matasa harbe ba tare da raba su daga daji. Idan akai ga shan da rhizome, 2-3-shekara suckers rabu da daji da kuma dasa. A lokacin multiplication ta rarraba daji a lokacin thinning hazelnut plantations wasu bushes tumɓukakku ne. Sara da su, dõmin a kan kowane daga cikin tushen zauna, da kuma dasa a cikin sabon wuri. A lokacin multiplication da grafting cuttings yi shi a cikin bazara. Wannan hanya na yaduwa da ake amfani da refining da sarƙaƙƙiya.

amfani Properties

A hazelnut ƙunshi mutane da yawa na gina jiki: fats, sunadarai, carbohydrates da kuma bitamin. A kernels aka yi amfani da abinci da kuma confectionery masana'antu, man - a cikin Pharmaceutical da kuma na kwaskwarima. Kalori hazelnut fi da cewa da burodi, madara da nama. Amfani da ko da pollen inflorescences. Yana da farko da bayan hunturu ƙudan zuma forage.

A goro ne mai samfurin na abin da ake ci anemia da kuma kara girman prostate, thrombophlebitis kuma varicose veins, trophic ulcers da haemorrhoids. Wannan samfurin bada shawarar ga mutane da cututtuka na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini tsarin. An yi imani da cewa hazelnut kawo kiwon lafiya da farin ciki.