Hemisphere na Duniya. Halaye da kuma Features

Duniyar mu ne zuwa kashi hudu hemispheres. Yadda za a yi alama da iyakoki tsakanin su? Abin da siffofin ne yammancin duniya?

Ekweita da Meridian

Planet Duniya da aka dimbin yawa dan kadan flattened a sandunan da wani Sphere - spheroid. A kimiyya da'irori, da siffar da aka kira da geoid, watau "kamar Duniya." Geoid surface perpendicular zuwa shugabanci na nauyi a kowane batu.

Domin saukaka, da halaye na duniya amfani da matukar, ko hasashen Lines. Daya daga cikinsu shi ne axis. Yana wuce ta tsakiyar duniya, a haɗa da manya da ƙananan part, da ake kira Arewa da Kudu iyakacin duniya.

Tsakanin sandunan a wani daidai nesa daga gare su, da wadannan ne kirkiran line kira ekweita. Shi ne a kwance, kuma aka delimited a Kudancin (kome kasa da line) da kuma Arewa (duk sama da line) yammancin duniya. Length na ekweita ne dan kadan fiye da 40 kilomita dubu.

Wani hasashen layi - Greenwich, ko da sifili Meridian. Wannan shi ne a tsaye line wucewa ta cikin Observatory a Greenwich. Meridian duniya da rababben yammacin da kuma gabashin hemispheres, kuma shi ne masomin aunawa longitude.

Bambanci na Kudancin kuma Northern hemispheres

kwance line na ekweita raba duniya a cikin rabin, tsallaka da dama nahiyoyi. Afirka, Eurasia, da kuma Kudancin Amirka ne, rabi da dama a cikin biyu hemispheres. Sauran nahiyoyi located a cikin daya. Saboda haka, Australia da kuma Antarctica ne gaba daya a kudancin da kuma Arewacin Amirka - a arewa.

Hemisphere da sauran bambance-bambance. Godiya ga Arewa iyakacin duniya zuwa Arctic Ocean sauyin yanayi na Arewa Hemisphere matsayin dukan ne softer fiye da ta Kudu inda ƙasar - Antarctica. Seasons a cikin yammancin duniya m: hunturu a cikin yankin arewacin na duniya ya zo a lokaci, a lokacin rani a kudancin kasar.

Bambanci lura a cikin motsi na iska da kuma ruwa. Arewa na ekweita kogin gudana da kuma teku igiyoyin ake deflected zuwa dama (dama gāɓar kogi ne yawanci mafi m), anticyclones juya kewaye iri na agogo, kuma cyclones - da. Ta Kudu na ekweita, duk abin da ya faru daidai gaban.

Daban-daban, ko da taurari sama sama. Figure a kowane yammancin duniya ne daban-daban. Babban guideline ne iyakacin duniya star a arewacin Duniya ta Southern Hemisphere jagora hidima a matsayin Southern Cross. Sama ekweita mamaye ƙasar, sabili da haka ainihin yawan mutanen da suke rayuwa a nan. Kasa ekweita jimlar yawan ne 10%, kamar yadda Oceanic kashi predominates.

Western Hemisphere da Eastern

Don gabas da Firayim Meridian located Eastern Hemisphere na Duniya. An located a cikin Australia, da yawa daga Afirka, Eurasia, wani ɓangare na Antarctica. Yana gida kamar 82% na yawan mutanen duniya. A geopolitical da kuma al'adu sharuddan shi ne ake kira Old World, kamar yadda tsayayya da New World na nahiyar Amirka. A gabashin shi ne mafi girma a yankin, sai mai zurfi ƙullunku kuma mafi girma dutsen a duniya.

Hemisphere ta Yamma na Duniya da aka located in yamma na Greenwich Meridian. Yana maida hankali ne akan Arewa da Kudancin nahiyar Amirka, Afirka da kuma Eurasia. Yana hada da duka Atlantic Ocean da kuma babban ɓangare na Pacific. A nan ne mafi tsawo dutsen sarkar a duniya most aman wuta, sarrafa giza hamada, mafi tsayi lake da kuma zurfin kogin. Yana zaune a yammacin ɓangare na duniya kawai 18% na al'ummar jihar.

kwanan Line

Kamar yadda aka ambata riga, da kasashen Turai da kuma Gabas ta hemispheres na Duniya da rababben Greenwich Meridian. Shi ne mai ci gaba da 180th Meridian, wanda delineates iyakar a daya gefen. Yana da wani layin canji kwanakin, a nan yau jũya a cikin gobe.

A garesu na Meridian gyarawa daban-daban kalanda kwana. Wannan shi ne saboda da duniyar tamu ta juyawa. Kwanan Line su ne mafi yawa ya wuce ta ƙasa da tẽku, amma kuma crosses wasu tsibiran (Vanua Levu da Taviuni t. H.). A wadannan wurare don saukaka wa line koma tare da iyaka da ƙasar, ko da mazaunan daya tsibirin sun wanzu a cikin daban-daban kwanakin.