Hikimar hanyoyin da bayanai kariya: ra'ayi, halaye, da manyan mukamai

Kamus ba mu kusa da juna na ginin jumla definition da kalmar "cryptography", dabam-dabam ne kawai a yankunan da ta aikace-aikace. Cryptography - da kimiyya na yadda za a kare bayanai ta hanyar da dama hanyoyin, idan ya cancanta, gazawa a kan ikon zuwa duba shi, kuma da amfani.

Hikimar hanyoyin da bayanai kariya - ne da canji na bayanai don ta kara watsa su cikin izini mutum. The manufa daga cikin wadannan hanyoyi ne kamar haka. Primary bude rufaffen sakon, nemowa nau'i na rufaffiyar rubutu ko graphics kira cryptogram. Bugu da ari cryptogram yana daukar kwayar cutar a kan wani amintacce ko m tashar yada bayanai don samun maki. An izini amfani daukawa kishiya ko dikodi mai na samu sakon kuma sami asali plaintext. Saboda haka, interception Shirograms mara izini mutum ba zai iya karanta shi, ba da sanin abin da irin Hikimar bayanai kariya hanyoyin amfani ga boye-boye.

A ra'ayi na key cryptography ne sau da yawa amfani, wanda damar zana a layi daya tsakanin zane bayanai, da kuma coding tsarin. Hikimar kariya na bayanai amfani ga encrypting da decrypting na musamman da jerin haruffa, wanda ake kira da key. Saboda haka, ta hanyar yin amfani da wannan Hikimar algorithm boye-boye sakamakon dogara da key.

Makullin don su rarrabuwa ne zuwa kashi:

• tsakaitã, watau aikawa da karɓa a cikin tsari na boye-boye da kuma Mabudi yin amfani da wannan key, wadda tabbatar da wani babban sirri na rufaffen sakon, amma na halitta da matsaloli a cikin aiki na keys a daban-daban tsarin, inda wani babban yawan masu amfani.
• asymmetric, a gaskiya an dauke a key biyu, wanda ya samar da wata rufaffiyar (mai zaman kansa), kuma jama'a keys.

Ka'idar da key biyu ne: mai zaman kansa key ake amfani da su janye da jama'a key, amma ba za a iya generated baya ga sani jama'a key. Wannan na tabbatar da cewa Tantance duba a lokacin da canja wurin bayanai, sa hannu da lantarki digital sa hannu (eds).

Hikimar bayanai kariya ta amfani da asymmetric keys tasiri ga encrypting daukar kwayar cutar maimakon na adana bayanai. A jama'a keys ne manufa domin maye gurbin da saba sa hannu a kan lantarki (digital), wanda aka yadu amfani da Internet biyan bashin tsarin.

Hikimar hanyoyin da bayanai kariya kamata hadu da wadannan bukatun:

1. Samun barga cipher iya withstanding cryptanalysis da kuma samar da wata hanya da ta bude kawai da iyakarsa search keys. Saboda haka, yiwuwar tabbatar da dalilin key dogara a kan ta tsawon.
2. Don tabbatar da karko na wani Hikimar tsarin da tam adanar m makullin da kuma lissafi mai tsauri ba ta amfani da su.
3. Don samar da girma na masu lamba bayanai da cewa ba ya wuce asali.
4. Kashewa murdiya da kuma asarar bayanai saboda kurakurai a lokacin da encrypting.
5. Don tabbatar da mafi ƙarancin tsarinsa lokaci.
6. Da daidaito tsakanin boye-boye darajar da darajar da farko bayani.

Hikimar hanyoyin da bayanai kariya ne halin da juriya na cipher, wanda shi ne babban ma'aunin tasiri. Wannan ya dace ne a kudin a lokaci ko da darajar kudi da ake bukata domin samun decryptor saƙo na asali a cikin rashi na shigar wanda ke aiki key. Bayar da babu kasawan a boye-boye lissafi mai tsauri, abin da sauri calculates da sana'a, da kuma abin dogara da isasshen key tsawon, wadannan halin kaka girma da muhimmanci.