Human dentition. Abin da shi tsaye domin kuma abin da iri dabarbari zama

Hakora ne wani muhimmin factor a yadda ya dace da daukan taban da kuma jawabin hakkin. Sun shiga a cikin daukan taban, numfashi a cikin ci gaban da murya da magana samuwar. Hakora ba zai iya kansu a iya sabunta, da kuma da ƙarfi - shi ne kawai wani bayyanar. Dentition kuma ta ilimi da taimako zuwa ga yau da kullum da hakori kula da samar da wata damar mayar da hankali a kan katakan Zahnärzte.

hakora tsarin rubutu hanyoyin

A Dentistry likitoci don gane asali da mãsu haƙuri kuma saukaka ta katunan amfani da wani takamaiman lambobin. The domin na matsayi na duk da hakora ne yawanci alama ta musamman dabara, da ake kira "mutum dentition." A daban-daban theories kungiyar na hakora, wannan aiki ana denoted da Larabci ko Roman numerals da haruffa. Akwai wasu hakora ganewa tsarin. Wannan misali hanya na Zsigmondy-Palmer, da kuma kasa da kasa ka'idar Viola da Haderupa tsarin da multifunction alphanumeric ka'idar.

Tsarin Zsigmondy-Palmer

A hakori dabara ne da farko bisa ka'idar dijital square-Zsigmondy-Palmer, wanda aka amince a 1876. Its peculiarity shi ne cewa duk adult hakora alama da Larabci numerals daga 1 zuwa 8. The yara suna ƙidaya tare da Roman numerals na zuwa V.

Mahanga ta biyu lambar Viola

Yana da aka amince da International Dental Federation a 1971. A wannan hanya, ƙananan kuma babba muƙamuƙi kasu kashi hudu quadrants zuwa 8 hakora. Adult mutum zai iya mallaka quadrants - 1, 2, 3, 4, da kuma yara - 5, 6, 7, 8. A wannan yanayin, da quadrant yawan nuna ta farko lambobi. A na biyu lambobi ne da hakori lamba (1 zuwa 8). Wannan mutum hakori dabara makirci wanda taimaka a kewaya da tsarin da muƙamuƙi.

Irin wannan tsarin aka dauke su mafi dace don amfani, tun babu haruffa da kuma Lines. Kuma a wannan batun, a cikin ofishin na wani likitan hakori saduwa, za ka iya ji cewa shi zai zama wajibi mu bi 34th ko 47th hakori, kuma yaro - 51 minutes ko 83 minutes. Amma wannan ba ya nufin cewa ya fara tasawa na 47 da kuma 83 a yaro.

Haderupa tsarin

A wannan ka'idar, domin sanin wuri da hakora amfani da Larabci numerals. A saman layi ne alama ce "+", da kuma kasa da alamar "-". Milk hakora an nuna su kamar lambobi 1 zuwa 5 tare da Bugu da kari na sifili, da kuma alamomi "+" da "-" a kwatanta da molars.

Multifunctional alphanumeric Hanyar

Wannan tsarin yana gane da American Dental kungiyar, ya yi tsayayya da cewa wani hakori a cikin jerin yana da yawan manya da wasika - a yara. Kirgawa ya kamata a gudanar da hagu, ya fara daga babba dama hakori, sa'an nan daga hagu zuwa dama a kan kasa line.

Human dentition, da kewaye wanda aka sau daya ɓullo da su yi amfani da shi a magani, taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin cikakken nazarin da jerin hakora a cikin manya da ƙananan muƙamuƙi tsarin. Za ka iya samun matsahi na saba da zane, domin mu fahimci yadda za a kama hakora a bude matsayi na muƙamuƙi.

maraƙi hakora

Sababbu hakora fada fitar da ake maye gurbinsu da yara a tushen, kamar yadda mai mulkin, a cikin shekaru kungiyar 6-7 shekaru. Amma akwai wani lokacin da wasu sabani a wadannan shekaru, alaka da musamman halaye na wani kwayoyin. Dentition iya zama wani mataimaki a cikin nazarin wadannan siffofin.

Don ganin yadda za a sabunta hakora ɗauka da sauƙi fahimta da bayani dalla-dalla dentoalveolar tsarin da ta bayani dalla-dalla. Duk da cewa da saba madara hakora an yanke bayan da jariri ne rabin shekara, suna kafa a farkon matakai na ciki. Yana da quite mai tsawo da kuma wuya tsari, wanda aka kammala a lokacin da na uku trimester ciki. Kuma da zaran haifi jariri, sai ya fara fita farkon m hakora. Kuma a wannan batun muna bukatar kula da kiwon lafiya na deciduous hakora, kamar yadda da kamuwa da cuta caries baby hakori iya da kyau ganimar da kumshe da 'yan asalin.

Mene ne bambanci

Hakori dabara kafa deciduous hakora yana da wasu bambance-bambance da m. An adult - 32 hakora, wani yaro - 20 kiwo. Sau da yawa da asarar deciduous hakora faruwa a lokacin riga yanke tushen. Sau da yawa iyaye damu domin gaskiyar cewa sakamakon da shigowa, da kuma asarar iya a tare da zafi domin su yaro. Amma ga mafi part of su juyayi a banza, tun da wannan version ne a zahiri cire. A halin da ake ciki shi ne cewa a lokacin da shiri na hakori tsarin maye gurbin hakora, sannu a hankali za a fara bace kiwo asalinsu. Kuma wannan shi ya sa hakora fara zama sako-sako da kuma fada fita, kuma a cikin wuri zuwa girma na dindindin. Yawanci, ci gaban faruwa tare da ƙananan incisors. Hakora fada fitar hankali, da kuma dukan mataki yana daga 6 zuwa 8 shekaru.

Dentition a yara

Cikakken asibiti ko dabara madara hakora a wani yaro ce Roman numerals a cikin wannan tsari:

V IV III II I II III IV V

V IV III II I II III IV V

Saboda haka, kowace rabin manya da ƙananan jaws yana da biyu yankan gefen Lines (I, kuma II), 2 manyan m hakori (IV kuma V), da kuma canine 1 (III), kananan matauni hakora sun bata, da dukan muƙamuƙi yana da 20 hakora.