Imagism adabi: definition da kuma halaye. Wakilai imagism a Rasha adabi na karni na 20th

Imagism matsayin wallafe-wallafen Trend a Rasha da aka kafa a cikin 1910s. Ya aka hade da rashin iyawa na al'adu tsarin na lokaci don amsa ga sabon kalubale cewa ka fito lokacin miƙa mulki zamani, tare da azumi taki na rayuwa karu. A auka daga cikin saba hoto na duniya da kuma fitowan da wani zabi ga musamman acuteness rinjayar da dukan wallafe-wallafen tsari. Da farko shi shafi matasa artists da kasida.

Asalin kalmar "imagism"

Kalmar "imagism" a cikin adabi ne a wajen samo daga avant-garde shayari Ingila makaranta. Wannan makaranta da aka mai suna IMAGISM. Gaya mana a takaice game da shi. A Rasha buga na farko bayanai game da Turanci imazhistah bayyana a cikin 1915. An sa'an nan kuma aka buga a cikin tarin "Sagittarius" labarin "English futurists" Za WengerofFs. Yana magana da poetic kungiyar daga London, aka kai ta T. Hulme, E. laba, R. Aldington, TS Eliot.

IMAGISM, abin da ya bayyana a Ingila a cikin 1910s, ya kafa kansa a wani tabbataccen m aiki. Ta kasance ba m da kuma poetic, da kuma takamaiman da kuma m - ya kamata kai tsaye haifa gaskiya. Template, tsofaffin poetic cliché imazhisty contrasted tare da "sabo", a wani sabon abu hanya (cikin Turanci - image, daga abin da sunan makaranta). Sun nemi su sabunta da poetic harshe. Wannan ya nuna a cikin su theories na free aya, image.

Lokacin da imagism bayyana a Rasha adabi?

Kalmar "imazhionizm" a Rasha ya bayyana a cikin littafin "Green Street ..." VG Shershenevich da aka buga a 1916. Yana bai yanke dangantaka da futurism marubucin ya kira kansa da cewa. Shershenevich ya biya musamman da hankali ga abubuwan da ke cikin poetic image, ba ta form. Sai ya zama shugaban ideologist na sabon shugabanci. A 1918 Shershenevich ce game da bayyanar "imazhionizma" kamar yadda wani sabon abu na fi Futurism. A zamani lokaci kunshe tun 1919. Tun daga nan sau da yawa ya bayyana manufar "Imaginists" da "imagism" a cikin wallafe-wallafe. A takaice dai definition na karshen za a iya bai wa wadannan: a wallafe-wallafen Trend, ya ce manyan rawar da fi'ili image na da ra'ayin, ma'anar, ya maye gurbin Rasha Futurism.

"Jawabi" Imagist

Imagism a cikin adabi na kasar mu ta taka muhimmiyar rawa. A duk aka sani kundayen da aka buga articles game da shi. Imagist kungiyar, kafa a wancan lokacin, da girmamawa da yake a kan hasashe. An dauke da wani babban alama shayari. A shekara ta 1919, "The Siren" mujallar da aka buga "jawabi" - na farko manifesto da wani sabon shugabanci. Poets da'awar cewa ganewa na rayuwa tare da taimakon image da kari ne kawai dokar kowane irin art, ya kwantantuwa dabara. A wannan daftarin aiki, wani m shirin na sabon shugabanci na mabiya aka gabatar. An jãyayya da cewa tsarin da kayan zane image ne da muhimmanci. A cikin ka'idar da dukan shirin da aka gina. Daga cikin rubutu na "jawabi", mun koyi cewa imagism a cikin adabi yana da wadannan akai: wani takamaiman fahimtar rawar da wakilan ta ado tasiri na image. Shi ne ra'ayi na karshen, wani artificially gina, shi ne rinjaye a wakoki.

"2x2 = 5"

Wani msar tambayar gaskata ga wani sabon shugabanci - a rubutun Shershenevich (hoton sama) mai taken "2x2 = 5". Marubucin gan shi shayari alaka lissafi. Ya alama ba dole ba duk wani yunkuri fassara rubutu, tare da banda hakkin mallaka. Domin fitowan na image na daidaici na tsarki da marar tsarki. Yana da aka yi hukunci a wani lokacin bayyane jiki images.

Harshe cikin sharuddan imagism

Cikin tunaninsa na harshe miƙa wa waɗanda suka yi halitta imagism a cikin wallafe-wallafe. Its wakilan sun tsara da ra'ayin cewa da harshen shayari ne na musamman. A wani wuri mataki na ci gaba, suka zaci shi aka dukkan imbued tare da m ideas. Saboda haka, wakilan imagism a Rasha adabi aka dauke ma'ana don nazarin asalin harshe. A wannan hanya, da za su cikin yanayin images of daban-daban kalmomi. Haka kuma, nazarin da na gargajiya kalma-samuwar kuma kadarori na harshe, suka fara haifar da images of kansu. Duk da haka, da bincike DL Shukurov ce cewa hanyar fahimtar art kalma Imaginists, nominalistichno da kuma kyakkyawan rationalized.

A nema a gare asali hasashe daga cikin kalmomi

Wakilai daga cikin sabon shugabanci ta sanar da babban maƙasudin ne na musamman image, kuma ba kawai wani zato kalma. VG Shershenevich rethought kwarewa Futurists, musamman, sun halitta ka'idar "abstruse shayari". Ya halicci wani version of manufar da ake kira "samovitogo kalmomi." By karshen kamata da tushen fahimtar da triad na ayyukan AA Potebni a kan ilmin harsuna.

Scientist a matsayin wani ɓangare na kalmomi kasaftawa da abun ciki ( "ciki form"), asalin hasashe da kuma waje form. Kãfirtarsu da m sauti da kuma gwaji gefen Imaginists su da hankali mayar da hankali a daidai kan hasashe. Sun yi jihãdi satiate yake aiki. Duk da haka, Imaginists nemi cewa hotunan da ba m.

A rashin hadin kai a tsakanin Imagist

A poetic al'amura, duk da kasancewar al'umma, shi ne ba da cikakken hadin kai a tsakanin sabon shugabanci. Takwarori da abokai a rayuwa, su aka aikata to gaba daya daban-daban tsarin kula da kerawa (hoton a cibiyar - Yesenin bar - Mariengof dama - Kusikov).

Yana da wuya a iya bayyana daki-daki, imagism a cikin adabi na karni na 20th. A tsarin da makaranta kunshi kasida, wanda yana da matukar bambancin msar tambayar ra'ayoyi da kuma siffofin da kerawa, daban-daban biyu a cikin adabi da kuma a kan zamantakewa tsakaninsu. Tsakanin Mariengof da Shershenevich, a hannu daya, da kuma Kusikov Yesenin da - a kan sauran hannunka, za ka iya samun karin bambance-bambance fiye da kamance. Urbanistichen imagism ta farko da na biyu - ruristichen. Duka wadannan jiragen sama da ake nuna da kuma tunani na daban-daban na zamantakewa kungiyoyin, wanda suka fuskanta a lokacin deklassatsii. Duk wannan ya sa da wuya a amsa tambaya "Me ne imagism a adabi?". Tabbatar da dalilin da da halaye wani lokacin take kaiwa zuwa katin shaida na hamayya da juna.

Poetry Mariengof da Shershenevich

Mariengof shayari (ya photo da aka gabatar a sama) da kuma Shershenevich - samfurin declassed birane masu ilimi, rasa ƙasa. Ta samu ya karshe matabbatarta da zamantakewa gami a Bohemia. The aiki na wadannan kasida shi ne hoto na kufai da lalata. M declarative Rokon Mariengof Shershenevich da kuma farin ciki. Decadent alfasha cike da wakoki. Jigogi cewa an saukar a cikinta, da alaka da warai sirri abubuwan. A cike suke da mummunan zato, wanda ya saboda da kin amincewa da wadannan kasida na Oktoba juyin juya halin.

Nature imagism Esenina

Nature imagism Esenina quite daban-daban. Ya kasance wani wakilin wani m yankunan karkara peasantry, da kulaks, wanda shi ma underclass. Duk da haka, a cikin aikinsa za a iya gani a m hali zuwa ga duniya. Amma ya bango ya quite daban-daban. Sergei Alexandrovich imagism zo daga abincinsa noma, ya corporeal concreteness. Shi ne a kan tushen da karshen, ya girma. A zuciya na shi - zoomorphism da anthropomorphism na m tunani na manoma.

The shawara Imagist

A cikin "List Imagist" Shershenevich jãyayya da aikin Esenina "Mary Kunamu," a cikin abin da ya msar tambayar ideas an bayyana. Bugu da ƙari, ya soki shayari na 'yan'uwanmu artists. Shershenevich rubuta cewa waka a dangane da mutum images - manual aiki, maimakon Organic, bisa ga A. Kusikov da Esenin. Waka - wani taro na images, maimakon jiki. Daga shi za a iya ja daga tare da compromising daya ko saka wata goma. Tare da ra'ayoyi S.Yesenin kuma bayar da hujjar A. Mariengof a cikin aikinsa mai taken "Buyan Island."

Ya yi imani da cewa zamani gargajiya, lalle zã "zama da magariba." A wasu kalmomin, wannan shi ne "Class II", "poluiskusstvo", "tsaka lokaci", duk da haka, wajibi ne ga talakawa. Kuma a cikin rãyuwar art kanta shi ba ya taka wata rawa. Yesenin ya ce a cikin labarin "Rayuwa da kuma Art". Sergey Aleksandrovich rubuta cewa yan'uwansa ba su gane da jeri da kuma tsari na hada da hotuna da kuma kalmomi. Kuma a cikin wannan su ne ba daidai ba.

tsaga

Saboda haka, zamanin] aular raba. A 1924, shi ya ɗauki siffar. Sa'an nan a cikin jaridar "Pravda" bayyana "Letter zuwa ga Edita", wanda aka rubuta ta hanyar S. Yesenin da I. Georgians. Sun sanar da cewa, a matsayin halitta imagism yanke shawarar kawo wa jama'a cewa, a wani kashi na farko na rukuni na "Imaginists" ayyana watse.

Imagism rawa a Rasha adabi

Ya zuwa yanzu, a cikin wallafe-wallafen sukar ne rigingimu game da ko ya sa imagism kusa yankunan kamar futurism, Acmeism da symbolism. Zai yiwu mafi daidai to la'akari da wannan sabon abu a cikin da yawa igiyoyin cewa wanzu a cikin adabi a cikin 1920s. Duk da haka, wani gagarumin taimako ga al'adun rhyming ya wakilan, kazalika da ake bukata na hadin kai na poetic abun da ke ciki tare da wata lyrical ra'ayi, da sauran bincike a fagen poetics zama dacewa a cikin 1920s. Sun yi aiki a matsayin tunani nufi ga yawan marubuta suka yi aiki a cikin biyu da rabi na karni na 20th kuma tasowa modernist hadisin.

Yanzu da ka san yadda za a ci gaba da magana "imagism a cikin adabi - shi ne ...". A takaice, mun halin da wannan yanki, mai suna ta babban wakilan. Da ka koya da asali ra'ayoyi da cewa suna gabatar da art na mabiya na wannan makaranta. Features imagism a Rasha adabi sun fi mayar da wani magana na shekaru cikin abin da ya zauna da wakilan.