Ina Santa kõgon - mafi tsawo kogo a duniya?

Sa'ad da muka ce "Santa kõgon", ba za ka iya taimaka kwatanta da burbushin ragowar Ice Age Refayawa wanda ya gano majagaba a cikin karkashin kasa dakunan. A gaskiya ma, cikin harshen Turanci kalma Santa ne "babbar". Saboda haka kogon yana da kõme ba su yi tare da Santa. Duk da haka, shi ne musamman m ziyarci. Wannan abu ne mai ban karkashin kasa duniya kunsha na giant dakunan, dogon kafa, branched galleries. Ga sunã gudãna daga ƙarƙashinsu, m waterfalls, akwai wani lake. A Santa kõgon ake samu musamman fauna - eyeless jatan lande, makafi kifi. Wannan karkashin kasa labyrinth ne har yanzu ba cikakken gane. A lokacin, za mu iya magana game da ɗari biyar da tamanin da bakwai da kilomita dari. Kuma wannan m adadi nuna Santa kõgon a mika wuyansu da shugabannin mafi tsawo a karkashin kasa galleries. Amma tare da kowane wucewa shekara cavers samu sabon wurare da kuma dakunan! Game da abubuwan al'ajabi daga cikin underworld, karanta wannan labarin.

Ina Santa kõgon

Bisa ga babbar har na karkashin kasa galleries, zamu iya cewa sun budewa karkashin dukan Ridge Flint Ridge (Flint Ridge) a kan yammacin kakar na Appalachian Mountains. Santa kõgon yana da dama kofofi zuwa surface. Kuma a baya an yi imani da cewa Crystal, m, ba a sani ba - wasu karkashin kasa da tsarin. Duk da haka Speleological nazarin a tsakiyar karni na karshe, sun gano cewa, dukansu suna da alaka da Santa. A shekarar 1972, wani balaguro da masana kimiyya ya gano wani sashi a cikin babbar tsarin na karkashin kasa galleries Fisher Ridge. Cif, da hukuma ƙofar ne dake kusa da garin Brownsville (Kentucky, USA). Tamanin kilomita tafi ne gari na Bowling Green, tare da wanda kogon gama hanyõyi 31E, 31W, kuma na-65. Mafi kusa da filayen jiragen sama suna located in Indianapolis, kuma Nashville.

darajar

Tun daga nan, masana kimiyya sun kafa wata mahada tsakanin karkashin kasa galleries ƙarƙashin kunya Fisher kuma Flint, Santa kõgon ya zama na duniya mafi tsawo. A wannan hasashe, da UNESCO a shekarar 1981 a hada shi a cikin jerin halitta Duniya Heritage shafukan (a lambar 150). Idan ka gama cikin kogo, mamaya biyu da na uku mafi tsawo a duniya, sa'an nan zuwa Santa zai zama fiye da shi ne a kan mutum ɗari da sittin kilomita. Hukumance, shi ne mai ban mamaki halittar yanayi da ake kira Santa-Flint Ridge kõgon System. Yana za a iya fassara a matsayin "Giant kogo tsarin ƙarƙashin kunya Flint." Amma ba kawai saboda girman wannan wuri ne ziyarci da yawon bude ido. Santa kõgon (photo wannan show) ne yadda za ta mamaye ta da baƙi. Ga mummified jiki da aka samu a kasar Indiya, wanda ya mutu shekara dubu biyu da suka wuce lokacin da samar da gypsum. Godiya ga na musamman microclimate kuma babu kwayoyin cuta a cikin iska da kuma tufafi daidai kiyaye cadaver nama. Mun riga mun ambata game da m mazaunan eyeless karkashin kasa da waɗansu kõguna Echo da Styx. Masana kimiyya iya ba tukuna hada da wadannan halittu zuwa wani da aka sani nau'i na kifi. Around Santa kõgon National Park da aka kafa a adana ruwan tekun Atlantika yanayi da kuma yawan jemagu.

Yadda aka kogon tsarin

Tun da farko, a kan shafin na zamani jihar Kentucky lapped m da dumi teku. Miliyoyin mollusks rayu kuma ya mutu a cikin ruwaye, da kuma su bawo nutse a kasa, marmashe, guga man a karkashin nauyin sauransu. Wannan shi ne yadda za iko farar ƙasa samuwar. Sai tẽku ta fara ja da baya, haddasa wata fadi da kuma hana ruwa Layer na sandstone Big Clift. Game da miliyan goma da suka wuce shi ya fara karsting farar ƙasa tsari. Sandstone amsa kamar yadda wani murfin: ya ba da damar ruwan sama ruwan wanke kau da alli a sama. farar ƙasa washout ya faru a cikin ƙaunar da ƙasa da ruwan wani tsoho karkashin kasa da kogin. Saboda haka, Santa kõgon ne ma ban sha'awa cewa akwai kadan hankula kogwanni tsarin - stalactites da stalagmites. Kawai a wasu wurare, da ruwan sama da ya fadi na sukar kofofi da surface na duniya, da kuma leaked ta cikin sandstone, halitta dakuna "daskararre Niagara" da sauransu.

Da bude daga cikin kogo

Kamar yadda main ƙofar, kazalika da sauran takware da aka a baya dauke lazami a wasu kogwanni, shi ya dade saba da na gida Indiyawan. Wannan ne evidenced da mutum kaburbura da gawawwakin matattu da kuma konu daure na kyauro, wanda da masu bincike amfani da wani m jiniya. Mummy getter plaster, murƙushe biyar-ton dutse, sami kilomita biyar daga ƙofar. Amma tsakanin Turawa Santa kõgon shi ya zama sananne ne kawai a 1797, sa'an nan kawai da hatsari. Biyu dayansu a bin wani rauni grizzly ga wata babbar labari a cikin hanjinsu na duniya.

Place nitrate samar da gida landmark

Enterprising mulkin mallaka nan da nan ya sami yin amfani da samu. Da farko owner, B. Simon, samu a nan potassium nitrate , kuma m, saboda sa'an nan akwai wani yaki da England. A peacetime, idan da bukatar constituting wani bangaren na gunpowder fadi, cikin kogo ya zama wani gida janye. Just to, shi da aka gano a mummy na kasar Indiya. Don tafarkin 'yan baƙi zuwa ga kõgon, da mai shi, F. Gorin a 1838 nada jagora da baiwa, Stephen Bishop. Da shi shi ne mutumin dole ne mu farko taswirar karkashin kasa labyrinth. Bishop gudanar a samu ta hanyar da "rami" kuma ka sami cewa Santa kõgon, da tsawon wadda aka sa'an nan dauke su 16 kilomita, da yawa tsawon - 40 km. Wannan jagora-bara je sama tare da sunaye masu yawa dakunan da galleries, wanda yanzu amfani da zamani shiryar.

Sanatorium, National Park

Dzh.Kogan sayi kogon da kuma a cikin ciniki Bishop daga tsohon mai shi da kuma yanke shawarar kafa a cikin ƙaunar da ƙasa sanatorium for consumptive. Marasa lafiya ba zo sosai, amma sannu a hankali da shahararsa ta Santa kõgon a matsayin yawon shakatawa janye daga jihar. A cikin 30s na karshe karni da yan unguwa da kai kara sun sanya rarrabuwa na ƙasar a kusa da ƙofar a cikin zuriyata Kogan. A 1941, akwai Santa kõgon National Park - «Santa kõgon - National Park".

balaguro din

A kowace shekara cikin kogo aka ziyarci by game da dubu 500, yawon bude ido. Da gudanar da National Park yayi baƙi da dama iri balaguro din, daban-daban a duration, cost, tsawon na hanya da kuma cakuduwar. Prices fara a hudu dala (bude sa'o'i Tour). Musamman m shida-hour tafiya (12 USD). Yawon bude ido suke ciyarwa a kan Cleveland Avenue, wadda shãmakunta yi walƙiya daga gypsum. Sa'an nan matafiya da cizo a cikin "Table snowman." A hanya ya wuce ta wata kunkuntar da kuma zurfin kwazazzabo Boone Avenue kuma ƙare a wani zauren "daskararre Niagara." Lighting duk hanyar wannan yawon shakatawa lantarki. Amma ba za ka iya koyi yadda za a duba Santa kõgon a baya, a lokacin da shi da yayi nazari da majagaba. Don yin wannan, kuma akwai 'yan "daji" Tours (46 USD). Baƙi da aka bã kwalkwali, jiniyoyi, kuma su je ta cikin Maze na karkashin kasa da dakunan da galleries, wanda wani lokacin dole hawa a cikin ƙura.