Ina Syr Darya River? Syrdarya River: photo da kuma bayanin

Ta hanyar blooming Fergana kwarin da gorges Farkhad duwãtsu, a kan karkata daga cikin Yunwar Steppe da Kyzylkum hamada Syrdarya gudana - kogi ne mafi tsawo a Asiya ta tsakiya.

"Pearl River"

Tun a tarihi mai nisa, mutane zaunar a kan bankunan na Syr Darya, ta yin amfani da ruwa don ban ruwa. Akwai ba kawai mafi m ƙasar, amma kuma haƙĩƙa, sun shige cikin shahararrun Silk Road intersects tare da ãyari hanyoyi daga Samarkand, Khiva da Buhari.

A Girkanci kafofin, da kogi da ake kira "Yaksart", wanda yake nufin "lu'u-lu'u kogin". Kamar yadda ya aka kira shi, da kuma Turkic kabilu, da kuma mutanen Iran. Ko da a cikin na da Sin tarihin za ka iya samun sunan da Syr Darya - "Chzhenchzhuhe", wanda fassara nufin "Pearl River".

Duk da haka, da lu'u-lu'u a cikin kogi ya ba ta kasance. A zamanin d sunan Syr Darya, mafi m nuna hali na mutanen da ke rayuwa a cikin busassun wuraren da sama da dukan mai daraja da ruwa.

Duk da bayyana a kwantar da hankula da kuma ko da girma, Syr insidious da capricious. Kuma a lokacin malalar, musamman a lokacin da snow narke a cikin duwatsu, shi zai iya ambaliya manyan yankunan. Saboda haka, ko a cikin 'yan da yan unguwa da ya kwantad da hankali da ruhun "Pearl River" kawo ta miƙa hadayar dabba.

A kan bankunan na Syr Darya ne da yawa na tarihi Monuments da gani. Alal misali, Khujand, wanda shekaru ne fiye da 2500 shekaru, Sygnak, yanzu da aka sani da shiri Sunako-Ata, kango na gari Otrar, wadda ta kasance babbar cibiyar a lokacin tsakiyar zamanai. Amma Otrar lalatar da kuma halakar da daya daga cikin 'ya'yan Genghis Khan, da kuma birnin da aka daina haifi.

Janar bayani game da labarin kasa da kuma hydrology

Syrdarya haifa a cikin gabashin ɓangare na Fergana kwarin mahaɗar tsakãninsu biyu koguna - guje daga glaciers na Tien-Shan duwãtsu na Naryn da kuma Kara Darya. Ta hanyar ne ta ƙasar kasashe uku: Kazakhstan, Tajikistan da kuma Uzbekistan.

A tsawon kogin ne 2212 km. Syrdarya - kogi, ko m, amma ba zurfi, don haka shi ne navigable kawai a yankin na Kyzyl-Orda da kuma Kazakhstan.

A jihar na kogin yana da wani babban tasiri ban ruwa tsarin, saboda ruwa daga ta dogon amfani da ruwa da yankunan m. A halin yanzu akwai 700 tashoshi, outputting Syr ruwa a filin da kuma masana'antu yankunan.

A tsakiyar kai na cikin kogin siffofin da yawa tashoshi, don haka shi ne a low-kwance floodplain, wani lokacin swampy kuma overgrown tare da kyauro, kara da tugai gandun daji.

Ina da kogin empties a cikin Syr Darya, shi ne a yanzu quite wuya a amsa, saboda Aral Sea, wanda a baya ya ƙare a ta hanya, kusan wadanda ba babu. Saboda da bushewa, da shi ya kasu kashi biyu kananan tafkunan da kogin ruwa da ake amfani da haka rayayye ga harkokin tattalin arzikin cewa girma ya kwarara a bakinka ne sosai kadan. Amma a hukumance shi yana dauke da cewa kogin gudana a cikin ta Arewa Aral Sea.

A yankin inda Syr Darya River, da dama daban-daban canjin yanayin da shimfidar.

A Ferghana kwarin

Tunawa da kõguna da marẽmari suna gudãna daga glaciers na Tien-Shan, da Syr Darya fara ta tafiya a cikin picturesque Fergana Valley.

Tun III Millennium BC a cikin ƙasa na kwarin akwai cibiyoyin sosai raya kasashe, da kuma har yanzu akwai wasu daga cikin tsofaffin birane na Asiya ta tsakiya - Andijan da Margilan.

A Ferghana Valley ne sosai m, kuma m sauyin yanayi, an san ga ƙarni na da haihuwa. A halin yanzu akwai girma auduga, da shinkafa, da 'ya'yan itace, da kayan lambu, melons, da kuma 30% na Uzbekistan ta yawan zaune daidai a cikin Fergana duniya.

Its yawa Fergana zamar masa dole Syrdarya. Mutane da yawa kananan rivulets daga gaggãwa zuwa ruwan zafi jijiya, Fed kwarin kankara ruwa. Bugu da kari, akwai wani ci gaba ban ruwa tsarin, wanda ya fara bayyana a cikin m baya. Syr ruwa ga wucin gadi tashoshi zuwa garke, melons filayen, da gonaki, da gonakin inabi.

Farkhad duwãtsu

The fitarwa daga Ferghana Valley River block Farkhad duwãtsu, ko kuma wajen dutse, tun lokacin da tsararru ne ba manya-manyan. Syrdarya - kogi ne a kwantar da hankula da kuma ko da m - a nan ya jũya a cikin wani sautin fushi torrent. Punching su hanya a cikin duwatsu, ta yi tuntuɓe a kan wani kunya Mogol-Tau, shi dai sharply zuwa arewa maso yammacin kuma suranta Bigovatskie bakin ƙofa.

A fita daga cikin Syrdarya Farkhad kwazazzabo a Soviet sau aka gina shi hydroelectric. Its tafki taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin ban ruwa na ƙasar Yunwar Steppe.

Abin da bayyana ketare kogin Syr

Bayan fito daga Farkhad duwãtsu Syrdarya ci gaba da hanya ta cikin Turan bayyana, wanda ya mamaye wani babban bangare na Asiya ta tsakiya. Wannan ne mai matukar matsananci da m ƙasar da sharply nahiyar sauyin yanayi. A zafin jiki a nan jeri daga + 40 ° C a lokacin rani zuwa hunturu -40˚S.

A kan ƙasa na Turan filayen ne irin manyan da kuma sanannun na hamada, kamar yadda Kara Kum da kuma Kyzyl Kum. Kuma kawai Syrdarya softens bushe sauyin yanayi na yankin.

Gaskiya, hamada kasance a yayin, kogi ne kawai gudana tare gefen Kyzyl-Kum. Amma shi ya sare ko fiye ciki wuri, kuma located a kan ƙasa na Turan bayyana - jin yunwa Steppe.

A cikin bushe da Salted iskõki lãka gona na steppe ba girma kusa da kome ba, ko da Flora hamada alama more bambancin. Wannan ba wani maras ban sha'awa wuri mai faɗi animates ko mafi zurfi kogin Syr Darya - photo nuna shi da kyau.

Fiye da ɗaya da ɗari shekaru, mutane sun yi kokarin sha ruwa daga Syr Darya jin yunwa Steppe, amma wadannan yunkurin ya ci tura. A ƙarshen XIX karni da na sarki umurnin da dama da mutane dubu a kan shekaru 10 da gina Kaufmansky tashar. Amma ajiye ruwa ya zama wani dalili na eutrophication na steppe.

Koguna da cewa ciyar da Syr Darya

Yankin na kwari ne fiye da 200 000 murabba'in kilomita. A girma daga ruwa a saman ta a halin yanzu, yafi dogara a kan da yawa koguna da kõguna da cewa ciyar narke ruwa kankara. Major aikin gandu na Syr Darya River suna located a tsakiyar kai. Wannan Keles, Chirchik da Angren. The most da kuma mafi m daga gare su, Chirchik.

A Syrdarya da yawa karami aikin gandu, kamar Kasansay, Chaadaksay, Shahimardan, Cox, Bugun, Isfayramsay da sauransu. Karshe ta tributary - Aris - River daukan a cikin ƙananan ya kai, a kan iyakar da Kyzyl Kum hamada.

matsalolin muhalli

Syrdarya - kogin da yake ba da rai. Ta zahiri goyon bayan kasancewar da alheri na sararin yankin. Kuma mutane da jin kunya amfani ta karimci, ba shan la'akari da cewa an bayansa da Syrdarya ne kusan na musamman saboda ruwan sama da kuma narkewa glaciers.

Saboda da aiki amfani da albarkatun ruwa da kuma Syr Darya da Amu Darya a karshe biyu na shekaru da dama sun rage yawan gudunmawar da hannun jari. Saboda haka, yawan ruwa da ta sa Syr Darya cikin Aral Sea ya rage da 10 sau. Wannan shi ne babban dalilin da bushe m teku.

Kuma lalle ne, haƙĩƙa kogi ya zama m kyawawan a tsakiyar kai na zama sleeveless cibiyar sadarwa na tashoshin da Marshes.