International ci gaba bankuna. IBRD

Regional lamuntawa cibiyoyin samar da rance da kuma fasaha taimako ga Amurka tare da wani ra'ayi zuwa ga zamantakewa da kuma tattalin arziki. A ranar, da Inter-American, Afirka, Asian bankuna. Sun raba raga da ayyukan. A wannan labarin, za mu tattauna a daki-daki data kasance da sulhu da ci gaba bankuna.

makoman

International ci gaba bankunan da aka kafa domin da dama dalilai:

1) kara da rawar da kasashen duniya al'umma;

2) da bukatar magance matsalolin da ake ba ko da yaushe dauka la'akari da IMF.

3) janye daga waje kudade albarkatun domin manufar da rance.

4) ga inganta hadin gwiwa da kuma tattalin arzikin shiyya daga cikin kasashen.

5) sha'awar mambobi MRBR (zai fi dacewa da ba-shiyya) a inganta fitarwa.

Bambance-bambance da kuma kamance

International ci gaba da bankuna da bambancin matakin na zamantakewa, al'adu da kuma ci gaban tattalin arziki na kasashen. Amma da suka bi irin wannan a raga: ya inganta har zuwa girma yankuna. Da yawa da hankali ne ya biya zuwa yaki da talauci a Asia da Afrika.

Aƙalla daya bisa uku na 'yan bashi cibiyoyin - raya ƙasashe. Su ne suka mallaki mafi yawan babban birnin kasar, sun yi wani tasiri a kan kungiyar. Duk wani yanke shawara riƙi ta kasa da kasa da na shiyya cin bankuna (IDB, ADB, bankin), za a iya katange da Amurka, Japan, Najeriya.

Muryoyin mambobi ana rarraba dangane da zuba jari, babban birnin kasar. Ko da yake, bisa ga Yarjejeniya, mafi kamata cikin yankuna members, amma rabonsu fadi a yau zuwa m (kamar 50,02%) saboda da kara yawan raya ƙasashe a cikin halitta.

IDB

A Inter-American Development Bank - shi ne wani gwamnatoci kungiyar halitta da rancen a Latin America shirin a shekarar 1959. The Board ne, a Birnin Washington, cikin hukumar mulki - Hukumar da ke Council, wadda aka zabe na tsawon shekaru biyar. Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na banki ta 27 shiyya da kuma 20 ba-shiyya hannun jeri. Izini babban birnin kasar - 34 dala biliyan, 30% na kuri'un da su ne Amurka. Resources tara daga kasashen duniya, babban birnin kasar kasuwanni. The Bank samar da rance a kan al'ada kasuwanci sharuddan.

ADB

Bankin raya Afrika da aka kafa ta Organization of Afirka Unity ya inganta ci gaban tattalin arziki na nahiyar baki daya. Ãdalci babban birnin kasar ne biliyan 100 daloli. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa mambobin da kawai 7.6% na wannan adadin, da sauran zauna a cikin nau'i na tabbatar da biyan. A karkashin su da ADB tada ƙarin kudi a kasuwa na aro babban birnin kasar. Matsaloli tare da albarkatun da kungiyar yana da ba. Amma mafi yawan babban birnin kasar da aka mayar da hankali a Afirka.

ADB

Asian bankin raya kudi ana amfani da su ta da ci gaban na Asia da kuma Far East tattalin arziki. Cibiyarsa a Philippines. Yana nufin an bayar da duka biyu mabajan kuma doka abokai. A talakawan rance adadin - 15 da dala miliyan. Key zuba jari yankunan - masana'antu, sufuri, aikin gona, makamashi, da kudi kansu. Kudi suna bayar daga kudi. Al'ada ne ya ara a wani sha'awa kudi na 5% ga 15-25 shekaru. Special used for a-rance ga dogon lokacin da (25-40 shekaru) da 1-3%. A alheri lokacin ne 3-5 da shekaru 10.

IBRD

International Bank for Ma'anar kalmar sake gini da raya da aka kafa a 1944, 170 Member Amirka. Haka kuma an kira Duniya. IBRD aiki - da rancen to tasowa gwamnatoci da kuma gwamnatin kungiyoyi. The mai karɓa zamar masa dole ya yi amfani da kudi domin su muradi. International Bank for Ma'anar kalmar sake gini da kuma raya shi ne wani bashi ma'aikata wadda a farkon ayyukan da aka tsara don mayar da hankali a kan tattalin arziki maida a duk ƙasashe na duniya.

Features na rance

mambobi na banki zai iya zama kawai IMF mambobin. Babban birnin kasar cibiyoyin kafa ta biyan daidai da rabo lasafta ga kowane jihar, dangane da tattalin arziki. A mafi ƙa'ida (17.5%) da kuma yawan kuri'u (17%) ya kasance a cikin United States. The Bank samar da rance ne kawai zuwa sauran ƙarfi bashi ba dage biya akan bashi, don haka bai taba samun diyya. Institution ya tara mai yawa kwarewa a aikin kudi. Its yi ci gaba da fiye da rabin na shekara-shekara adadin kudi kasaftawa da mahalarta.

Resources hada banki ãdalci ga samar da kudin shiga ga matsakaici da dogon lokaci rance. memba gudunmawar wakiltar kasa da 5% na bankin duniya, ta kasafin kudin. Gwamnatin sayayya hannun jari a cikin wani pre-m adadin, wanda aka ƙaddara da matakin na ci gaban tattalin arziki na jihar, amma biya kawai sulusi da murabba'i na kudin. Balance - "kudi bukatar", kawai a yanayin, idan banki zai jawo babbar asarar. Wannan babban birnin kasar za a iya directed kawai zuwa ciyarwa daga cikin shaidu.

shugabanci

A zartarwa jiki na ma'aikata ne Directorate. Yana dogara a kan 5 kwamitocin: duba, administrative, ma'aikata, da samar dokoki, kudin tasiri. Coordination of Bankin Duniya da kuma IMF Boards na gwamnonin tsunduma. Ya nazarin tambayoyi kamar: hadin siyasa arzikin masana'antu kasashen, bashi akan rage m yankuna, kamfanoni masu zaman kansu ci gaba, kazalika da shirya rahotanni for management.

CB "International Bank of Development"

IDB - Lardi bashi ma'aikata, wanda babban aiki - ayyukan da bashi Securities, rance da kuma RKO. Yana da aka kafa a shekarar 1994. Masu da tsarin kananan kasuwanci da aka gani a Moscow: "Alexis ra'ayi", "FC Garant", "Galeon-TM." Don kwanan wata, kasuwanci ci gaban da banki rahotanni da LLC "Intergazneft" da kuma JSC "Urengoymontazhpromstroy".

Mun kafa ya hada da wani shugaban da biyu ƙarin ofisoshin a cikin babban birnin kasar. The International Development Bank (Moscow) mayar da hankali a kan sayar da hannuwan jari. Corporate abokan ciniki suna bayar da wani classic sa na ayyuka, ciki har da na rance da kuma tsabar kudi shiri. Bashi bauta wa yafi kasuwanci Enterprises. Private abokan ciniki da damar zuwa duk ayyuka, fãce auto rance da kuma jinginar gidaje. A duk, kudi ma'aikata akwai 5000 abokan ciniki.

babban birnin kasar

A tsarin da net dukiya da wani gagarumin rabo shagaltar da Rasha issuers 'shaidu (45%) kuma suka ranta fayil (37%). Commercial Bank yana da babban adadin reserves (48%) kuma bashi (26%). A farkon da na uku da kwata na 2013 da ma'aikata ya janyo hankalin game da daya bisa uku na wajibobi daga interbank lamuntawa kasuwar. A kwata rike da sikeli a kan adibas na kamfanoni abokan ciniki, 4% lissafta ta kudi na mutane. Duk da gagarumin gudummuwa a cikin ranking na bankuna a Rasha CB "IDB" bautar 373rd wuri.

ƙarshe

International ci gaba bankuna halitta da jama'a da kuma masu zaman kansu da kungiyoyin domin inganta tattalin arziki da zamantakewa ci gaba al'ummai. Sun kuma hada guda ayyukan. Amma duk wani mataki na irin wannan shiri za a iya gyara da halartar kasashen da suka fi yawan kuri'un da aka kada.