Known tattalin arziki a tarihin dan Adam

The taimako na saman masana kimiyya ya rage dacewa ko da bayan da dama ƙarni bayan mutuwar su. Wannan ya shafi ba kawai ga fice lissafin kimiyya ko lissafi, tattalin arziki sun san ma cancanci wanzuwa ɗaukaka. Mun jera wasu daga cikin mafi m masana kimiyya da kuma nasarorin da suka samu.

Adam Smith

Wata kila wannan shi ne sunan da suka sani, har ma da wadanda suke nesa kudi al'amurran da suka shafi. Lura tattalin arziki Adam Smith da aka haife shi a 1723, a Scotland. Ya kasance wanda ya kafa gargajiya siyasa da tattalin arziki da manyan ayyuka -. "Ka'idar tarbiya sentiments" da kuma "The Dũkiya of Nations" Adam ya fara hanya a cikin sauki gida makaranta, yaro ya ƙaunace su karanta da kuma fadada ayyukan a cikin aji. A shekaru 14, matasa mutum ya tafi a kan ya yi nazarin falsafar a Glasgow, da kuma a 1746 ya riga ya gama da Oxford College, to, ya zama lecturer a adabi, dokar da tattalin arziki. A 1751 Smith ya zama farfesa dabaru, da kayan da ya laccoci zama tushen wani nan gaba littafin game da ji. Mutane da yawa shahararren tattalin arziki a lokacin sanar, amma nan da nan Adam Smith yi watsi da aiki domin kare kanka da tafiya kasashen waje a matsayin rakiya tare da dan da Duke na Buccleuch. A cikin tafiya da yake rubuta manyan aikin, "The Dũkiya of Nations," wanda ya kawo shi a duniya daraja.

Henry Adams

Wannan masanin kimiyyar da aka haife shi a 1851 a Amurka birnin Davenport. Henry ya zama interested in kudi a wani wuri shekaru, yayin da ya yi karatu a jami'a, kuma daga baya ya fara koyar da tattalin arziki. Bugu da kari, ya yi aiki a kan hukumar da iko da babbar hanyar kasuwanci. Kamar sauran sanannun tattalin arziki, Adams ya tsanani canza duniya ta tinkari da kuɗaɗen. Ya yi karatu dangane da jama'a da kuma kamfanoni masu zaman kansu, wanda a yarda jihar canza ka'idojin tattalin arziki tsari. Ra'ayoyinsa Ba dole ba ne daidai da ra'ayoyi da Adam Smith. Henry Adams yi imani da cewa al'umma da kuma gwamnatin za ta tantance tattalin arziki manufofin hada sojojin. Bugu da kari, Henry tasirin a kan ci gaban Railways a Amurka, sau da yawa aiki a wannan yanki a matsayin wani gwani.

Karl Marx

Wannan 'yan qasar na Prussia m hanya na tarihi, tunaninsa ya ba da aka yi wahayi zuwa ba kawai da sanannun masana tattalin arziki na Rasha da kuma sauran kasashe, amma kuma shugabannin siyasa, kamar Lenin. Karl Marx da aka haife a 1818 a Trier, inda ya aikata wani high-makarantar sakandire, sa'an nan karatu a Bonn da Berlin. Bayan jami'a, ya zama sha'awar neman sauyi ideas. Marx yi aiki da shekaru da yawa a cikin jaridar, sa'an nan tsunduma a harkokin siyasa da tattalin arziki. Isa a Paris, sai ya sadu da Engels, shi ne karfi da ya rinjayi shi. A 1864 da ya kafa kasa da kasa ma'aikata 'ƙungiyoyi, kuma nan da nan ta buga "Capital", mafi muhimmanci daga cikin ayyukansa. Mafi fi sanin tattalin arziki - Smith, Ricardo zama wahayi ga Marx, wanda, bisa laákari da theories, gudanar da bincike da dangane kudin da aiki, kudi da kuma dukiya. A cewar da imani, kasar da aka gudana a siyasance rinjaye aji. Wannan mahanga ya zama tushen da akidar Karl Marx motsi.

Dzhon Kennet Gelbreyt

Mutane da yawa shahararren tattalin arziki sun karfi da tasiri cikin shakka daga tarihi, amma kawai American masanin kimiyya malami ne na shugaban kasar Amurka Dzhona Kennedi. Galbraith aka haife shi a wani sauki iyali da yara hudu ya tafi makaranta kuma m koleji da kuma a shekarar 1931 ya zama} aramin Science a aikin gona tattalin arziki. Tun da 1934, ya fara koyar da a Harvard. Ya views sun rinjayi da aikin wani sanannen tattalin arziki - Keynes. Bugu da kari, Galbraith yi aiki ga gwamnatin, tsunduma a farashin iko da ijara matakan. Tun 1943, ya yi aiki a «Fortune» mujallar, da kuma a shekara ta 1949 ya koma zuwa Harvard. A zamanin yakin duniya na II ya kasance a cikin tawagar tattalin arziki da rike kumbura karkashin iko - da sakamakon da 'yan girma mawuyacin kasance har yanzu da muhimmanci matuƙa ga United States of America. Lokacin a 1960, sai Kennedy ya zama shugaban kasa, Galbraith aka nada jakadan India. A lokacin da shekaru ransa, ya rubuta littattafai masu yawa, daga cikin mafi yawan sanannun ne irin ayyukan da suna "The m Society", "The New Industrial Jihar" da "tattalin arziki da kuma zamantakewa manufofin." Har sai da ya karshe kwanaki Galbraith ci gaba da aiki na rayayye wallafa bincike takardunku, yayin da sauran wani m gwani da gwamnatin shawara, kazalika da kiyaye koyarwa, da kuma a 2006 ya rasu na halitta haddasawa.