Mace 'yan saman jannati na Tarayyar Soviet da kuma Rasha. Matan da suka kasance a sarari

Yanzu daya ba zai iya zama mamaki jirgin cikin sarari. Hakika, ba su da riskarsa kamar sananne, amma har yanzu irin wannan dama, wasu tare da na farko matakai na bil'adama a matsayin tushen da ba a sani ba iyaka taurarin sama babu kuma. Tana da fiye da rabin karni tun da farko jirgin a cikin tarihi na sarari. A wannan lokaci, fiye da ɗari biyar mutane gudanar ganin ta cikin gilashin taga, yadda suke m expanses talikai. A kan jirgin da kumbon sama jannati tashi ba kawai maza. Daga cikin su akwai kuma akwai mace 'yan saman jannati na Tarayyar Soviet da kuma Rasha.

Duniya na farko

Jagoranci a wannan yanki nasa ne daya daga cikin shahararrun mutane a duniya - Valentina Tereshkova. Ta aka haife shi a 1937, a wani karamin kauye, tana kusa da Yaroslavl. Lokacin da ta ke da shekaru 22 da haihuwa, ta mai tsanani janyo hankalin zuwa parachuting.

A cikin shekaru 1962-1997, ta kasance wani memba na mace cosmonaut kungiyar soja. Fãce shi har yanzu 4 'yan takara na jirgin. Dole ne in ce cewa Tereshkova ya ba da mafi kyau na jimiri da kuma dacewa. Amma da sai gwamnatin yanke shawarar ya ta farko aika a cikin sarari.

Akwai dalilai guda biyu, wanda ya rinjayi da hukuncin. A farko daga cikin wadannan - da asali. Valentina Tereshkova ya, kamar yadda suka ce a lokacin, ya zo daga "da mutane." Dalili na biyu - da kyau kamannuna, fara'a da kuma baiwa.

Duk da cewa a hukumance da manufa da aka dauke da wani rabo, ba ba tare da matsaloli. Tereshkova aka ba rashin lafiya, kuma da kwat da wando ya sosai m. Saboda wannan, ta bai iya yin duk shirya ayyuka a full. Bugu da kari, shi nuna wani adadin sauran fasaha matsaloli. Alal misali, sa'ad da manual taro kuskure aka yi, wanda kusan ya jagoranci wani sabawa daga jirgin ya falaki. Amma a matsayin kayan aiki da aka a kan ball, da saukowa tafi da kyau.

A shekarar 1963, Valentina Tereshkova samu title of Hero na Tarayyar Soviet. Bugu da kari, shi ne har yanzu kawai mace a Rasha sojojin, sanye da daraja na Major General.

Dole ne in ce cewa dukan mata na Rasha, sun kasance a sarari, sanya wani invaluable taimako ga ci gaba da kuma nazari na mu talikai. Amma Valentina Tereshkova, kuma wannan rana shi ne na farko da kawai wakilin adalci jima'i, ya yi shi kadai a cikin jirgin zuwa kewayewa da Duniya.

A farko a bude sarari

Wani mace, suka ga halittu zama Svetlana Savitskaya. Ta aka haife shi a shekarar 1947 a cikin iyali na Marshal, kuma ya kasance wani xan sama jannatin saboda ta manyan al'amurra, so-iko da babban kwarewa.

Savitskaya aiki ya fara tare da NGO "Tashi", inda ta yi aiki a matsayin gwajin matukin jirgi. A shekarar 1982 shi ya fadi a cikin "Soyuz T-7" sararin ƙungiya, inda ta shafe 8 kwanaki. Bayan shekara 2 ta shiga free sarari, inda samfurin 3 hr. 35 min.

A mafi tsawo jirgin

Wani wakilin, shiga jerin "Women cosmonauts da Rasha", ya zama Elena Kondakova. Ta aka haife shi a shekarar 1957 a birnin Moscow, a garin Mytischi. A shekarar 1989, ya zama dan takarar cosmonaut da kuma bayan horo na musamman da aka m bincike.

Kamar ta biyu magabata, Elena Kondakova ma ya zama na farko - domin duration na tsaya a sarari. A total tsawon kusan 179 kwanaki. Ta na da biyu flights - daya a shekara ta 1994 a tashar "Mir", na biyu - a 1997, da jirgin "FC" (jigila).

Mace 'yan saman jannati na Tarayyar Soviet da kuma Rasha ne ba kawai masu bincike na sarari, amma kuma dauki wani aiki sashi a cikin rayuwar siyasa na kasar. A 1999, Elena Kondakova zaba mataimakin a jihar Duma.

A sabon "Star Woman"

Bayan shekaru 17, Satumba 26, 2014 daga Baikonur fara gaba sararin ga ma'aikatan jirgin wanda ya hada da Elena Serova. Wannan shi ne ta farko jirgin. A karkashin shirin, ya kamata šauki 170 kwana da dare.

Haife ta huɗu mace a sarari a cikin seaside kauyen Vozdvizhenka. A ƙarshen Moscow sufurin jiragen sama Institute, ta dauka aiki a Ofishin Jakadancin Control Center. Ta kullum inganta da basirarsu da kuma a shekarar 2009 ya zama wani gwajin-cosmonaut.

Mace 'yan saman jannati na Tarayyar Soviet da kuma Rasha ko da yaushe a kan saman. Sana'a bukatar mai yawa ƙarfin hali, karfi nufin iko da kuma damar iya ba don samun batattu kuma mu jimre wa wani m events.

Kuma bari dogon jerin mace 'yan saman jannati na mu compatriots ne kananan, su yi duk abin da a gaban. Bayan duk, har yanzu akwai da yawa daga m da ba a sani ba, wanda shi ne fraught tare da gaske m talikai.