Manufofin da glasnost - cikin hanyar auka daga cikin duniya sotsialistizma

A farkon rabin na eighties, akwai m canje-canje na shugabannin jam'iyya a Tarayyar Soviet, Brezhnev, Andropov, Chernenko sa'an nan. Dalilin da ya sa sakatarorin-janar ya bar post, yana da kyau, da kuma mutuwa da dalilin mutuwar, bi da bi, shi ne kuma m - tsufa da kuma related yawa ailments. Kuma haka ne, a shekarar 1985, sabon babban sakataren an zabe a Plenum na kwamitin tsakiya na cikin CPSU kwamitin tsakiya Mihail Sergeevich Gorbachev. By da matsayin da sai jagoranci, ya kasance taurin kai matasa, da ya ke kawai kwanan nan, kwanaki tara kafin taron, ya juya 54.

A sabon shugaban jam'iyyar, ya kuma inganta a kasar, ya gane cewa duniya gurguzu tsarin, da kuma, musamman, a cikin tarayyar Soviet , wani babban matsala. A tattalin arzikin da aka kasa aiki, mutane sha mai yawa barasa, kuma lalle ne duk ko ta yaya ba haka ba ... Kuma ya fara aiki.

A watan daga baya Soviet jama'a koya cewa cikin hanzari - yana da ba kawai abin da dalili ne mai karfi, amma wannan hanya na aiki.

Ba da da ewa anti-barasa kamfanin, wanda ke haifar a cikin sha kasa yi ba, amma da ruwan inabi masana'antu da kuma viticulture sun sha wahala. Sa'an nan ya zo da manufar glasnost. Da farko abubuwa farko.

Saboda haka, cikin hanzari, manufofin da gaskiya, kuma tsarin dimokuradiyya a cikin adadin kaddamarda da kalmar "perestroika", wanda tare da m lafazi furta shugabannin kasashen turai, ba fassara a cikin 'yan qasar harsuna, kamar kalmar "tauraron dan adam" a shekara ta 1957.

Wannan m jũya ba zai iya taimaka amma suna da wani yankunan da sakamako a kan ƙasƙancin rãyuwa gurguzu tsarin, amma shi ya Gorbachev ta glasnost siyasa ƙarshe haifar don ta duka auka.

Hakika, ba ƙirƙirãwa wani parttermin to su hallaka ƙasar. The asali shirin gyãrãwa na kwamitin tsakiya da aka bai, kawai ake bukata a embellish wani labarin, ya bayyana wasu shortcomings, amma muhimmai kada ku shãfe, aiki a kan wani "bad Stalin, Lenin, da kyau." Idan Stalin harbe Bukharin, misali, shi ne saboda karshen da aka sosai mai kaifin. Kuma ya tabbatar da wani zance daga Lenin "Blue Littafin Rubutu". Yezhov ba ya ƙidaya ya harka.

Amma wannan manufar glasnost Yana sa mai tsanani hangula na wasu 'yan kwamitin tsakiya, kuma ko da talakawa' yan ƙasa, da kuma sanannen labarin Niny Andreevoy a "Pravda" ya zama manifesto.

Kokarin sa da bayanai kwarara iko, daya daga cikin shugabannin da CPSU I. Polozkov amince ko da a gaban siyasa na glasnost, shi ne haƙĩƙa kyau, amma da hakkin ya sami ya na musamman tsarinsu.

A gabansa da wani rauni daga cikin gwamnatin, shugabannin da dama daga cikin 'yan adawar, mafi yawa nationalists fara tsaya ga su line, haddasa mutuwa da halaka. Wannan ya faru a NK, Tbilisi da sauran maki "dagagge zafin jiki". Kokarin mayar domin ta karfi ya kai ga ma ya fi muni sakamakon. A ƙarshe, mafi mutane suka fahimci cewa babu "gurguzanci mai fuskar mutum" ba zai iya zama. Fuskarsa bai canja ba. Wannan bayyana auka na yunkurin juyin mulki a shekarar 1991 da kuma nasarar Yeltsin.

Kamar wancan ƙare kwaminisanci zamanin, da kuma manufofin da glasnost. Nasarori da kuma halin kaka shi ne yanzu zai yiwu don nazarin. Tsohon sun hada da tashi ba zato ba tsammani a cikin marigayi 80-ies na jama'a sha'awa a cikin buga kalma, albeit short-rayu. Kuma zuwa na biyu - sawwaƙe hargitsi, wanda ya jefa kasar ga shekaru ashirin, da kuma jin da sakamakon abin da muka duk zai zama na dogon lokaci ...