Mene ne MICEX da RTS? Moscow Exchange MICEX-RTS

Wato, da MICEX da RTS, sani na ba kawai sana'a yan kasuwa, amma kuma talakawa 'yan ƙasa. Exchange ciniki ya zama wani ɓangare na saba rayuwar yau da kullum, barga topic labarai ciyarwa, shi ne tattauna a jihar matakin. Amma yadda da Rasha Trading? Abin da dalilai shafi stock farashin? Mene ne na musamman game da hanya na ciniki a Securities a lokacin rikicin kudi? Mene ne ka'idodin da stock mu'amala da abin da su ne fasali na tarihi na Rasha ciniki kasuwar?

Mene ne Stock Exchange

Stock mu'amala - kungiyoyin dake wakiltar kudi cibiyoyin, inda masu hannun jari da kuma sauran Securities yi yawa ma'amaloli da buying da sayar da. Yawanci, wannan na faruwa ne ta shamaki ba. Mahalarta musayar - wannan Securities yan kasuwa da kuma daban-daban kudi cibiyoyin. Ciniki daidai da ciki dokoki da halaye na kudi ma'aikata. A rarrabe da kasuwar jari daga sauran - da dukiya ne kawai Securities.

Da darajar da aka kafa da sunadaran da wadata da kuma bukatar, da sayen kuma sayar da daukan wuri bisa ga dokoki. Masana sun ayyana dama ayyuka na stock mu'amala. Da fari dai, shi ne mai shiga tsakani, haifar da yanayi na sayar da Securities da issuers da kuma masu zuba jari. Abu na biyu, shi ne da ke nuni aiki - kimantawa na farashin hannun jari da kuma m. Na uku, wannan tsari - a gaskiya, da definition dokoki da cinikayya da dokokinta. Trading Tarihi a Rasha sani da uku mafi girma a stock musayar daga cikin iri: "Moscow Exchange", MICEX, RTS.

MICEX: daga Soviet farkon zuwa yanzu

MICEX (Moscow Interbank Currency Exchange) ya bayyana a shekarar 1992. Amma shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa na farko da irin wannan kudi cibiyoyin sun fito a Rasha a cikin marigayi 18th - farkon 19th ƙarni. A Soviet sau, musayar bai yi aiki ba. MICEX fãra daga kasashen waje musayar auctions, wanda aka shirya Vnesheconombank. A cikin rabi na biyu na 90s a kan stock musayar an Kanmu nan gaba ciniki, kazalika da Securities na Corporation. The aiki aiki na MICEX ci gaba ko da a cikin 1998 rikicin shekara.

A 2000s, da ciniki girma shi ne daruruwan biliyoyin daloli. Akwai quotes na daruruwan kamfanoni. Fiye da 200 daga cikinsu suna da a total capitalization na fiye da $ 300 biliyan. Dollars. Hannun jari suna yi ciniki a kan MICEX mafi girma Rasha kamfanin "Gazprom", "Lukoil", "Rostelecom".

RTS: da shekaru na " 'yancin kai" da kuma ci tare da MICEX

Na dogon lokaci da MICEX zamani da sauran mu'amala - RTS, wanda aka kafa a 1995. Nan da nan bayan fara ta da wani musamman index. Domin da Securities kasuwar na Rasha Federation, ya zama daya daga cikin key. A 2000, akwai Moscow Stock Exchange RTS, da kuma a kan ta da asali - kagarar kasuwar (da aka sani a kan zabin da kuma nan gaba). Tun shekarar 2005, cinikin zai kai kowa zuwa asirce via da Internet. Online ciniki ya zama haka rare da cewa mafi yawan Rasha-magana Internet masu amfani fara fahimtar abin da MICEX da RTS, wanda wadannan Tsarin ake halittawa.

A shekara ta 2007, akwai wani kudi yanke shawara RTS fara, wanda sun iya kasuwanci Securities na kananan da kuma matsakaici-sized Enterprises. Game da shi Exchange ya samo asali a cikin wani kudi da makami, da yiwuwar wanda ya dace a fadi masu sauraro, daga talakawa} duk iri kasuwanci. A 2008, akwai wani "Ukrainian Stock Exchange" a shirin na Moscow RTS Exchange. Tare da wannan Ukrainian jama'a su sami damar yin kasuwanci hannun jari via da Internet. A 2008 ya bayyana a kan RTS kasuwar jari a rubles, wanda shi ne wani fatauci mafi ruwa dukiya bayar a Rasha. A marigayi 2011, biyu kudi cibiyoyin garwaya a cikin OJSC "Moscow Exchange". MICEX, RTS, su ayyukan da mafita duk da haka ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a ci gaban da Rasha stock kasuwar.

Dalilai kayyade darajar hannun jari

Babban nuna alama na darajar Securities a kan Stock Exchange - quotes. Suna nuna mafi sau da yawa a cikin maki ko raka'a kudin. Abubuwan da sanin quotes MICEX da RTS, a matsayin dukan, dangane da halayyar da sauran mu'amala da kasuwar dokokin. Da farko, shi fihirisa a kan sauran ciniki benaye. A halin da ake ciki a duniya shi ne mai karfi sakamako a kan Rasha stock mu'amala. Quotes wakiltar, kamar yadda mai mulkin, kamfanin ta riba. A mafi girma shi ne, da hakan ne da maki a kan Stock Exchange. Wani factor - da manufofin gwamnati kamar yadda a cikin kasa da kasa fagen fama da kuma a cikin kasar. Idan abubuwa a cikin dangantaka tare da sauran kasashe kara ba kyau sosai, shi mai fuskantar shakka daga masu zuba jari da kuma babban birnin kasar outflows.

Ministan harkokin wajen 'yan kasuwa ya zama saba da Rasha kasuwar. Sun san abin da MICEX da RTS, kazalika da doka gade a cikin mutum na da "Moscow stock musayar." Saboda haka, tun samu wani mummunan sigina daga fagen siyasa, zai iya yanke shawara a kan karbo daga babban birnin kasar daga kasar Rasha. Share farashin kamfanonin shafi da bazawa na kudaden shiga da kuma asarar data. Securities nasara kasuwanci sayi mafi alhẽri, kuma girma a cikin darajar. A mafi muhimmanci factor musamman domin Rasha - farashin man fetur. A lokacin da ya podstupat rikicin, da yawa yan kasuwa da aka yi mamakin: "Abin?" MICEX da RTS, kamar, sun nuna kyakkyawan sakamako ba, amma sai quotes auku muhimmanci. The al'amarin ya a farashin da "black zinariya", depreciating da yawa.

Ban sha'awa a kan MICEX

MICEX, a cewar wasu manazarta - da babbar kasuwa, a Gabashin Turai. Masana sun nuna cewa, kasashen waje masu zuba jari suna bi da babban juyayi ga kudi tsarin. A cikin MICEX, akwai wani fatauci a cikin hannun jari, hannun jari, shaidu, ajẽwa receipts. Exchange damar domin tattaunawa da fatauci, repurchase m sale. Ga za ka iya kasuwanci zabin da kuma nan gaba. Tare da RTS, MICEX a lokacin da samuwar da kasuwar da aka rayayye tasowa Internet fasaha. Trading a hannun jari a stock musayar gwamnatin da aka gabatar tun 1999.

Ban sha'awa game da RTS

RTS a lokacin da " 'yancin kai" da yawa kasuwar masana yi imani da Rasha ta most lantarki stock musayar. Daga cikin sananne na da kaddarorin - AMINCI. RTS Technical Center an halitta su kara da zaman lafiyar na musayar. Wasu masana sun yi imanin cewa musamman shirin halitta da wannan tsarin, ba a Rasha.

Duk wani canji - RTS, MICEX, su waje takwarorinsu - yana da wani kayayyakin tsara don samar da wani amintacce ne kuma abin dogara sadarwa a tsakanin issuers da kuma masu zuba jari.