Masana kimiyya sun iya haifar da wani maganin da ciwon daji

A biyu da kananan karatu, masana kimiyya sun nuna tasiri na a ciwon daji maganin da ke taimakawa wajen marasa lafiya yaki da cutar ta amfani da tsarin na rigakafi, wadda ta fara kai farmaki da ciwon daji Kwayoyin.

gwaji maganin

A cikin duka karatu, da masu bincike amfani da wani gwaji ciwon daji maganin domin lura da marasa lafiya da suke sun ɓullo da wani m nau'i na melanoma (fata ciwon daji). Dukansu nazarin ya nuna cikakken bacewar na marurai a mafi yawan marasa lafiya bayan da aka ba su wani ciwon daji maganin. Ga marasa lafiya na biyu kungiyar amfani da wani daban-daban irin magani, wanda inganta da ikon da tsarin na rigakafi don yaki da ciwon daji. A wasu marasa lafiya, wannan rukuni na marurai ma ya bace gaba daya.

Yanzu masu bincike suna tasowa a irin wannan maganin da wadannan irin ciwon daji, kamar yadda glioblastoma (a irin kwakwalwa ciwon daji), da ciwon daji na kodan, da maikacin jini, da kuma ovarian. Wannan ya ce Dr. Ketrin vu, wanda shi ne wani masanin Cibiyar Dana-Farber Cancer a Boston. Ta jagoranci daya daga cikin karatu. "Mutane da yawa marasa lafiya da suke fama da sauran iri ciwon daji, na iya amfana daga lamba," - ya ce Wu.

Rayar da m Kwayoyin

Duk wani ciwon daji magani ya kamata a da nufin ciwon daji Kwayoyin kuma kayayyakin lafiya. A wannan dabarar, da masana kimiyya so don samun maganin, m na dauke da kwayoyin da cewa kawai shafi ciwon daji Kwayoyin. Irin wannan alluran iya taimaka tsarin na rigakafi zuwa "gani" a ciwon daji Kwayoyin barazana, hakan ya sa ta jawo hankalin m sel (ciki har da T lymphocytes) to rabu da ciwon daji.

Amfani da mahaukaci sunadaran

Don magance melanoma raba bincike kungiyoyin an aiki tare da biyu daban-daban na alurar. Test sakamakon da aka buga Yuli 5 a mujallar Nature.

Melanoma ne sau da yawa tare da maye gurbi lalacewa ta hanyar daukan hotuna zuwa UV haskoki a kan fata. Wadannan maye gurbi sau da yawa kai ga bayyanar mahaukaci sunadaran - neoantigenov cewa ba wanzu a cikin jikin mutum. Doctors yi imani suka iya zama da amfani hari ga alurar. Wannan ya bayyana by Dr. Cornelius Melif na Leiden University a cikin Netherlands, wanda aka ba da hannu a cikin bincike.

Features na farko nazari

A farkon binciken, Wu da abokan aikin ta gudanar da wani alurar riga kafi shida marasa lafiya da suke yi a baya da tiyata don cire ƙari. Kanka maganin amfani da masana kimiyya ga kowane mutum haƙuri: su bincikar da DNA na ciwon daji Kwayoyin kuma da lafiya batutuwa samu takamaiman ƙari maye gurbi da kuma hade neo-antigens.

Da masu bincike sa'an nan amfani da kwamfuta tallan kayan kawa don hango ko hasashen wanda neo-antigens rigakafi Kwayoyin iya rarrabe tsakanin mafi kyau. Sa'an nan, da suka shiga wani maganin ga marasa lafiya. Kowane maganin dauke 20 takamaiman ga kowane haƙuri neoantigenov.

Bayan hanya, da masana kimiyya sun iya tabbatar da aminci da maganin, kazalika da da ikon sa rigakafi martani a marasa lafiya. 25 watanni bayan da lamba hanya a hudu marasa lafiya bai nuna wani alamun ciwon daji. Biyu sauran marasa lafiya fama da ci-gaba siffofin melanoma, kuma daga baya kammala wani hanya da ake kira iko far, wanda tubalan da sunadaran da wanda ciwon daji iya kashe tsarin na rigakafi. Bayan kara magani a duka marasa lafiya nuna cikakken komawa da baya daga cikin ƙari.

"Mun aka so zuwa ga wani m da karfi dauki a shida marasa lafiya, - sharhi Wu. - Wannan ya tabbatar da cewa ana samun alurar iya hado kan jiki na yau da kullum sojojin T Kwayoyin. "

Na biyu binciken da aka gudanar

A wani binciken da aka gudanar Dr. Ugur Sahin daga Johannes Gutenberg University a Mainz, Germany, masu bincike bincikar 13 cancerous marurai da kuma marasa lafiya ya zaɓi ya 10 maye gurbi a cikin kowane mutum wajen samar da wani maganin halitta daga RNA kwayoyin. Wannan fili, wanda shi ne alhakin coding umarnin amfani da su samar da sunadarai kamar neo-antigens.

A cikin shakka daga aiki tare da marasa lafiya, masana kimiyya ya gano cewa wani maganin zai iya bunkasa su rigakafi martani. 8 daga 13 sun iya gaba daya rabu da siffofin maruran bayan shekaru biyu da magani. Sauran biyar dakwai, komowan cutar faru. Duk da haka, a daya haƙuri na biyar komawa da baya aka lura a kan samun ikon far.

illa

A farko nazari, da masu bincike lura illa lalacewa ta hanyar magani. Vmego sau da yawa da suka bayyana a cikin nau'i na mura-kamar bayyanar cututtuka, gajiya da kurji a allura shafin. A lokacin da na biyu binciken, akwai wani tsanani illa.

A rukunin farko na gwaji

Dukansu karatu ne lokaci na farko da na gwajinsu a cikin abin da kananan yawan marasa lafiya da hannu. Yana da muhimmanci a duba cikin aminci daga cikin magani. Har ila yau, da burin na masana kimiyya a lokacin farko da lokaci - a sami mafi kyau kashi na sabon magani da kalla illa. A sakamakon wadannan kananan sikelin-nazarin da ake bukata don tabbatar da wani babban yawan marasa lafiya.

Ko da yake shi ne har yanzu ma farkon bikin cikakken nasara a kan ciwon daji, amma ga alama masana kimiyya ne a farkon wannan hanya.