Masanin kimiyya Boyle Robert: Tarihi, Binciken

Boyle Robert shine masanin kimiyya, kafin lokacinsa na shekaru da yawa. Shi ba kawai likita ba ne, amma har ma yana da ilimin kimiyya, har ma tiyoloji. A yau ana ganin cewa waɗannan ayyuka ne marasa mahimmanci. Amma ga karni na 17, inda Boyle ya rayu kuma ya yi aiki, wannan abu ne na al'ada. A wannan lokacin ba za a iya ganin mutum ya zama ilimi ba idan bai fahimci mahimmancin tauhidin ba.

Robert Boyle: Tarihin rayuwar farkon lokaci

An haifi masanin kimiyya a cikin dangi nagari, mai kyau, amma ba zai iya zama magajin mahaifin mahaifinsa ba, ɗa na bakwai. Uba, duk da haka, ya ƙaunaci yaron ya kuma yi duk abin da zai ba shi ilimi mai kyau. Robert Boyle, wanda tarihinsa ya cika da abubuwan da suka faru, ya tafi karatu a Jami'ar Eton. A nan ne ya koyi kimiyya na halitta da magani. Zaɓin jagorancin ba abu bace - a wannan lokacin ya tabbatar da kyakkyawan matsayi a nan gaba. Bayan kammala karatunsa, sai ya koma gidan mahaifinsa. Boyle Robert yayi tafiya mai yawa. A shekaru 12 tare da ɗan'uwansa suka fara tafiya a Turai, wanda ya kasance shekaru 6. Masanin kimiyya ya dawo ne kawai lokacin da ya koyi mutuwar mahaifinsa.

Boyle Robert da rayuwarsa a Oxford

Shiga zuwa Stolbridge, ya yi shekaru masu yawa ya jagoranci rayuwa mai rai, nazarin tauhidin da falsafar.

Bayan wani lokaci malamin kimiyya ya yanke shawara ya je Oxford don nazarin ilmin sunadaran da ilimin lissafi kuma ya kara aiki akan wadannan yankunan. A Oxford, ya zama memba na "Gidawar Bautacce", kuma yana godiya gare shi cewa Royal Society of London ya bayyana. Shekaru ashirin bayan haka, a 1680, Boyle Robert ya zama shugaban kungiyar, amma ya ki amincewa. Bayan shekaru 5, an ba masanin kimiyya digiri a fannin kimiyyar lissafi. Amfani da kudi da cewa ta sami gādo, shi ya buɗe sama Lab da collaborates da yawa sanannun lissafin kimiyya na 17th karni.

Masanin kimiyyar binciken

1660 - wani juyi a cikin rayuwar masanin kimiyya. A wannan lokacin yana karatun ayyukan O. Gerike kuma yana so ya sake maimaita gwaje-gwajen da ya yi. Ba wai kawai ya gina famfo mai iska ba, amma kuma ya gano daya daga cikin ka'idoji na jiki, bisa ga abin da, canji a cikin ƙarar kwayar cutar kwayar cutar tana cikin rikicewa ga matsin lamba.

Wato, yanzu ya yiwu ya lissafta lissafi na abubuwa masu haɗari. Abin lura ne cewa Mariott ya gano Dokar ɗaya, kuma shi kansa Boyle ne. A fannin kimiyyar zamani, ya bayyana kamar Dokar Boyle-Mariott. Shi mutum ne wanda ya samo hanyoyin gwaji na bincike ba kawai a ilmin lissafi ba, har ma a cikin ilmin sunadarai. Boyle ya yi aiki mai yawa a fagen atomatik ka'idar. A gare shi, kwarewa shine ma'auni da alamar gaskiya, ga Bacon, wanda Boyle yake magana akansa.

Ɗaya daga cikin hukunce-hukuncen Boyle shine ƙirƙirar motsi mai motsi. Wannan ra'ayin ya kasance cikin tunanin masana kimiyya da yawa. Ya yi tunani Robert Boyle, tutur motsi inji aka real. The ruwa sake zagayowar a cikin yanayi - mafi kyau misali. A cikin ra'ayi, yana yiwuwa ne saboda aikin manyan makamai, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don ƙirƙirar motsi. Bisa ga tsarin masanin kimiyya, idan tsawon tulillar ya karami ne, to sai ruwan da ya hau akan shi zai koma cikin jirgin ruwa a kasa.

Chemist-skeptic

Robert Boyle, wanda taimako ga sunadarai da ba za a iya overestimated, ta wallafa yawa kimiyya takardunku alaka da wannan kimiyya. "Mashahuriyar ƙwararrun" shine mafi shahararrun ayyukansa. A ciki, Boyle Robert ya yi nasara a kan koyarwar Aristotle da kuma ka'idodin "ka'idoji guda uku", waɗanda masu bi da bi sun biyo baya. Sun yi imanin cewa duk abin da ke cikin duniya ya ƙunshi mercury, sulfur da gishiri. Boyle ya tabbatar da cewa wannan ba shi da nisa daga yanayin. A ra'ayinsa, ilmin sunadaran kimiyya ne mai wadatarwa. Ba'a iyakance shi kawai a ƙoƙari ɗaya don juya karfe zuwa zinariya ba, amma dole ne yayi nazarin dukiya na karafa kuma ya kasance a kula da lafiyar mutum. Duk da binciken da aka samu, masanin kimiyya ba zai iya samun zaman lafiya ba. Shi, a matsayin mutum mai imani, ya rikita batun cewa ba zai iya bayyana yawancin abubuwan da suka faru ba yayin gwaje-gwaje.

Shi ne farkon da yayi amfani da manufar "nazarin kwayoyin halitta" kuma ya gabatar da shi cikin kimiyyar sinadaran. Ya yi nazari akan sakamakon yawaita na firingi daban-daban mota, ƙona, da sauransu. 1663 shi ne shekara ta farko da aka yi amfani da alamomi a cikin tarihin kimiyya don ƙayyade ma'auni da acid. Boyle kuma ya karbi phosphorus sakamakon sakamakon gwaje-gwaje na kansa. Masanin kimiyya ya bayyana dukiyar kayan sabon abu, yana nuna ikonsa na haske, solubility, wari da launi.

Wannan shine farkon masana'antun ilimin kimiyya kamar rassan sashin kimiyya.

Tiyoloji shine ceto ga rai

Boyle Robert yayi tunanin cewa yana aikata wani mummunan aiki, gwaje-gwaje da kuma samun sakamako wanda ba shi da manyan malamai ba zasu iya bayyanawa. Yana fatan samun ceto cikin bangaskiya kuma ya ceci ransa. Burinsa yana da ƙarfin gaske ya koya masa korar harshen Aramaic da Helenanci. Sakamakon karshe na masanin kimiyya shi ne ya ba duk dukiyar da ya samu akan cigaban kimiyya a Birtaniya.