Mene ne lardi? A kasashen waje larduna ne daban-daban daga m?

The kalmar "lardi" a cikin Rasha harshen yana da dama ma'ana, kuma saboda wannan wasu mutane shi da muhimmanci shi ne ba gaba ɗaya bayyana. Alal misali, abin da yake a lardin a Rasha? Matsayin mai mulkin, wannan kalma na da dama ƙasƙantarwa, derisive darajar da ake dangantawa da wata kananan birni ko wani karamin gari.

Duk da cewa ba da babban birnin kasar

Wani mazaunin garin na babban birnin na Rasha Federation ya ce lardin - shi ne "wani abu da yake ba Moscow", kuma abõkinsa Bitrus gaba da definition ambata garinsu. Ko da yake Moscow da kuma lugar mafi yawa mazauna ne daban-daban "larduna", da Muscovites yi imani da cewa a garinsu, "zo a cikin manyan lambobi" da kuma cikakken damar rayuwa a cikin babban birnin kasar na Rasha yana da kawai 'yan qasar Muscovite. Hakika, wannan ra'ayi ne ma chauvinistic to karo da shi, don haka abin da ake kira mutanen lardin ci gaba da hallara a babban birni a search na farin ciki. A wasu al'adu, da tambaya "abin da ke cikin lardin" zai amsa quite daban, ba tare da ko dai qasqantarda ko girman kai sautin ko m overtones.

Lardin a tarihi

Asalinsu wannan kalma nufi da ƙasa na zamanin d Roma, wanda administratively biyaya ga shi kuma sun kasance waje wannan yanki. Su ne ke iko da gwamnonin da kuma a zahiri dauke da waje. Fahimci abin da lardin iya, idan muka dubi Latin harshe. Akwai wani ra'ayi da cewa kalmar aka samu daga Latin fi'ili vincere cewa yana nufin "ya dauki wani abu to / kowa Management", da kuma barbashi pro, wanda yake nufin "a cikin sunan." Dukan da aka raba larduna nan ne Roman Empire, duk da haka, tsakiyar iko na kowane daga cikinsu har yanzu a matsayin Roma. A wannan yanayin, da farko, a cikin ba kalma da shi ba a kwantar da ilimin harsuna da wani sikelin ƙasa, domin ya nufi mafi nau'i na gwamnati, maimakon nau'i na yankin raka'a. Wata kila wannan shi ne saboda da bambanci tsakanin tsohon zamani da fassarar, kuma ba kowa ne ya fahimci abin da lardin. Tabbatar da dalilin da dan kadan Heart da kuma dogara a kan ra'ayi su kusanci da shi: tarihi ko geopolitical.

Mu ne don haka daban-daban, amma har yanzu muna tare

A duniya ta yau, kasashen da dama rarraba yankuna zuwa larduna. Daya daga cikin mafi daukan hankali misalai - shi ne Canada. Su aiki sosai kama iko da United States of America: All Canadian larduna ne batun na kowa tsarin mulki, duk da haka, suna da hakkin ya kafa nasu kananan hukumomi, kuma a can ne abstracted daga gwamnatin tarayya. Bayyana abin da lardin a Canada, shi ne mai sauqi qwarai: shi ne mai raba kananan jihar da cewa shi ne batun da janar doka ga dukan ƙasar, amma yana da babban yawan ofishin cikin karkararta. Alal misali, lardin iya ƙirƙirar nasu dokokin, amma watsi da waɗanda cewa an riga an yi wa kundin tsarin mulkin kasar, da ba su dama. A Canada, akwai English- da kuma Faransa-magana lardin, tare da wasu mazauna Faransa-magana yankuna yi imani da cewa harshen Faransanci a Canada aka hana. Yana da m, saboda Canada yana da biyu jihar harsuna.

Irish lardin da kuma al'adu ainihi

Har ila yau, a kan ƙasa na lardin ƙasar da aka raba Irish. Su wanzu kafin, amma sai ya kira da Tuatha cewa Old Irish nufin "mutane", "al'umma" ko "kabilar". Kamar yadda ka gani, da al'adunsu da na Ireland ya kiyaye wannan rana, ko fi son su biya haraji to fashion kuma ba su tuath larduna. To, abin da yake a lardin a cikin kasar ta kabilanci Celts da elves? Tun da farko a Ireland, akwai kawai biyar, amma daga baya a kananan Meath aka hada a Leinster. Saboda haka, riga ya kafa hudu larduna a cikin ƙasa na zamani Ireland. Su ne ba haka ba daban-daban daga juna, duka a Canada, amma mazauna wani musamman lardin za a iya gano hanyar yin amfani da rarrabe lafazi ko yare kalmomi. A babban birnin kasar na Ireland, Dublin, located a lardin Leinster, Münster lardin amma ya wuce shi a size.

The United States da united lardin

Wani mai kyau hanya don ya kwana da Kalmar "lardi" - shi ne don bayyana abin da sandarka. A lardin ne ba yawa daban-daban daga gare ta, amma saboda wasu dalilai, da karami na kasashen fi son su raba yankin ƙasarsu shi ne a kan jihohi. Mafi shahara jihohin - An, ba shakka, wadanda located a Arewacin Amirka. Amurka hada a membobinsu zuwa 50 jihohi. Har ila yau, wannan administrative naúrar wanzu a Australia, India, Brazil, Venezuela da kuma wasu sauran ƙasashe. A wannan yanayin, dauke da babbar Jihar Texas (USA), inda kusan miliyan 27 mutane. A Amurka, da asalin mutum za a iya gano ta ya lafazi, kamar yadda shi ne yanayin da Canada ko Ireland. wata babbar lamba na barkwanci a kan al'adu da bambance-bambance tsakanin 'yan ƙasa na daban-daban jihohi ne na kowa daga Amirkawa, amma a general wannan al'umma iya kira guda, a matsayin haukan' yan kasarta ne kusan guda.