Mene ne wani repo? Kudin Transaction repo

A banki ta liquidity - da ikon na kudi cibiyoyin to bi cikakken tare da duk da wajibai, a fili manne ga deadlines. Don kula da liquidity nagartacce a matakin da ya dace, bashi cibiyoyin rayayye unsa kayan albarkatun daga da dama kafofin. Haka kuma, suna iya zama ba kawai ciki amma kuma waje. A tushen kudi a kasuwannin gida, Jihar, da Central Bank of Rasha. Shi ne ke da alhakin liquidity na banki tsarin. Yana lokaci mu tambayi kanmu abin da ke cikin repo, domin shi ne da yawa, kuma ya aikata a cikin wannan halin da ake ciki babban refinancing kayan aiki.

Repo: Definition

Repo a Turanci sauti kamar repurchase yarjejeniya. Wannan ma'amala, wanda kunshi sassa biyu: sayan Securities da m sale a kan lokaci da kuma a amince da kudin. Repo ma'amaloli za a iya idan aka kwatanta da na rance, na biyu ga wanda protrude Securities bayar a kan mai ba da bashi. na kudin na bashi, ko rangwame - bambanci tsakanin na farko kudin na sayarwa da kuma sayan Securities. Nazarin tambaya abin da repo dole ne a yi la'akari da biyu-hanyar yanayin da inji.

Features ma'amaloli

Babban amfani da inji na hukumar repo ma'amaloli - wani babban kudi na aminci. Yana iya a lura da kasancewa da sauƙi na fasaha aiwatar da aiki. Farashin bashi, wanda suna samuwa a kan repo ma'amaloli ne kadan. Wannan shi ne saboda da kusan cikakkiyar babu hadarin. Idan saboda haƙiƙa hali ba zai yiwu a aiwatar da kashi na biyu na yarjejeniyar, misali, kungiyar-borrower ba zai iya saya mayar da Securities, da mai ba da bashi da ke shiga cikin category na yau da mai bin doka.

halaye na ma'amaloli

Domin ya fahimci abin da repo, la'akari da ainihin halaye da kuma sigogi na wannan category ma'amaloli. Za a iya gano:

• A lokaci na ma'amala.
• Bayyanar ko tsarin da software.
• Rangwame.

Dangane da tsawon wadannan ma'amaloli ne:

• Intraday, kuma aka sani da dare. Su ne ba fiye da a yau.
• Term, wanda da wani ajali balaga.
• Bude a kan abin da biya lokacin da aka kafa.

A halin da ake ciki inda da farko wani ɓangare na yarjejeniya, an riga an kammala, da kuma ajali na ganin na da kashi na biyu na ma'amala ya ba tukuna ƙare, da repo aka kira addashin. Lokacin da kashi na farko da tsari a bude lokaci, na biyu, na daga cikin repo kira bude. Domin gaggawa yadda ake gudanar da dare halin da wani ajali kudi. Ga bude matsayi da iyo kudi.

Yi la'akari da misalin Rasha, da cewa shi ne repo. CBR samar da kudi don repurchase wani lokaci na 1 da kuma 7 kwana, 3 da kuma 12 watanni. Ma'amaloli na tsawon watanni 3, kuma a shekara ba za'ayi a tsare. Su aiwatar dole ne mutum shawarar da babban bankin. A ƙarshe shi ne cewa repos - dai kawai wani gajere tushen liquidity.

Repo ma'amaloli a kudin kasashen waje a cikin kasuwanci kashi

Operation repo ne sau da yawa sanya tsakanin Central Bank, wanda shi ne mai ba da bashi da, a hannu daya kuma da kasuwanci banki, wanda daukan kan rawar da borrower, a daya hannun. A ma'amaloli iya daukar wani ɓangare kuma biyu bankunan a lokaci guda. betting size a cikin wannan halin da ake ciki ne m kawai a kan tushen da interbank kasuwar rates. Su ake daura wa da rancen sharuddan da kuma ingancin da Securities. Repo ma'amaloli a waje kudin tsakanin Central Bank kuma bashi da kamfanonin za a iya gudanar a Moscow Stock Exchange, a St. Petersburg Stock Exchange, karkashin Bloomberg tsarin. Don zama cancanci shiga a cikin gwanjo, da kudi ma'aikata dole ne hadu da wani yawan sharudda, wanda aka kafa nuna CB. Kamar yadda jami'an tsaro a duk ma'amaloli da Babban Bankin iya sa Securities da suke kunshe a cikin Lombard jerin. Su suna dauke su sosai abin dogara da kuma ruwa. Cikakken Lombard jerin Securities kowace rana da aka buga a sabunta form a kan hukuma shafin kula.

Abin da takardun ba su amince da matsayin na biyu?

A matsayin na biyu Central Bank kawai ya yarda da Securities cewa hadu wasu bukatun. A matsayin jingina ba zai iya yin magana:

• Bayar da banki kanta, wanda shi ne na biyu jam'iyyar zuwa ma'amala.
• Securities bayar da wani kudi ma'aikata cewa yana da wani haɗin gwiwa tare da bankin aiki a matsayin borrower a karkashin wani repurchase ma'amala.
• The shaidu da balaga kwanakin na kasa da kwanaki 2.

Ga kowane category na yau da babban bankin na Rasha Federation, fara daga repo duration, buga na farko, matsakaicin kuma m farashin matakan, da rangwamen. Rangwame abubuwa a cikin wannan halin da ake ciki kamar yadda bambanci tsakanin saya farashi da fansa farashin na Securities. Tare da primary rangwame ne m da adadin cewa Central Bank na samar da bashi ma'aikata a kashi na farko tsari. Iyakar da m farashin matakan da ake amfani da yin lissafi da rangwame m ga dukan lokaci na repo.

Liquidity samar da shugabanci: auctions

Don a tabbatar da liquidity na banki tsarin ta hanyar amfani da repo ma'amaloli, Babban Bankin na Rasha Federation aikatawa biyu main yankunan. Bari mu fara da ƙarshe daga cikin yarjejeniyar, wadda ake bisa kan repo gwanjo. Wannan liquidity Trend ne halin da gaban da iyaka a kan kudi bayar a karkashin gwanjo. The shugabanci dogara a kan halin da ake ciki da cewa akwai a cikin kasashen waje musayar kasuwa na Rasha da kuma samuwar wani m sha'awa kudi. Kowace daga cikin mahalarta a cikin gwanjo na da hakkin ya fayil aikace-aikace inda shi ake bukata don saka da repo kudi, wanda zai iya zama ko dai a sama ko daidai to m. Bayani a kan sakamako daga cikin gwanjo za a buga a kan website na Central Bank of Rasha Federation. Saboda haka, repo gwanjo damar yuwuwar bashi zuwa gasa ga sharadi gwargwado ga haɗin gwiwa tare da babban bankin Rasha.

tsayayyen rates

Shugabanci na} awancen a kan tushen da lebur rates sa babban bankin don jawo hankalin kasa da albarkatun kawai ga rana. A yarjejeniyar kira na dare. A kudi ne samuwa a gyarawa sharuddan, kuma haka shi ne domin na girma fi m. Wannan category na cinikayya shirye-shirye da aka aiwatar a kullum.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, da adadin babban birnin kasar wanda bashi cibiyoyin suna da hannu a repurchase auctions, kara tsare. Wannan ya nuna cewa shi ne repo inji a kasashen waje a halin yanzu mukaddashin matsayin rinjaye kayan aiki na liquidity na cikin gida da banki tsarin, wanda aka yi amfani da manufar refinancing kudi rabi.

A disadvantages na shari'a tsarin

A daidai da Civil Code of Rasha Federation kudin repos ba classified a matsayin mai raba category ma'amaloli. A matakin na dokokin Partnership, ana riskarsa kamar hukumar na biyu ma'amaloli a lokaci guda (buying da sayar da) ko a matsayin rance sanya a karkashin wani irin software.

A tarihin akwai gabaceku, a lokacin da repo gane inganci. Yana boyewa da gaskiyar da rancen da tabbaci. Da zarar ma'amala da aka gane a matsayin nakasasshe, da repo kanta hasarar duk da abũbuwan amfãni a kan misali, rance makirci. A kotuna da girmamawa ne a kan gaskiya cewa yarjejeniyar repurchase da dukiyar da aka fili ya bayyana cewa wannan shi ne dukiya da kuma shi ne mai kai tsaye garanti.

Babban wahala tare da repo ma'amaloli

Idan akai la'akari da cewa irin wannan repurchase, zamu iya cewa daga wani m ra'ayi, wannan shi ne mai sauki da tarin tallace-tallace ma'amaloli. A gaskiya wannan tsari ta amfani da wucin gadi arziki kudi da aiki na wani haƙƙoƙin mallaka na wani lokaci. fitina mafita yafi m da cewa kudin repo shaida mai daukan hankali kama a tabbatar, saboda haka, da gaske ne. A sakamakon wannan hilafa tsakanin gaskiya da kuma yan majalisun dokoki da matsayin, kudin repos ba a yarda a wani yakin yawa. A halin da ake ciki na bukatar mai girma da yawa na shari'a da sabawa. Da wuya a gane a wani sulhu kotu a tambaya, cewa irin wannan repurchase. CB ko aikatawa affiliate makirci, amma da kasada domin ta aiwatar zama sosai high a cikin bangare na wadanda ba yarda da jam'iyyun da su wajibai.