Naman sa breeds da aladu asali: nama-m, nama (naman alade). Features na namo

All alade breeds kasu kashi uku main kungiyoyin: m, m nama, da kuma nama. Namo na karshe iri biyu halin kaka dan kadan ya fi tsada fiye da na farko. A cikin wani hali, shi na bukatar mai da hankali tabbatarwa, wani irin na aladu. Nama breeds da kyau kwarai yawan aiki, bred a Rasha a daidai wannan hanya kamar yadda nama da kuma m, akwai da dama.

key siffofin

Na sebaceous alade nama halin a cewa jiki mai sun rarraba kan gawa a ko'ina. Saboda haka su biyu suna - naman alade. Naman sa irin na aladu su ne:

• wani elongated jiki, a bit miƙa zuwa bushe.
• dogon wata gabar jiki.
• kunkuntar gindi, baya da kuma bushe.
• elongated hakarkarinsa, kuma hams.
• hur kai.

Nama da m kankara ma amfani a cikin kasar ne Popular. Shuka su wani bit sauki fiye da naman alade. Saboda haka, daga wadannan aladu iya samun ba kawai high quality-nama da mai amma kuma shi ne mai muhimmanci da samfurin. Wannan rukuni na dabbobi yana da wani biyu sunan - duniya.

Rabuwa breeds ga nama da nama-m wasu har sabani. Gawa ingancin na dabba girma ƙara dogara a kan halaye na rage cin abinci. Wani lokaci, naman alade aladu samun mai yawa na mai. Conversely, daga sebaceous - nama.

Abin da irin na aladu bred a kasar mu?

A Rasha, kamar yadda yake a sauran} asashen duniya, alade ne tartsatsi da shi ne daya daga cikin gargajiya ayyukan noma. A mafi shahara tsakanin manoma yayin da jin dadin nama breeds kamar Landrace, precocious nama da Istoniyanci naman alade.

Har ila yau, a da yawa gidaje tsunduma a namo hybrids samu daga Duroc aladu. Fairly tartsatsi a cikin kasar da kuma Urzhum irin aladu. Naman sa breeds bred, ba shakka, mafi. Duk da haka, wadannan 5 ne mafi mashahuri. Kamar yadda nama da m kankara, wasu daga cikinsu mafi sau da yawa a Rasha girma manyan fari, Breit da arewacin Siberian jinsunan.

Duroc aladu da su hybrids

Wannan irin aka rajista a 1883 a kan ƙasa na Amurka. Its main bayãnin hukuncin alama ne m ja-kasa-kasa launi. Duroc irin yana da:

• zurfi da fadi da jiki na matsakaici tsawon;
• sosai karfi feet tsayi.
• dan kadan mai lankwasa profile na shugaban.
• kunnuwa da drooping saukar iyakar.

Duroc shuka a Rasha yanayi ne mun gwada haihuwa da kuma iya kawo har zuwa 7-9 piglets. Hybrids da wannan irin yawanci samu ta hanyar su tsallaka da krasnopoyasnoy alade. Kamar wancan ne mafi girma darajar yana matasa F2 na biyu ƙarni.

Landrace alade irin: Features

Wannan iri-iri da aka bred a Denmark game da karshe karni. Iyaye mata karfe Manyan White aladu da kuma ninka. A rarrabe fasali na Landrace breeds ne: fari fata da laushi bristle goga, da raya m naman alade da kuma dorsal tsokoki, da tsawo, pendulous kunnuwa. Da shahararsa tsakanin alade manoman Landrace irin sanã'anta farko jimiri, prolificacy, mai kyau riba. Asali su sauki fiye da yawa wasu iri. Gaskiyar cewa landraces sosai resistant zuwa stressful yanayi.

Fast-fari

Wadannan aladu da aka bred a Rasha. A irin aka rajista, a 1993. Rarrabe ne da fasali:

• sosai m jiki;
• manyan meaty naman alade.
• dan kadan drooping kunnuwa.

Precocious wannan irin kira saboda ƙiba, aladu har yanka nauyi iya zama sauri fiye da sauran jinsin dabbobi. A abũbuwan amfãni daga wadannan aladu ne dangana ciki har da jimiri. Kiwo precocious fari iya zama a wani yankin na kasar mu.

Istoniyanci naman alade

A dabbobi da wannan irin tsiwirwirinsu ta tsallaka Landrace, dogon-eared Turai, Finnish, Jamus, da kuma manyan fari aladu. Wannan nau'in ya tunawa duk rare fasali na ta takwarorinsu. A halayyar fasali na Istoniyanci naman alade irin su pendulous kunnuwa kamar Landrace, ruwan hoda fata, da kyau-raya hams kuma kadan bakin ciki kasusuwa.

Istoniyanci naman alade irin na alade ruggedness halin a abinci, m nauyi riba (har zuwa 330 kg), litters (12 aladu) da kuma jimiri. Wasu dauke da shi hasara rauni hidima da kuma sagging na sacrum. A wannan irin akwai 'yan Lines: Picker, Sieber, ɗan fashin teku, da dai sauransu Istoniyanci alade, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, sau da yawa yana amfani ga hybridization a wasu yankunan kasar mu ...

Urzhum alade

Wannan irin aka halitta a Kirov yankin da rajista a 1957. Its main siffofin su ne kamar haka:

• m, m kwarangwal.
• bushe kai tare da wani elongated hancinsa.
• zurfi, dogon jiki;
• kunkuntar baya.
• liberated voluminous ciki.

Wannan irin ne m da farko saboda precocity da kyau sosai ingancin nama. Urzhum aladu yarda dauke da ciki har da makiyaya da kuma fasaha. A abũbuwan amfãni daga wannan irin, a cikin wasu abubuwa, sun hada da wani m disposition da kuma himma da shuka dangane da zurriyarsu. A talakawan nauyi na Boars da wannan irin shi ne 310 kg. Shuka a lokaci zai iya kawo har zuwa 12 kwiyakwiyanta.

Manyan White alade

Wakilai da wannan irin aka shigo da zuwa Rasha a cikin 80s na XIX karni. Duk da haka, da musamman rarraba da suke samu a cikin lokaci. A na biyu manyan fari alade a kasar mu sun fara asali a cikin shekaru 20 na karni na karshe. Domin shekaru da dama da shi shi ne kawai irin na alade factory a Rasha. Nama breeds renon a kasar mu a yau, ba shakka, yafi. Duk da haka, da manyan fari har yanzu ya kasance mafi m.

Da rarrabe siffofin ne: farin launi, da karfi kundin tsarin mulkin kasar, haske kai tare da m goshi, manyan kunnuwa, mai dogon m baya, da raya hams da low, ƙafar dama tãyar da su. White alade irin mai daraja da farko don earliness. Live nauyi adult Boars iya isa 350 kilo. Ya zauna cikin mahaifa, a wani lokaci ya zo da 11-12 piglets.

Breit-m nama irin

Wannan iri-iri da aka bred a cikin Yaroslavl yankin. Kamar yadda iyaye shayarwa da aka zaba Danish Landrace, Manyan White kuma gida breeds. Babban characterizing fasali na Breit-sebaceous nama aladu ne:

• farin launi.
• manyan size.
• kai tare da mai lankwasa profile;
• dogon rataye kunnuwa.
• fadi da kuma zurfin kirji.
• murdede baya.

Babban amfani da wannan alade da aka dauke su high haihuwa. A sarauniya iya kawo biyu litters a kowace shekara na 11-12 piglets.

Siberian arewa

Wannan irin aka dauka a cikin Novosibirsk yankin. Iyaye ga shi sun gida, ba ma m, amma shi yana da kyau saba da sanyi sauyin yanayi aladu da kuma Manyan White Boars. The fasali na arewacin Siberian wadannan: daidaituwa gina jiki, mai karfi tsarin mulki, m baya, elongated gindi, karfi da kafafu, da raya hams. Prized aladu da wannan irin shi ne da farko haihuwa (har zuwa 12 piglets), a kwantar da hankula disposition da m nauyi riba (har zuwa 360 kg).

Musamman ma abun ciki na nama da nama-man alade breeds

Fattening dabbobi ne da za'ayi a cikin biyu main fasahar: nama da naman alade. Har da shekaru 2.5-3 watanni, da kullum raba abinci da aladu ya hada da wadannan kayayyakin:

• feed - 1.3 kg.
• Dankali - 250 g;
• skimmed - 1 kg.
• gwoza - 250 g

Next, da girma da matasa a zahiri canjawa wuri zuwa ga nama, ko naman alade fattening. Yanyanka yawanci samar lokacin da nauyin da alade kai 100-120 kg.

Musamman naman sa fattening

Irin wannan abun fasahar hada biyu main lokaci. A cikin shiri lokaci-akai tare da nama fattening rabon abinci dauki kashi kore da kuma succulent abinci (30%). Wannan na iya zama tushen kayan lambu, melons, legume fi da t. D. Winter ma silage za a iya amfani da ciyawa ci abinci. Protein da feed naúrar a wannan lokaci zai zama a game da 115 g

A cikin mataki na biyu na fattening rage cin abinci ya zama tushen da mayar da hankali abinci (85-90%). Da aka fi amfani da hatsi cakuda (alkama, da sha'ir, da masara, hatsi). Domin ya cece za a iya kara bran. Wani lokaci, a cikin mataki na biyu da aladu ake azurtã dankali. Amma a cikin wannan hali ba kasa da 50% na rage cin abinci ya zama fi mai da hankali. A karshe mataki na "menu" daga aladu dole ware wani kari da abinci da zai iya worsen da dandano na nama (kifi, bran, soya, da gero).

naman alade fattening

Wannan fasaha damar abun ciki don samun wani sosai da dadi naman alade da na bakin ciki jiki mai. Aladu for fattening da aka zaba a cikin shekaru 2.5 watanni. A wannan yanayin, dole castrated Boars. A kullum rage cin abinci na dabbobi da irin wannan hanya kama da wannan:

• skimmed kuma fi mai da hankali (sha'ir ake bukata) - 1.5 kg.
• makiyãyã - 3 kg.
• tushen amfanin gona - 2 kg.
• Gishiri - 20 g

A cikin 'yan watanni, aladu, kamar yadda a cikin nama fattening, cire daga cikin abinci soya, bran, kifi da sauransu. D.

Fattening aladu up na m Yanayi da

Wannan fasaha da aka sau da yawa amfani girma nama-man alade breeds. A wannan yanayin, da aladu yanka bayan da suka isa wani nauyi na game da 200 kg. Domin ciyar da yanayi zaba don m stokilogrammovye piglets. Dalili na su rage cin abinci a nan gaba yin up abinci dauke da yawa carbohydrates. Wannan na iya zama beets, masara, dankali, molasses da kuma kama. D. Har ila yau, ba fi mai da hankali. A farkon fattening matsayin karshe yawanci amfani da alkama, da masara, a karshen - gero da sha'ir.

A shirya gona da fari, ba shakka, kana bukatar ka sanin a cikin al'amarin, wanda a cikin al'amarin zai zama mafi kyau irin na aladu. Nama breeds, halin da kyau kwarai yawan aiki, da takin gargajiya da kuma halin iya jurewa, akwai da yawa. Good kula da ta dace ciyar da ta dace zabar matasa sa farm riba da kudin-tasiri.