Table of rayuwa a Duniya: zamanin, lokacin, sauyin yanayi, rayayyun kwayoyin halitta

Rayuwa a duniya sun samo asali ne fiye da biliyan 3.5 da suka wuce, nan da nan bayan da samuwar ƙasa ta ɓawon burodi. Cikin lokacin da fitowan da kuma ci gaban rayayyun kwayoyin halitta shafa da samuwar da taimako, da sauyin yanayi. Har ila yau, tectonic da yanayin canje-canje da suka faru a tsawon shekaru, kawo ci gaban rayuwa a duniya.

Table of rayuwa a duniya za a iya kõma, dangane da Chronology na events. Yana za a iya raba wasu matakai na gaba dayan tarihin Duniya. The most of su - wannan shi ne zamanin da rai. Sun kasu kashi dazamani, zamanin - a lokacin, lokaci-a zamanin, zamanin - for ƙarni.

Era na rayuwa a duniya

Cikin dukan zamanin da wanzuwar rayuwa a duniya za a iya raba biyu lokaci: da Precambrian, ko kriptozoy (primary tsawon 3.6 to 0.6 biliyan years old), da kuma Phanerozoic.

Kriptozoy hada Archean (tsoho rayuwa), da kuma Proterozoic (primary rai) zamanin.

Phanerozoic hada Paleozoic (tsoho rayuwa), Mesozoic (tsakiya rayuwa) da kuma Cenozoic (sabon rai) zamanin.

Wadannan 2 lokaci na rayuwa za a iya raba karami - zamanin. Iyakoki tsakanin dazamani - a duniya juyin taron nau'i nau'i. A nuna zamanin kasu kashi lokaci, lokaci - a cikin zamanin. A tarihin rayuwar Duniya da aka nasaba kai tsaye zuwa canje-canje a cikin duniya a ɓawon burodi da ƙasa ta sauyin yanayi.

A zamanin na ci gaba, Countdown

A mafi muhimmanci taron ya yanke shawarar ware don takamaiman lokaci jinkiri - zamanin. A lokaci ne a baya domin, daga cikin tsofaffin zuwa sabuwar rayuwa. Akwai 5 er:

1. Archean.
2. Proterozoic.
3. Paleozoic.
4. Mesozoic.
5. Cenozoic.

Lokaci na rayuwa a duniya

Paleozoic, Mesozoic da Cainozoe hada da lokaci na ci gaba. Wannan karami lokaci jinkiri, idan aka kwatanta da dazamani.

Paleozoic Era:

• Cambrian (Cambrian).
• Ordovician.
• Silurian (Silurian).
• Devon (Devon).
• Coal (carbon).
• Perm (perm).

Mesozoic Era:

• Triassic (Triassic).
• Jurassic (Jurassic).
• Alli (whiting).

Cenozoic Era:

• Lower zurfi (Paleogenic).
• Upper zurfi (Neogen).
• Quaternary, ko anthropogenic (da cigaban dan Adam).

A farko 2 lokaci suke kunshe a cikin manyan lokaci na 59 da miliyan. Years.

A ci gaba da rayayyun kwayoyin halitta

Table of rayuwa a duniya ya shafi rabuwa ba kawai a kan lokaci jinkiri, amma a wasu matakai a cikin samuwar halittu masu rai, da zai yiwu sauyin yanayi canje-canje (kankara shekaru, da xumamar duniya).

• Archean zamanin. A mafi muhimmanci canje-canje a cikin juyin halitta daga rayayyun kwayoyin halitta - shi ne bayyanar blue-kore algae - prokaryotes iya haifuwa da kuma photosynthesis, fitowan da kwayar kwayoyin. Bayyanar da rai sunadaran (heterotrophs) iya mamaye narkar da kwayoyin abubuwa. A nan gaba, fitowan da rayayyun kwayoyin halitta a yarda su raba duniya zuwa Flora da fauna.

• Proterozoic zamanin. Ana zargin guda-celled algae, annelid tsutsotsi, molluscs, marine coelenterates tsutsotsi. Bayyanar da farko chordates (lancelet). Ƙasa samuwar faruwa a kusa da ruwa a jikinsu.
• A Paleozoic Era.
• Zamanin Cambrian. Development of algae, marine kwaro, mollusks.
• Ordovician. Trilobite carapace canza zuwa lemun tsami. Common cephalopods mike ko dan kadan mai lankwasa harsashi. A farko vertabrate - ichthyoids jawless dabbobi telodonty. Rayayyun kwayoyin halitta sun mayar da hankali a cikin ruwa.
• Silurian. Development of murjãni, trilobites. Akwai na farko vertabrate. Amfanin ƙasa shuke-shuke a ƙasar (psilophytes).
• Devonian lokaci. Bayyanar da farko kifi stegocephalia. Ana zargin fungi. Ci gaba da kuma nau'i nau'i psilophytes. Development a kan ƙasa mafi girma spore.
• Coal da perm lokaci. An tsoho ƙasar cike da dabbobi masu rarrafe, akwai dabba-kamar dabbobi masu rarrafe. Dadaddun trilobites. Nau'i nau'i na gandun daji na Carboniferous lokaci. Development of gymnosperms, ferns.

• Mesozoic Era.

• Triassic lokaci. Rarraba shuke-shuke (gymnosperms). Kara yawan dabbobi masu rarrafe. Da farko dabbobi masu shayarwa, kifi kashi.
• Jurassic lokaci. Predominance gymnosperms, angiosperms bayyanar. Fitowan pervoptitsy blossoming cephalopods.
• Cretaceous lokaci. A baza na angiosperms, akan rage sauran shuka iri. Development of fitar kasusuwan jikinsu kifi, dabbobi masu shayarwa da tsuntsaye.

• Cenozoic zamanin.
  • Lower zurfi na lokaci (Paleogenic). A heyday na angiosperms. A ci gaba da kwari da dabbobi masu shayarwa Kwayoyin, bayyanar da lemurs, mannyan birai daga baya.
  • Upper zurfi na lokaci (Neogen). Formation na zamani shuke-shuke. Ana zargin mutum da kakanninsu.
  • Quaternary (anthropogenic). Formation na zamani shuke-shuke da dabbobi. Bayyanar wani mutum.

Development yanayi na matattun yanayi, da sauyin yanayi

Table of rayuwa a duniya ba za a iya gabatar ba tare da bayanai a kan canje-canje na matattun yanayi. Fitowan da kuma ci gaban rayuwa a Duniya, wani sabon nau'in na shuke-shuke, da dabbobi, da dukan wannan yana tare da canje-canje a cikin matattun yanayi, sauyin yanayi.

Canjin yanayi: da Archean zamanin

A tarihin rayuwar Duniya fara mulkin ƙasar lokaci na ruwan dare albarkatun ruwa. Relief da aka yi liyi da kadan. A wani yanayi na carbon dioxide predominates, ƙaramar yawan oxygen. A m ruwa na low gwargwado.

Domin da Archaean zamanin halin da volcanoes, walƙiya, black girgije. Da kankara ne mai arziki a graphite.

Canjin yanayi a cikin Proterozoic zamanin

Land - wani dutse hamada, duk rayayyun kwayoyin halitta rayuwa a cikin ruwa. A wani yanayi na oxygen tara.

Canjin yanayi: Palaeozoic

A daban-daban lokaci na Paleozoic zamanin wadannan faru sauyin yanayi :

• Zamanin Cambrian. A ƙasar har yanzu yashe. A yanayi ne mai zafi.
• Ordovician. A mafi muhimmanci canje-canje - shi flooded kusan duk arewacin dandali.
• Silurian. Tectonic canje-canje a cikin yanayi na matattun halitta dabam dabam. Orogeny ya auku, da teku ĩkon tasarrufi a ƙasar. A yankuna daban-daban na canjin yanayin, ciki har da yankunan da sanyaya.
• Devonian lokaci. Mamaye da bushe sauyin yanayi ne da nahiyar. Ilimi intermountain daruna.
• Carboniferous lokaci. Ragewan nahiyoyi, dausayi. A dumi da kuma gumi sauyin yanayi, yanayi oxygen da kuma da yawa daga carbon dioxide.
• Permian. Hot sauyin yanayi, volcanism, orogeny, bushewa dausayi.

A wannan zamanin Paleozoic Caledonian nadawa dutsen kafa. Irin canje-canje a cikin wuri mai faɗi rinjayi duniya teku - marine daruna rage, kafa manyan ƙasar yankin.

Palaeozoic qaddamar kusan dukkan manyan filayen man fetur da kuma ci.

Canjin yanayi a cikin Mesozoic

Domin daban-daban lokaci na Mesozoic sauyin yanayi da halin da wadannan siffofin:

• Triassic lokaci. Volcanic aiki, sharply nahiyar sauyin yanayi, dumi.
• Jurassic lokaci. Soft da dumi sauyin yanayi. Sea ĩkon tasarrufi a ƙasar.
• Cretaceous lokaci. The mãsu bãyar da bãya teku daga ƙasar. A sauyin yanayi ne dumi, amma a karshen zamanin da xumamar duniya da aka maye gurbinsu da wani sanyi karye.

A Mesozoic dutsen tsarin kafa a baya halaka ta, da barin wani bayyana ruwa (West Siberia). A cikin rabi na biyu na zamanin kafa Cordillera duwãtsu na Eastern Siberia, Indochina, kashi na Tibet, kafa da dutsen Mesozoic nadawa. Kagaggun zafi da kuma gumi sauyin yanayi, gudanarwa da samuwar kuma peat bogs.

Canjin yanayi - Cenozoic Era

A Cenozoic zamanin akwai wani janar karfafa na Duniya ta surface. A sauyin yanayi ya canza. Wurare da dama a glaciers duniya inuwõyi zuwa daga arewa canza fuskar nahiyoyi na Arewa Hemisphere. mirgina filayen da aka kafa saboda irin canje-canje.

• Lower zurfi na lokaci. Da m sauyin yanayi. A rabo a cikin uku climatic zones. Samuwar nahiyoyi.
• Upper zurfi na lokaci. Dry sauyin yanayi. Abin da ya faru na steppe, Savannah.
• Quaternary lokaci. Maimaita glaciation na arewacin yammancin duniya. sanyaya na sauyin yanayi.

All canje-canje a lokacin da ci gaban rayuwa a duniya za a iya rubuta a cikin nau'i na alluna da cewa daidai da mafi muhimmanci, saukarwa a cikin ci gaban da zamani duniya. Duk da aka sani da hanyoyin gudanar da bincike, da kuma yanzu masana kimiyya suna ci gaba da nazarin tarihin, yin sabon binciken, da cewa al'ummomin koyi yadda za a ci gaba da rayuwa a kan Duniya da mutane.