Nau'in na mutum hormones da su ayyuka. Nazarin a kan hormones

A jikin mutum - shi ne wani hadadden tsarin, wanda ya yi aikin mai girma yawan ayyukan. A muhimmiyar rawa a cikin dace shiri na jikin mutum hormones play aiki. Shin ham biochemical matakai, wanda ake samar da endocrine gland. Akwai daban-daban na ji ba gani, kuma kowane daga cikinsu yana da wani takamaiman aiki.

rarrabuwa na hormones

Dangane da sinadaran tsarin, rarrabe waɗannan iri ji ba gani. Protein-peptide kungiyar hadawa asirin wadannan gland matsayin pituitary, hypothalamus, pancreatic hormones da parathyroid. Don irin wannan ne kuma calcitonin, wanda aka samar da thyroid gland shine yake. amino acid Kalam kunshe a cikin na biyu kungiyar (norepinephrine da epinephrine, thyroxine, da dai sauransu). Akwai iri steroid ji ba gani. Suna hada da farko a cikin gonads, kuma adrenal gland shine yake (estrogen, progesterone). Hormones farko kungiyoyin biyu yafi alhakin tafiyar matakai na rayuwa a jikin mu. Steroid hormones sarrafa wannan nau'i na jiki ci gaba da kuma haifuwa tsari. Dangane da siginar watsa Hanyar mugunya Kwayoyin, rarrabe lipophilic da hydrophilic ji ba gani. A farko iya shiga ta hanyar da jikin tantanin cikin ta tsakiya. A karshen ma kisa to rabe a farfajiya na tsarin kashi, suka fara da kira na abin da ake kira kwayoyin shiga tsakani. Characteristically, da hydrophilic hormones hawa ta hanyar jini da kuma daura to ta lipophilic sunadaran da haka hawa.

tsarin endocrine

Saboda haka ne ya kafa duk gland da kuma gabobin a cikin jikin mutum cewa asirce musamman ilimin aiki aka gyara - hormones. Endocrine tsarin ne alhakin da yawa tafiyar matakai, yayin da tabbatar da al'ada ci gaban da kwayoyin. Yana iko da sunadarai halayen da samar da makamashi da rinjayar da Psycho-wani tunanin Jihar wani mutum. By da endocrine tsarin hada da thyroid, parathyroid, pancreas, pituitary da pineal gland shine yake, adrenal gland, hypothalamus. Yana kuma ya hada da gabobin kamar testes, ovaries. All hormones aiki kai tsaye zuwa cikin jini, ko Lymph. Kowane matsalar aiki na samfur na endocrine tsarin zai iya sa tsanani cututtuka (ciwon sukari, ƙari matakai, kiba, wuce-wuri da kuma hypothyroidism
).

Nama hormones, su daban da kuma ayyuka

Wannan irin hormone samar a cikin jikin kyallen takarda, da kuma tasiri ne yawanci gida. Wani lokaci, wadannan hormones iya shiga cikin jini. Histamine - wani abu da ya aikata daga muhimmiyar rawa a cikin abin da ya faru na rashin lafiyan halayen. Lokacin aiki, shi sa vasodilation da kuma ƙara musu permeability. Histamine kuma taimaka wajen rage tsoka daga cikin hanji, zai iya sa spasms a cikin bronchi. Serotonin yana da wani mataki: constrict tasoshi, da permeability rage-rage. Har ila yau, ya kira hormone na farin ciki. Idan ta ci gaba ne na al'ada, wani mutum yana da kyau yanayi, sai ya ji wani karuwa ƙarfi. Kuma histamine, serotonin, kuma suna tsunduma cikin riwayar hasken dake fitowa a cikin kwakwalwa. Kinins - duk da haka wani nama ji ba gani. Su daban da kuma ayyuka su ne kamar haka. Nanopeptid, kallidin, T-kinin, bradykinin (lowers jini) - duk su samun shiga cikin jini, haddasa kumburi cututtuka. Wadannan hormones suna da hannu a cikin tsari da jini wurare dabam dabam. Wani category na ilimin aiki nama asirin - prostaglandins. Su shafi cikin m tsoka na gabobin, rage mugunya da na ciki da ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Control cell division abubuwa irin chalones. Wani irin nama hormones - gastrin, secretin.

A thyroid gland shine yake. Iri hormones da su ayyuka

Wannan jiki yana cikin siffar wani malam da aka located a cikin wuyansa (da gaba). The nauyi na da in mun gwada kananan - game da 20 grams. Regulation na aikin yin jima'i (haifuwa), narkewa kamar tsarin, tafiyar matakai na rayuwa, rike da wata al'ada Psycho-wani tunanin jihar - duk wannan ba a kula da thyroid ji ba gani. Iri da wadannan. Thyroxine, triiodothyronine - sosai muhimmanci asirin zuwa adam kiwon lafiya. Domin cewa sun aka kafa, dole ne isasshen ci na aidin. A mataki na wadannan hormones ne irin wannan, amma mafi aiki triiodothyronine. Da farko, wadannan abubuwa suna da hannu a cikin metabolism da makamashi. Sun kuma shafi zuciya tsoka, hanji, tsakiya m tsarin. Har ila yau, wadannan iri hormones suna shan kashi a gaban dukan kwayoyin, maturation na haihuwa tsarin. Calcitonin ne ke da alhakin matakin na alli a cikin jini, kazalika da shan kashi a ruwa-electrolyte metabolism. Ƙarancin samar da thyroid hormone take kaiwa zuwa m adam gajiya, lethargy, duk tafiyar matakai na rayuwa suna ragae down. Idan sun ake samar a wuce haddi, shi ne zai yiwu don tsayar da aiki da kuma wuce kima excitability.

Analysis na hormones wanda ya fitar thyroid

Idan wani mutum ya gani canje-canje, kamar nauyi hawa da sauka (ko kaifi sa na nauyi asara), da matsaloli tare da jima'i so, lõkacin fatara daga haila, jinkirta ci gaba (m) a cikin yara, tabbata a rubũta a jini gwajin for hormones samar da thyroid gland shine yake. Domin ta bayarwa ya kamata a shirya a wata hanya ta musamman. Shi ne mafi kyau na rage wani jiki aiki da rana kafin gwajin. Shi ne ma daraja kawar da barasa, kofi, taba (ko da rana daya). Jini daukan samfur na faruwa a cikin safe, a kan komai a ciki. Thyroid hormones za a iya located in daure da kuma free jihar. Saboda haka, a lokacin da karatu ƙayyade yawan free thyroxine, free triiodothyronine, thyrotropin, da kuma matakin na antibodies zuwa thyroid peroxidase, thyroglobulin. Matsayin mai mulkin, nazarin daukan wata rana. Dangane da sakamakon da muka samu mu iya magana game da wani ciwo.

Parathyroid gland shine yake da asĩri

A baya surface na thyroid gland shine yake ne kananan, wanda kuma ake kira parathyroid. Suna tsaye da hannu a cikin musayar na alli da phosphorus a cikin jiki. Dangane da musamman mutum, da baƙin ƙarfe iya zama raga-type, alveolar ko a matsayin m taro. Yana synthesizes parathyroid hormone, wanda, kamar calcitonin taka rawa a cikin alli metabolism. Ana rinjayar da shi da kuma kwarangwal tsarin, hanjinsu, kuma kodan. Idan samar da parathyroid hormone kakkarye, akwai iya zama shafi tunanin mutum da cuta, kashi matsaloli, calcification na ciki gabobin, jini. Lokacin da gipoparaterioze bayyana tsoka cramps, zuciya rate rãyar, akwai iya zama ciwon kai. Idan kana da wadannan cututtuka za ka iya bukatar wani jini gwajin for parathyroid hormone. Mafi yawansu ba su kasance abun ciki qara matakin na alli a cikin jini, kuma a matsayin sakamako, Yanã kashi fragility.

A hormones samar da adrenal gland

Adrenal - wani biyu daga jikin wanda aka zubar a saman kodan. Wadannan iri hormones da su ayyuka kamar haka. Bawo gland samar da abubuwa da tsara da musayar na gina jiki da kuma ma'adanai. Har ila yau, irin wannan hormones sarrafa matakin na glucose. Brain Ball adrenal synthesizes epinephrine kuma norepinephrine. Sau da yawa, da suka suna samar da karfi tunanin, sakamakon (tsoro, tarzoma). Lokacin data hormones shigar da jini, ta ƙara jini, zuciya rate rãyar, qara excitability tsoka mai amsa sigina gabobin da mai ji. Saboda haka, jiki shirya domin bukatar matsawa a stressful halin da ake ciki. A adrenal gland nuna glucocorticoid hormones (cortisol) cewa gwada carbohydrate metabolism. Su maida hankali dogara a kan lokaci na rana: matsakaicin adadin cortisol aka lura a game 6 karfe. Hormones mineralocorticoid (aldosterone) tsara gishiri musayar. Godiya a gare su, da m riƙe a cikin jiki. Har ila yau ware adrenal androgens kamar androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). Sun tsara da sebaceous gland samar da libido. A cikin bincike na jini a kan adrenal hormones matakin gudanar da bincike da DEA. High da abun ciki Can kasancewa gland shine yake maruran. Haka kuma, wani wuce haddi na wannan hormone take kaiwa zuwa tsanani sakamakon a lokacin daukar ciki (ashara, yaro tamowa, tare da mahaifa da matsaloli). Idan akwai gunaguni game da ƙara yawan gashi girma kafin balaga, hailar cuta, tsoka rauni - iya bukatar wani jini gwajin for cortisol.

Pancreas. Iri hormones da su ayyuka

Bayan da cewa pancreas an rayayye da hannu a cikin matakai na narkewa, shi ma samar hormones da suke da muhimmanci ga al'ada jiki aiki. Dukan su fada kai tsaye a cikin jinin mutum. Wannan jiki samar da wadannan iri hormones: insulin, c-peptide, glucagon. Babban aiki na insulin - adjusts da matakin na sukari. A hali na take hakkin ta kira matakai na iya ci gaba da ciwon sukari. Insulin kuma rinjayar da samar da aiki mahadi daga cikin gastrointestinal fili, estrogen kira. Yana iya zama a jikin free kuma mamaye form. Idan adadin insulin ne kasa, da aiwatar da mayar glucose a cikin kitse, kuma glycogen ne karye. Kamar wancan ne da jiki iya tara gubobi (msl, acetone). Glucagon - shi ne ma wani gagarumin al'amari ne, a jikin mu. Yana activates aiwatar da lipolysis, qara a jini glucose matakan. Har ila yau, tare da shi rage-rage matakin na alli a jini phosphorus. Nau'in na pancreatic hormone mataki ne a hankali m. Mun gode wa hade tasiri an tabbatar da wani ganiya matakin na glucose.

Ayyuka na pituitary hormones

Pituitary - endocrine gland shine yake, wanda ya ƙunshi wata gaban da kuma raya rabo, da kuma karamin sashi therebetween. A jikin weighs kawai 0.5 grams, amma ayyuka suna da za'ayi fairly muhimmanci. A pituitary gland shine yake synthesizes da wadannan iri mutum hormones. Adrenocorticotropic hubbub stimulates adrenal bawo. Yana kuma rinjayar da samuwar melanin. Luteinizing hormone rinjayar da dace aiki na haihuwa tsarin. Godiya ga shi stimulates ovulation, samar da androgens. Thyroid hormone mugunya kula thyroid ilimin aiki abubuwa. Somatotropin an rayayye da hannu a cikin ci gaban da kwayoyin da kuma gina jiki kira. Yana kuma iya shafar matakin na glucose, lipids lalace. Wannan hormone ne alhakin al'ada ta jiki ci gaba da jikin mutum. Kara da matakin take kaiwa zuwa gigantism. Idan girma hormone ne kasa da al'ada (a cikin yara), da kiyaye stunting. Af, daban-daban na ci gaban hormone (roba) amfani magance wada, ƙara da taro a 'yan wasa. Prolactin - babban hormone alhakin madara samarwa a mata. Har ila yau, godiya ta zuwa ga tsara a lokacin shayarwa ba wadannan ciki na faruwa. A tsakiyar lobe da aka samar melanotropin. Na baya lobe samar da wadannan iri mutum hormones kamar oxytocin, vasopressin. A farko inganta contractions daga cikin mahaifa, akwai samar da colostrum. Vasopressin stimulates tsokoki na gabobin kamar hanjinsu, mahaifa, jini.

Gonads

Ovaries kuma testes nuna jima'i ji ba gani. Iri da wadannan. Da farko, sun kasu kashi namiji da mace. Duk da haka, adadi kaɗan na iya zama ba, da kuma akasin jima'i. Nau'in na namiji hormones: testosterone, androsterone, dihydrotestosterone, androstenediol. Su duk samar da ci gaban jima'i halaye a matsayin Firamare. Ya kamata a lura da cewa su matakin ba jure irin vibrations idan aka kwatanta da mata ta asĩri. Godiya ga testosterone arna a samar da seminal ruwa, kore ta janye zuwa da akasin jima'i. Har ila yau, musamman raya tsokoki, da kwarangwal, akwai wani halayyar namiji murya farar. Sauran iri steroid hormones (misali, DHT) samar da namiji hali, kazalika da halayyar bayyanar: gashi girma a wasu wurare na jiki tsari. Nau'in na mace hormones ne: progesterone, estrogen, prolactin (pituitary gland shine yake).
Progesterone aka samar da ayyukan marubuta luteum. Wannan baƙin ƙarfe aka kafa bayan ovulation. Shi aikin da wadannan ayyuka: shi na taimaka wa ci gaban da ya zauna cikin mahaifa, ya sa ya yiwu ovum (hadu) a gyarawa a cikin kogo. Progesterone shirya wata mace a ciki da kuma na taimaka wa yaro-hali. Idan adadin da hormone bai isa ba, da hailar sake zagayowar kakkarye, akwai iya zub da jini. Sha wahala daga low matakan progesterone da wani tunanin jihar: matsayin mai mulkin, da wata mace wahala daga kwatsam yanayi swings. Karuwan hormone matakin iya nuna ko dai a ciki ko game da malignancy. Estrogen - musamman iri hormones a mata. Wadannan sun hada da estradiol, estrone, estriol. Wadannan abubuwa ne da alhakin da samuwar da mace irin adadi, inganta fata sautin kuma elasticity. Bugu da kari ga wannan, da hormones wannan irin taimako zuwa ga al'ada kwarara daga haila. Sun kuma kare jini daga jari na sia plaque, taimakawa ga ci gaban da kashi nama, jinkirta shi alli, phosphorus. Lokacin da matakin na estrogen ne kasa, akwai wani namiji juna na jiki gashi, fata farkon tsufa, tara haddi nauyi a ciki, kwatangwalo, kasusuwa zama mafi m.

A jini gwajin a kan abun ciki na jima'i hormones

Nazarin a kan hormones da kuma hada jini bincike domin da abun ciki na jima'i asĩri. Sanya shi, idan akwai irin wannan cuta a :. hailar matsaloli, da rashin iyawa ga juna biyu yaro, ashara ciki da dai sauransu Maza irin wannan bincike da aka nuna a lokuta da ake zargi da ƙari tafiyar matakai rasa haihuwa. A jini tafii da safe, ba za ka iya ci a gaban shi. A kan Hauwa'u na da daraja ba up taba da kuma shan giya, m motsa jiki. The mace ya kamata a zabi lokacin da ya dace don bayar da jini samfurin, a matsayin matakin na hormones dogara a kan rana na hailar sake zagayowar. A daidai wannan lokaci da muke karatu da dama Manuniya. Da abun ciki na follicle-haramta motsa hormone a matsakaicin yawan nuna abin da ya faru na ovulation. A maza, da hormone inganta ci gaban da seminiferous tubules da shafi taro na testosterone. A ganewar asali da rashin haihuwa ta mayar da hankali lyuteinizirueschemu hormone. A mata, shi ne ke da alhakin maturation na follicle, ovulation, samuwar irin wannan gland shine yake a matsayin ayyukan marubuta luteum. Idan ba shi yiwuwa a yi ciki bincika Manuniya na follicle-haramta motsa hormone da lyuteinizirueschego a cikin hadaddun. Yana da za'ayi wani jini gwajin da kuma gaban wani adadin prolactin. A taron na ovulation kai farmaki wuya. Har ila yau, binciken jini testosterone. Shi ne yanzu a cikin jiki a duka biyu mata da maza. Idan ya yi shi ne a kasa da al'ada a cikin maza, da maniyyi ingancin tabarbarewa.Idan. Har ila yau, shi zai barnatar da shafi da iko. A mata, da wuce haddi testosterone iya sa ashara.