Nauyi: dokoki na gasar. Duniya nauyi Championships

Daga yara, boys karanta labaru game da heroes, game da su exploits, da iko. Girma da kuma zama samari, da yawa daga cikinsu, tare da taimakon wasanni ne masu tasowa ta jiki, zama real masu yada kusa mutane da mahaifarsa. Lura cewa daga cikin iri-iri iri da kuma wuraren wasanni da daya da cewa fito daga jaruntakar jin daxi da shi - nauyi. Tun cikin 80s na karshe karni shi ya fara rayayye dauki wani amfani a da wata mace. Watakila ba a banza saboda ikon da mafi kyau jima'i zuwa ga dakatar da doki gallop gaya wa wani sanannen mawãƙi ...

The asalin haihuwar nauyi

Nauyi, Oddly isa, shi ne mai gwada da matasa da wasanni. Ya aka haife daga cikin rumfa gabatarwa. A cikin XIX karni a Rasha, Turai da Amirka sun kasance m circus 'yan wasa, wa ni'ima daga cikin jama'a ya nuna su mamaki ikon iya aiki. A daidai wannan lokaci, za mu lura cewa babu wani daga jihar shi ba kawai 'yan wasa, duka a cikin Rasha Empire.

A mamaki dan wasa Aleksandr Zass (Rasha Samon, kamar yadda aka kira) tare da sirri nauyin kg 80 tãyar da zane tripled, quadrupled ta wuce haddi. A lokacin yakin duniya na tare da shi da wani ban sha'awa hali. Alexander aiki a matsayin regimental m. Lokacin da mita 500 zuwa layi na Rasha ramuka a ƙasa da doki da aka raunata, "Rasha Samson" ba watsi da shi, da kuma, sa a kan baya, dashes (!) Shafi da aminci.

Ivan Zaikin pacing da circus da 25 poods anga a kafada, wanda da wuya ya jimre da dozin mataimakansa. Peter Krylov tashe a circus doki da mahayinsa, kuma Muka ɗauke su. Babu kasa da ban sha'awa ikon zamba wani Rasha dan wasa, Jakub Chehoskogo: a hannu ta tsawon, ya dauki a kan kewaye da circus fagen fama 6 sojoji Guards.

Weight dagawa a Rasha Empire

Kuma duk da haka akwai wani tabbataccen amsar wannan tambaya: "Lokacin da aka haife shi da Rasha nauyi kamar wani wasa," Rãnar ta haihuwa yana dauke 10.08.1885 VF Krajewski tsari Petersburg ta "yan koyo nauyi" A wannan rana. Likita da kuma malama, ya ya ci gaba da mafi m, a cikin duniya da horo tsarin for compatriots. Saboda haka, Rasha da 'yan wasa da aka akida abokan adawar na Jamus da kuma Austrians, wanda, lalle ne, haƙĩƙa, suna cikin wadanda suka kafa wannan wasanni.

07.01.1898 An bude sosai farko World Championships nauyi. A wuri da aka jama'a filin wasa "Prater" a Vienna. Fafatawa a wasan kwaikwayon na 14 darussan da aka raba nauyi Categories. Rasha gwarzo Georg Gakkenshmidt nauyi dagawa dauki uku wuri a kan shi, amma kuwa shi ne shugaba a cikin gwagwarmaya. Duk da haka, a lokacin da XIX karni, nauyi ya ɓullo da wasu m: sannu a hankali samo asali tsarin gasar, babu kungiyar. A Rasha, da kuma a duk faɗin duniya, wani sabon wasanni ta ɓullo da godiya ga patrons kamar Count Aleksandr Ivanovich Riboper. Kamar yadda yarda da masana tarihi, Ivan Vladimirovich Lebedev (almara Uncle Vanya) nasa ne da jagoranci a cikin halittar Rasha makaranta na nauyi.

Duk da haka, a farkon karni XX weightlifters ƙoƙarin ƙirƙirar Tarayya. Evidence da shahararsa shi ne All-Russian Congress of weightlifters, da aka gudanar a 1913. A wannan shekarar ne, a irin wannan duniya majalisa a wadda matasa 'yan wasa amince wasanni suna - da "m dagawa", na farko ƙungiya matakai da aka dauka ... Duk da haka, da sanyata aiwatar aka katse ta yakin duniya na farko.

Soviet mataki a cikin ci gaban nauyi

Kawai International nauyi Federation IWF «International nauyi Federation» aka kafa a 1820. Note cewa Rasha da 'yan wasa a lokacin, a 20-ies na XX karni, ya mallaka rabin da records a cikin wasanni (25 na 50). Ba zato ba tsammani, shi ne a wannan lokaci da kawai m wasanni dako weightlifter zama mashaya. Shi ne daidaita, aka sake daga ana cike da yashi a collapsible, yakan mallaki zamani siffar.

Bayan yakin duniya na II, Soviet da 'yan wasa shiga a cikin sama Tarayya, enriching da yawa talented' yan wasa na duniya da nauyi. A farko Zakaran daga Land na Soviets a shekarar 1946 a World Championships a Paris ya zama Grigoriy Irmovich Novak, wani mazaunin Moscow.

Kuma a cikin biyu da rabi na XX karni da ci gaban nauyi ne da dangantaka da sunayen 'yan wasa Soviet. A cikin shekaru 60 da a duniyar wasanni daukaka Rang Yury Petrovich Vlasov, Leonida Ivanovicha Zhabotinskogo, a 70th - Vasiliya Ivanovicha Alekseeva. Soviet nauyi tawagar ashirin sau nemi ya umurci nasara a World Championships. Amma ta rabo a Turai dandali ya fi tabbatacce - 28 wins! Weight dagawa yana bunkasa da kuzari a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, shan amfani da shahararsa a tsakanin mutane. Bard Vladimir Vysotsky, misali, sadaukar da wani song "Weightlifter" Alexeyev, da biyu Olympic Zakaran da takwas-lokaci duniya zakara. Žwažwalwar ajiya na wannan fice dan wasa kuma shi ne har yanzu yarda da juna, sakamakon 645 kg na Naira Miliyan Xari uku darussan (zai zama wani Littãfi, kamar yadda IWF yanzu aikatawa biathlon wasan).

Idan muka magana game da statistics na Soviet weightlifters nasara, shi ne daraja ambata jimlar yawan kyautuka lashe ta Soviet da 'yan wasa - 632.

Nauyi na mata

A m ci gaba da nauyi na mata fara tun shekarar 1983, lokacin da na farko na aikin gasa da aka gudanar. Riga tun shekarar 1987, za'ayi da m mata ta gasar wasannin duniya. A 1995, na farko 'yan mata gasar yayanka. A ma'ana mataki shi ne amincewa da nauyi na mata Olympic wasanni ta kasa da kasa kwamitin wasannin Olympics a 2000.

Shi ne ba wani asirin da cewa wata mace ta yi nauyi dagawa Rasha a halin yanzu occupies wani abu matsayi a cikin kasa da kasa fagen fama, yayin gasar tare da Baturke da Sin makarantu. Its samuwar ake dangantawa da sunayen Habirova, Mananovoy, Gasimova. A halin yanzu, da baton kara ci gaba da na wasanni intercepted Tsarukaeva, Slivenko Shainova, Kasayeva, Zabolotnaya.

Bisa kididdigar da, da Rasha, tawagar lashe shekara-shekara 20 zuwa 25 lambar yabo a duniya da kuma gasar Turai. Kuma mata suna kuma yin wani gagarumin taimako cikin taskar lambar yabo.

Nauyi. nagartacce

Mene ne janar tsari na zamani a cikin gasar nauyi? Data kasance wasanni cancantar matsayin amince da Rasha Ma'aikatar Wasanni a Order 759 na 21.07.2010

'Yan wasan ke yi a nauyi azuzuwan. Kamar yadda na 1998, mukaddashin a lokacin nauyi Categories ga maza da aka dauka: up to 56,0 kg zuwa 62,0 kg zuwa 69,0 kg zuwa 77,0 kg zuwa 85,0 kg zuwa 94,0 kg 105,0 kg zuwa 105,0 kg ko fiye. Domin mace nauyi dacewa bakwai nauyi Categories: up to 48,0 kg zuwa 53,0 kg zuwa 58,0 kg zuwa 63,0 kg zuwa 69,0 kg zuwa 75,0 kg, da kuma fiye da 75,0 kg .

shekaru kungiyoyin

Mahalarta ma gasa bisa shekaru kungiyoyin :

• har zuwa shekaru 14 - ƙarami samartaka.
• har zuwa shekaru 16 - da talakawan shekaru na matasa;
• 18 shekaru - Babban samartaka .
• yayanka - 20 years.
• manya - girmi shekaru 20.

Higher gwani dan wasa ne a wasanni suna International Master of Sports. Ya sanya fara yana da shekaru 16. Jagora na wasanni iya zama wani mutum (mace) Gudun nagartacce (ga. Table 1 da 2, da kuma ya kai (kai) da shekaru 15.

nagartacce

Ka yi la'akari da halin yanzu tsarin na wasan share fagen shiga matsayin for nauyi.

Table 1. Tã dagawa. Norms ga maza (boys)

Table 2. cancantar matsayin a nauyi na mata

Grif sanda

Narrating game da wasanni, tabbata dabam kula da ta asali wasanni kayan aiki.

Babu shakka cewa zamani jaruntakar events bayar da shawarar sanda ba sabani, kuma suna da daidaita sigogi. Nauyi kokarin kocina da kuma 'yan wasa ci gaba na kowa tsarin kula da zane na bar, tare da' yan musamman, rarrabe ga namiji da mace.

Olympic Men sanda yana da wadannan sigogi: diamita wuyansa - 2.8 cm, tsawon - 220 cm. Nauyi - 20 Kg. Rod Olympic mata ne da ɗan daban-daban daga maza. Its guntu wuyansa (205 cm). Nauyi - 15 kg, diamita 2.5 cm.

Rod daga mafi kyau masana'antun yin amfani nauyi. Standards domin ta ƙiren ƙarya unsa na asali abu - high quality karfe mai rufi da chromium.

Ƙafafun for sandunansu

Patterned roba-rufi ƙafafun da diamita fi girma Sikeli 51 cm, dangane da nauyi suka yawanci fentin a takamaiman launuka :. 25 kg - ja, 20 kg - blue, 15 kg - rawaya. Karami diamita da 10-laba ƙafafun, su ne kore. Har ila yau, akwai kananan ƙafafun - daga 0.25 zuwa 5 kg. Grif sanda tare da gefuna sanye take da musamman saukowa hannayen riga, wanda ake sa a ƙafafun. Sai suka a haɗe musamman kwa'di. Weight misali kulle - 2.5 kg.

Kamar yadda gasa?

Ta yaya ne World Championships nauyi? A takaice bayyana ka'idar.

Gasa a cikin nauyi da wani sirri, tawagar da kuma gauraye. Mixed tsarin wuce gasar a nauyi. Sikelin da wannan wasan na duniya da taron ne da gaske ban sha'awa.

Ga wani misali. Mafi kwanan nan, a cikin marigayi Yuni na wannan shekara, a Palais des Sports na Kazan gudanar da World Junior gasar. Organization tsunduma nauyi Federation da kuma birnin da babban birnin kasar na Tatarstan. Gasar 300 da 'yan wasa dake wakiltar 53 ƙasashe. 15 sets of lambar yabo da aka buga. Rasha tawagar kasar a wani m kokawar tsẽre ta lashe lambobi mafiya yawa samar da wasu halartar teams. Shida da zinariya, da azurfa, kuma daya biyu lambobin tagulla lashe ta Rasha nauyi. Zakaran duniya Anthony Savchuk samu "zinariya" domin nasarar a cikin mafi babbar nauyi category - 105 kg. Sha'awa, daga cikin 'yan mata kuma ya ci Russia a heaviest nauyi category - a kan 75 kg. Samu lambar girma samfurin tsiwirwirinsu Larisa Kobeleva.

gasar Dokokin

A zahiri, duk abin da ya faru ga wani da aka sani lifter canons. Kungiyar na gasar (mafi sau da yawa - a Tarayya) tasowa da ita a raba arziki. A batu na gasar shi ne Olympic duk-kusa, wanda ya hada da biyu darussan: jerk kuma jerk.

Kafin lokaci (a kalla wata rana) kafin taron don amfani ga sa hannu a cikin teams da 'yan wasa. Cika katin mahalarta. Mahalarta gasar za ta gasa da juna a matsayin wani ɓangare na nauyi kungiyoyin. Tare da babban adadin da nauyi a cikin ƙungiyar, suka kasu kashi kungiyoyin: A, B, C, da dai sauransu correlative tare da saman 'yan wasa (watau su yi ...) Lokacin da ake ji wa kowane dan wasa ne m da mutum gasa yawan ...

A lokacin da Draw aka ƙaddara da yin la'akari da tsari da kuma kira mahalarta. Kamar wancan formalizes nauyi gasa. Championships ko wasu gasar wasannin duniya ya shafi kungiya farkon - da zabi na kowane tawagar wakilainsu musharaka cikin Draw, a lokacin da yin la'akari. Wakilai daga cikin teams a lokacin gasar an sanya a kan musamman bencina. Su ke da alhakin horo na tawagar.

Kowane nauyi category (sub-ƙungiya) zai gasa a cikin rana guda. Na farko, da dan wasa ya aikata wani jerk, sa'an nan tura. Ga kowane motsa jiki ne da aka uku yunkurin.

ƙarshe

Ya kamata a gane cewa a yau duniya nauyi (2014 ya tabbatar da wannan) ba ya rasa ta janye ga dubban mutane da kuma Rasha mata. Mutane da yawa suna tsunduma a cikinsa a wani mai son matakin. Babban gudanarwa na raya kasa tsaye nauyi Federation of Rasha.

Ta yana bunkasa shirin na ci gaba da wasanni, shi ne jerin tawagar kasar, zata dokokin a kan tarayya gasa. sosai gwani da 'yan wasa ne a ci gaba da aiki, domin kowane shekara da hukumar shirya wani 5-6 duk-Russian gasa. Duk da haka, da ci gaba da wasanni barnatar da shafi da rashi na dindindin tallafa da kuma rashin din tsarin kula da gida shugabanci tafiyar matakai.