Neuroblastoma a yara, 4 mataki. Haddasawa, cututtuka, cututtuka, hangen nesa. neuroblastoma lura da wani yaro

Neuroblastoma - mai ciwon daji na da m juyayi tsarin. A mafi yawan lokuta, wannan cuta da aka gano a cikin matasa da yara. Dace ta ganewa qara chances wani cikakken maida. Daga cikin kayan da wannan labarin, za ka koyi ainihin Sanadin cutar, abin da cututtuka da shi yana tare, inda magani ake bukata.

Amazing yanayin neuroblastoma a wani yaro

Neuroblastoma - ya fi na kowa ƙari ne a m hali. Yana lissafinsu game da 15% na dukkan lokuta ya ruwaito marurai na neonatal lokaci da kuma farkon yara. Masana sun kullum bayyana ƙari a yara har zuwa shekaru biyar, amma akwai lokuta da cutar a matasa 11 da kuma ko da shekaru 15. Tare da ci gaban da kuma ci gaban da yaro m da fuska wannan insidious cuta an rage a kowace shekara.

Kumburi na neuroblasts, a cewar likitoci, shi ne bai wa m damar iya yin komai. Shi ne musamman m da kuma yiwuwa ga metastasis a wani sashi na jiki. Mafi sau da yawa sha daga aiki na kashi da lymphatic tsarin. Wani lokaci likitoci gyarawa neuroblast girma foci su division tare da m samuwar siffofin maruran. Ta farko metastasizes, sa'an nan dakatar da ci gaba da kuma fara ci baya. Malignancies na wani irin ba halin da irin bayyanar cututtuka.

Brain neuroblastoma a yara da aka farko bincika da masana kimiyya daga Jamus, Rudolfom Virhovym a 1865. Likita ya kira ƙari "glioma." A 'yan shekarun da suka gabata daga baya da American masanin kimiyya Dzheyms Rayt bincika a more daki-daki neoplasm da kuma bayyana a cikin daki-daki cikin tsari na da samuwar.

A ci gaba da matakai na neuroblastoma

Kamar wani ciwon daji marurai, neuroblastoma a yara ke ta dama, saukarwa na ci gaba da na al'ada, kamar yadda aka ayyana ba ka damar sanya wani tasiri magani:

• Stage 1 halin gaban resectable marurai wanda size bai wuce 5 cm, kuma babu Lymph kumburi metastases.
• Mataki 2A. Evidence na sarrafa marurai, mafi yawan abin da su ne batun cire.
• Mataki 2B. Lymph kumburi metastases faruwa da ikirarin.
• Mataki 3. Halin da bayyanar hadin siffofin maruran.
• Mataki na 4 (A-B). Neoplasm tsiro, akwai metastasis ga bargo, hanta da kuma Lymph nodes.

Ya kamata mu ma la'akari da yadda na karshe mataki na bunkasa neuroblastoma a yara. Mataki na 4 bambanta ba peculiar nazarin halittu halaye neoplasias huta, yana mai kyau hangen nesa, kuma idan dace magani ba wani babban rayuwa kudi.

Babban Sanadin ƙari ci gaba

Neuroblastoma, kazalika da sauran irin ciwon daji, tasowa a kan bango na kwayoyin maye gurbi a cikin kwayoyin. A halin yanzu, masana ba zai iya cewa shi ya ba Yunƙurin zuwa wadannan canje-canje. An zaci cewa wani irin rawa da ake kira carcinogenic dalilai, watau, sunadarai, kuma radiation. A sakamakon maye gurbi Kwayoyin fara radiyo, forming wani ƙari. M neoplasm halin da ikon raba cewa bambanta da shi daga benign.

Maye gurbi na sa da samuwar neuroblastoma taso a cikin tsawon fetal ci gaba ko da ewa ba bayan haihuwa na da yaro. Saboda haka, mafi yawan marasa lafiya - grudnichki. Asalin da ƙari fara a neuroblasts. Wannan m jijiya Kwayoyin, wanda ake kafa a tayin lokacin da ta intrauterine ci gaba. A al'ada hanya na ciki neuroblasts zaton da aiki na jijiya zaruruwa ko Kwayoyin suna da alhakin da samuwar na adrenal gland.

mafi yawansu ba su riga kafa lokacin haihuwar da yaro. M Kwayoyin yawanci bace. Lokacin da pathological aiwatar da neuroblasts a lokacin wannan nuna a cikin wani ƙari. The kawai shaida ciwon daji factor - a kayyade predisposition. Duk da haka, hadarin hereditary cuta ba ya wuce 2%.

Mafi sau da yawa, likitoci gane asali retroperitoneal neuroblastoma, a fi so yanki inda sarrafawa - da adrenal gland. Rubuce, da ciwon daji na iya tashi ko ina a cikin jiki. Retroperitoneal neuroblastoma a yara faruwa a 50% na lokuta, 30% da marasa lafiya ɓullo da ƙari nodules na jijiya da lumbar yankin, da sauran 20% zabi ga sarrafawa daga mahaifa da thoracic.

Ta yaya ƙari?

A can farko na pathological aiwatar da takamaiman cututtuka ba su kiyaye. Saboda haka, ƙari ne sau da yawa gani ga sauran cututtuka musamman a wannan lokacin da kungiyar.

Alamun neuroblastoma a yara faruwa dangane da wuri na sarrafawa marurai, yankunan metastatic baza da matakin vasoactive abubuwa. Yadda aka saba, da farko ƙari kumburi ne a cikin retroperitoneal sarari, mafi daidai a cikin adrenal gland. A rare lokuta, an sarrafa a cikin wuyansa, ko a cikin mediastinum.

Ta yaya neuroblastoma a yara? Bayyanar cututtuka da cutar suna lalacewa ta hanyar da a saki hormones da ciwon daji Kwayoyin ko marurai gaba da matsa lamba a kan daya ko sauran jiki. Wani lokacin da girma rinjayar da aiki na hanjinsu da kuma mafitsara. Saboda matsawa na jini a marasa lafiya na faruwa Kwalatai (Scrotum) da ƙananan iyakar edema.

M ko bluish spots a kan fata ne kuma bayyanar cututtuka na neuroblastoma a yara. Su bayyanar nuna hannu a cikin pathological aiwatar da epidermal Kwayoyin. Tare da shigar azzakari cikin farji daga cikin ƙari kai tsaye a cikin bargo na da jariri zama mai rauni, sau da yawa m. A wannan yanayin, ko da wani karamin rauni zai iya haifar da m zub da jini.

Noticing bayyanar cututtuka na neuroblastoma, iyaye ya kamata shawarci likita. ganewa na ciwon daji a wani wuri mataki iya ajiye wani yaro ta rayuwa.

Retroperitoneal neuroblastoma

Neoplasm na neurogenic asalin nama da ya auku a cikin retroperitoneal sarari, halin da m girma. A wani gajeren lokaci, shi da ke shiga cikin kashin baya canal, forming wani lokacin farin ciki daidaito da ƙari, wanda za a iya gano ta palpation.

Neuroblastoma na adrenal gland shine yake a cikin yara da farko yana da wani takamaiman cututtuka har ya kai gare shi da m size da kuma fara hašawa m kyallen takarda. Mene ne alamun bayyananne ƙari?

1. A gaban da m samuwar a cikin kogon ciki.
2. Kumburi na dukan jiki.
3. Rashin jin daɗi da kuma zafi a cikin lumbar yankin.
4. Nauyi asara.
5. An karuwa a yawan zafin jiki.
6. Canje-canje a cikin jini Manuniya tabbatar wa anemia.
7. Numbness, inna daga cikin ƙananan wata gabar jiki.
8. Tada aikin damar iya yin komai daga cikin gastrointestinal fili da kuma urinary tsarin.

Sauran sarrafawa na neurogenic asalin marurai

Neuroblastoma na baya mediastinum a yara ne tare da wani kaifi nauyi asara, da wahala hadiya, wani cuta na numfashi aiki. A wasu lokuta, cutar take kaiwa zuwa wani canji a cikin siffar da kirji.

Marurai zaglazno sarari ne musamman rare, amma da suka sani game da su. Wannan shi ne saboda da cewa duk da ãyõyin a pathological aiwatar bayyane zuwa ga tsirara ido. Neoplasm halin da bayyanar duhu spots a kan ido, wanda yai kama da wata al'ada kurma. Wani alama da aka saukar neuroblastoma fatar ido. Yana maida hankali ne akan wani unnaturally bulging eyeball.

siffofin neuroblastomas

A halin yanzu masana rarrabe neuroblastoma hudu siffofin, kowanne daga abin da yana da wani wuri da kuma sarrafawa da rarrabe halaye.

• Medulloblastoma. Neoplasm fãra zurfi a cikin cerebellum, wanda shi ne dalilin da ya sa ba za a iya cire ta tiyata. A Pathology ne halin da m metastasis. A farkon bayyanar cututtuka na ciwon daji bayyana incoordination.
• Retinoblastoma. Wannan malignancy ƙari cewa rinjayar da akan tantanin ido da ido a cikin matasa marasa lafiya. A rashin magani kaiwa zuwa total makanta kuma kwakwalwa metastases.
• Neyrofibrosarkoma. Wannan ƙari ne sarrafa a cikin kogon ciki.
• Simpatoblastoma. Wannan ƙari ne m, wanda shi ne "gida" ance da m juyayi tsarin da adrenal gland. Neoplasm kafa a tayin lokacin da ta intrauterine ci gaba. Saboda da m karuwa a cikin laka iya shafi a size simpatoblastomy cewa entails inna.

Yadda za a gane neuroblastoma?

Da farko, likita ya furta a da ake zargi da lifiya 'Neuroblastoma' jini da fitsari gwaje-gwaje. A yara, da bayyanar cututtuka da wannan cuta ne kama da sauran cututtuka, da kuma awon gwaji na nazarin halittu da kayayyakin gusar sauran yiwu haddasawa. High rates na catecholamine hormones a cikin fitsari nuna gaban ciwon daji.

Domin sanin girman da ƙari, ta sarrafawa matasa marasa lafiya wajabta CT, duban dan tayi da kuma MRI. An muhimmanci Hanyar ne diagnostic biopsy. A lokacin wannan hanya, wani gwani sa da shinge ciwon daji Kwayoyin ga m dakin gwaje-gwaje jarrabawa, histological analysis.

Bisa ga gwajin sakamakon likita tasowa dabara na jiyya, samar da shugabanci a kan jiyya da kuma hanyar rayuwa na haƙuri.

far zažužžukan

Jiyya na neuroblastoma a wani yaro da aka yawanci hannu a mahara gwani Oncology sashen (himioterapevt, likita, radiologist). Bayan karatu da halaye na ƙari, likitoci ne masu tasowa dabara na ta hallaka. Yana dogara kan yadda ƙari amsa ga ayyuka da za'ayi, da kuma hasashen a lokacin da karshe ganewar asali.

Kullum, magani na neuroblastoma a yara hada da wadannan hanyoyin:

1. Jiyyar cutar sankara. Wannan hanya ya shafi gabatarwar anti-magungunan cutar daji a wani musamman tsara makirci. Shirye-shirye detrimental sakamako a kan ciwon daji Kwayoyin, hana su haifuwa. Tare da su shafa da sauran sassa na jiki, wadda take kaiwa zuwa da na kowa illa (gashi hasara, tashin zuciya, zawo). A tasiri na far an karu da sau da yawa a tare da tare da dasawa da bargo.
2. M magani ya shafi kau da siffofin maruran. Kafin aiki ne amfani jiyyar cutar sankara. Yana ba ka damar rage gudu ƙari girma da kuma hanyar komawa da baya daga metastases. Admissibility kammala ta kau ya dogara da wuri da kuma size. A kananan ƙari dake kusa da laka, yin sa baki sosai m.
3. Radiation far a zamani likita yi ne da wuya amfani. Yana da ƙara a cikin 'yan shekaru maye gurbin tiyata, kazalika da radiation ne ba su aminta ba da daukawa a wasu barazana ga rayuwar yaro. Radiation far bada shawarar tsananin kan abin shaida, a lokacin da akwai wani low yadda ya dace da sauran hanyoyin da magani, a cikin hali na unresectable neuroblastoma a yara.

A musamman rage cin abinci tare da ganewar asali kananan marasa lafiya ba a nuna. Iyaye da yawa suna kokarin magance dukan hanyoyi na rayuwa na Chadi, daidaita cin abincin nasu. An tabbatar da cewa wasu daga cikin kayayyakin ko, mafi daidai, da abubuwa kunshe a su, kara jiki ta defenses kuma markedly hana ci gaban na siffofin maruran. Irin wannan abubuwa sun hada da tutiya, da baƙin ƙarfe, betaine, daban-daban bitamin. Su ne mai arziki a cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa Citrus, matasa ganye, karas, kabewa.

Nasarar da wani magani dogara kan yadda babban neuroblastoma a yara. A Sanadin cutar da kuma mataki na cuta ma suna da muhimmanci. A amfani m hanyoyin a farkon matakai na ciwon daji samuwar ya ba da bege ga wani cikakken maida. Duk da haka, wannan ba ya canja da kananan haƙuri a kan likita ziyara da kuma wucewa da jarrabawa domin su hana wani yiwu komawa.

Yiwuwar karshe dawo Ba a cire a karo na biyu mataki, bayar da cewa wani cin nasara aiki da jiyyar cutar sankara.

Wasu matsaloli bayyana a cikin karshen matakai na wannan Pathology kamar yadda neuroblastoma. Yara 4 mataki na wani ciwon daji ne yawanci tare da m kintace. Da komowa ne zai yiwu bayan kau da ƙari, a kan bango na ga alama dawo. A gaba ƙarni na m yanayi ne da yawanci kafa a wannan wuri inda ya kafin. Kintacen wannan mataki ne 20% rayuwa na tsawon shekaru biyar. A wannan yanayin, duk abin da ya dogara da horo na kwararru, da kasancewa daga cikin zama dole kayayyakin kiwon lafiya.

Outlook

Bayan m far Oncology hangen nesa domin mafi yawan marasa lafiya ne m. Yara da sarrafa ƙari tsari, likitoci sun ce m warke maza maza. Game da wannan category da marasa lafiya, da ciwon daji na iya bace ko ba tare da tiyata, amma m likita far a cikin wannan yanayin ne m. A mazan yara, tun da yada fitar da ƙari, da chances na dawo da cikakken suna da yawa m. Bugu da ƙari, cikin ƙari iya sake aukuwa.

The sakamako na lura sau da yawa taka wata sakandare neuroblastoma a yara. Forecast a cikin wannan yanayin ne ba da mafi m. A ƙari iya bayyana sake bayan 'yan shekaru, ciki har da bayan nasara magani. Wannan irin abubuwan a magani koma ga marigayi illa. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa dukan marasa lafiya ba tare da togiya, bayan wani hanya na far bada shawarar da likitoci ne kullum kiyaye.

m matakan

Doctors ba ba wani takamaiman shawarwari domin hana ci gaban wani m yanayin da ƙari, kazalika da dalilan da da samuwar har yanzu talauci gane, tare da togiya daga cikin kamata hereditary predisposition. Idan kusantar dangi taba yi a magance wannan insidious kamu a lokacin daukar ciki shiryawa ne kyawawa don halartar shawara na doctor- jini. shi ne wata ila don taimaka kauce wa nan gaba disturbances dangantawa da haihuwar wani m yaro.

Abin baƙin ciki, da ciwon daji yanzu ƙara kamu a cikin matasa marasa lafiya ne ba togiya neuroblastoma a yara. Photo Pathology za a iya samu a cikin na musamman likita reference books. A takamaiman hanyoyin da rigakafin, likitoci ba zai iya bayar da saboda m etiology Pathology. Lokacin da farko bayyanar cututtuka suggestive da wannan cuta, yana da muhimmanci a kanemi shawara. Kawai bayan da ta shiga da cikakken bincike da kimantawa iya yin hukunci da harafin da siffofin maruran da kuma wajen samar da abar magani dabarun. A baya gwani zai tabbatar da karshe ganewar asali, da mafi alhẽri chances for cikakken maida. Zauna lafiya!