Nichrome-waya: halaye da kuma aikace-aikace

Fasaha tana sa high bukatar a yi ta bijiro da batun kafa kayan matching da ainihin aiki yanayi. Daya daga cikin high-tech gami shi ne nichrome. Wayoyi da kuma na'urorin dauke da shi, shi ne resistant zuwa maƙiya hali aiki.

Tarihi na samu

A gami shi ne nickel-chromium fili, da kuma bambancin ƙara baƙin ƙarfe, manganese, aluminum da silicon.

Asali Na yi hanyoyi biyu na asali. Kafe a kimiyya da bincike a cikin filin da karafa alloying da gyaggyarawa dũkiyõyinsu. Ni kuma Kr - gyara daga high quality-lalata-resistant da zafi resistant steels.

Kamar yadda wani biyu-bangaren gami da nickel da chromium, shi da aka gano a 1906 a Amurka. Yau tambaya daban-daban gyare-gyare, ciki har da wani uku-baƙin ƙarfe-tushen.

key Properties

A kayan ga zamani dumama kayan ga iyali da kuma masana'antu amfani ne babu shakka nichrome waya. Da kaddarorin hadu da mafi fasaha da bukatun.

1. Banana resistivity cikin 1100-1400 Ohm * m.
2. Narkewa batu - game 1400˚S, kyale ta yi aiki a 800-1100˚S. Iyaka ga aiki ya dogara da abun da ke ciki. Saboda haka, baƙin ƙarfe abun ciki rage shi zuwa 850-900˚S, ga m binary shi ne 1100˚S.
3. Yawa 8000-8500 kg / m ^3.
4. High ƙarfi (σ _a = 650-700 MPa). Manuniya adana karkashin acidic lalatattu yanayi da kuma babba zazzabi.
5. Good ductility tare da karuwa da sauri taurin damar domin mirgina kuma jawo.

bayãnin hukuncin siffofin

Daga cikin mafi m lantarki kayayyakin a kasuwa - Nichrome waya. A resistivity na wannan bangaren na lantarki dumama kayan exceptionally high, cewa ba ka damar da fadi da bukatar.

An muhimmanci alama na karfe ne ta jure high zazzabi hadawan abu da iskar shaka da kuma lalatattu a karkashin al'ada yanayi. A key rawar da aka taka leda a nan Chrome. Sinadarin ƙunshi wani surface m zuwa wani oxide fim, wanda ya aikata wani m aiki. Shi ne ke da alhakin m duhu launi kayan da aka maye gurbinsu da halayyar fari-m lokacin da inji kau da oxidized Layer.

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa kai tsaye lamba tare acid har yanzu ta halakar da ita, har ma fiye da da lalata-resistant tungsten.

Biyu-bangaren gami yana da Magnetic Properties. Da suka faru ga mahara gyare-gyare, amma ya yi rauni yi.

Nichrome waya ne mai karko, ba za a iya samun sauƙin rinjayi da iko.

Systematize bayani game da yadda za a ƙayyade da Nichrome waya, yafi yadda za a rarrabe shi daga waje, ko kuma kama kayan:

1. White sabon karfe, duhu - baya ci gaba.
2. Korau ko negligible Magnetic.
3. Rigidity.
4. Halakar ta acid, hadawan abu da iskar shaka da kwanciyar hankali a ƙarƙashin rinjayar high yanayin zafi.

akayi nomenclature

Data kasance brands bambanta a abun da ke ciki, matsayi kewayon Nichrome gami. Da waya yana mai tartsatsi amfani, wanda aka ƙaddara da mutum Properties na kowane.

• Group 1 - resistor material: H20N80, H20N73YUM-VI, VI-N80HYUD, H15N60.
• Group 2 - Metal dumama abubuwa domin cikin gida da kuma masana'antu amfani da high halaye na zafi juriya: H20N80-H-VI, H15N60-N, N-HN70YU, H20N80-H HN20YUS.
• Group 3 - don aiki a yanayin zafi sama 900˚S: N50K10, Kh25N20.

A diamita na Nichrome waya na farko da kungiyar ne 0,009-0,4 mm, da kuma na biyu - 0,2-7,5 mm.

"Danginsa," ne Cantal ko fehrali - chromium gami, aluminum da baƙin ƙarfe. Suna kuma halin high lantarki resistivity, jure zafi a cikin 1250-1400˚S, amma kasa dogara, albeit low darajar (H23YU5, H13YU4, H23YU5T, H27YU5T, H15YU5).

deciphering kan sarki

Properties da kuma aikace-aikace na kayayyakin daga nichrome aka ƙaddara da ta sinadaran abun da ke ciki. Ka yi la'akari da babban rabo.

• H20N73YUM-VI: chromium - 20% nickel - 73% aluminum - 3% molybdenum - 1.5% manganese - har zuwa 0.3% titanium - 0.05%, da baƙin ƙarfe - 2%, carbon - to 0.05%. narke tare da wani injin shigar da hanyar.
• HN70YU-H: Kr - 27%, Ni - 70%, Al - 3%, mn - har zuwa 0,3%, Cs - to 0,03%, Ba - har zuwa 0,1%, Fe - 1.5% , C - 0.1%. domin lantarki dumama abubuwa.
• HN20YUS: Kr - 20%, Ni - 20%, Al - 1%, Zn - har zuwa 0,2%, Ca - har zuwa 0,1%, Si - 2,5%, Fe - 50%, C - to 0, 08% - heaters ga masana'antu Tanderu.

-daban na kayayyakin

Selection na wani gami wanda aka halin high quality fasaha da kuma inji halaye, dole ne na rasa da kuma kayyade. Musamman lõkacin da ta je babban kudin. Ta haka ne a high-tech da tsada abu ne nichrome waya. Gost 8803-89, 12766.1-90, 12766.3-90, 12766.4-90 ma'anar da bukatun, fasali da kuma alama aikace-aikace. A daidai da matsayin da dangane da fuska siffofin, da karfe da aka gabatar don sayarwa a cikin nau'i na waya ko tef, da zabi na abin da ya dogara da diamita, giciye sashe, tsawon, musamman amfani.

A dace tushen da aka yi birgima ga masana'antu masana'antu tef wandar-wandar tafiyar maciji, ya kumshe wadansu abubuwan da waya.

samfurin jaddadawa

A lokacin da zabar kayayyakin daga nichrome ne muhimmanci a yi la'akari da wadannan siffofin:

• maras resistivity.
• diamita, giciye sashe da kuma nauyi.
• ainihin impedance da kuma zafin aiki jeri dangane jiki sigogi.

A maras dabi'u na asali parametric halaye an ƙaddara da Gost da kuma dogara a kan sa da kuma abun da ke ciki.

Nichrome waya-diamita kayyade ta giciye-sashe da kuma m nauyi skein haƙiƙa juriya.

Saboda haka, nauyi na waya (nichrome) mita 100 samfurin ne kai tsaye na gwargwado ga ta size, da kuma diamita da bangaranci yankin - shi ne inversely na gwargwado ga ainihin juriya.

A zafin aiki dogara ba kawai a kan sinadaran abun da ke ciki, amma kuma a kan parametric halaye.

A diamita da waya ana samar da masana'antun, shi ne a cikin 0,05-12 mm da kuma kaset - 0,15-3,2 mm.

aikace-aikace

Quality ko da yaushe tabbatar da kudin. Haka ya shafi cikin Nichrome gami. Waya da kuma tube wannan abu an yi amfani da ko'ina a cikin yankunan inda wani karafa iya ba maye gurbin su. High lantarki juriya, hadawan abu da iskar shaka da juriya, high quality-inji Properties, ciki har da lalatattu muhallin, high zafin jiki aiki yanayi - duk wannan za a iya amfani da su a fannoni daban daban.

A cikin masana'antu:

• Thermocouples metallurgic lantarki Tanderu.
• Tsarin abubuwa don shigar da karfe-da-dab kayan aiki.
• Industrial iska bushewa.
• Sassa na boilers da zafi exchangers.
• Banana samar: resistors da rheostats.
• Wasu wayoyin domin waldi.
• Single da Multi-shugaba lantarki wayoyi.

Shi ne babban tsarin bangaren na dukkan zamani kayan:

• Dumama abubuwa a lantarki kafaffu, ruwa heaters, boilers, heaters.
• Dumama abubuwa a na'urorin busa gashi, curling mari, mari.
• Automotive kyandirori da tsarin dumama.
• Lantarki taba.

Zai yiwu farashin - kawai drawback Nichrome abu. Waya bicomponent irin nickel-chromium zai zama mafi tsada. Da abun ciki na baƙin ƙarfe da kuma rage yawa na nickel, bi da bi, da tsara wani m kudin, amma ba su samar da damar da Cr20Ni80. The zabi ya dogara a kan fasaha da bukatun.

Zabar kayayyakin daga nichrome zahiri aiki tare da bayanai a kan sinadaran abun da ke ciki na amfani da iri, ta lantarki watsin da juriya, da jiki da halaye na diamita, giciye-bangaranci tsawon. Abu mai muhimmanci da sha'awar da dacewa takardun, kazalika don su iya gani rarrabe gami daga ta "fafatawa a gasa". Yadda ya kamata a zabi abu - da key da AMINCI kayan aiki da kuma fasahar da ta alkawari.