Organization ga tattalin arzikin da kuma raya ƙasashe. OECD da ayyukan

A Organization ga tattalin arzikin da kuma raya shi ne wani International Association of lamba na raya ƙasashe domin sake gina wani na kowa Turai siyasa karkashin laimar gabatarwar da ake kira Marshall Shirin. La'akari da shaci ta asali tsari da kuma aiki.

Marshall shirin

Saboda haka, shi ya fara har da baya kamar yadda 1948 a cikin tsarin na shirin kafa fita a shekara da suka wuce da Sakatariyar harkokin wajen Amurka George Marshall. Kamar yadda aka sani, sakamakon yakin duniya na biyu ya zama wani tsanani tattalin arziki koma bayan tattalin arziki cikin Turai. Kuma idan tarayyar Soviet jimre a kan nasu, don rufe darajõji daga badininsu na kama karya, Turai sa a kango da kuma a lokaci guda ya quite fragmented tsarin.

By kuma manyan, da tarihi na Iron Curtain fara a nan. The International Organization ga tattalin arzikin da kuma raya aka ɗauki cikinsa a Amurka a matsayin dama, domin isar da post-yaki, ya fadi a Turai. A shekara ta 1948 a birnin Paris akwai wani taro na wakilan 16 Yammacin kasashen Turai. An ban sha'awa Gaskiyar ita ce, da shugabannin da aka kira su zuwa ga Eastern kasashen Turai. Duk da haka, da Soviet gwamnatin daukar wannan a matsayin wata barazana ga nasu bukatun da bai da damar su halarci taron.

baƙin ƙarfe labule

A farko mambobi ne na Organization ga tattalin arzikin da kuma raya - An, ba shakka, Amurka da kuma wasu kasashen yammacin Turai kasashe, wanda, da kuma taimakon kudi daga American gefen daidai da Marshall Shirin da aka bayar. Wadannan sun hada da United Kingdom, France, Italy, West Germany da kuma Netherlands. Wadannan kasashe samun mafi tsabar kudi infusions, kuma domin da ragewa adadin kudi kashe Amurka a cikinsu. Duk da haka, babban sharadin tsabar kudi kwarara kwatance Amirkawa sa da kawar da jam'iyyar umarni a wadannan kasashen da wani kwaminisanci nufi. Saboda haka, United States fara mamaye da kuma siffar da manufofin yammacin Turai. Wani muhimmin al'amari da yake da tabbatarwa daga siyasa adawa kasashe na wannan kungiyar da Tarayyar Soviet da kuma kasashen da suka samu a sakamakon da postwar rabo a ƙarƙashin rinjayar da karshen.

Amurka amfanin

Babu shakka, da Organization ga tattalin arzikin da Development (OECD) ne mai kai tsaye jarin bukatun {asar Amirka, domin ta wannan hanya su ne ba kawai iya intelligently zuba jari babbar adadin kudi - fiye da goma dala biliyan, amma kuma m zuwa sayar da kayayyakin gona, shi ne vitally zama dole ga kasar, shi ne a kango, musamman cikin sharuddan samar da abinci. A kan bukatun da kasashen-mahalarta na alliance don samar da hanyoyi na samar da su aika da kayayyaki, kamar yadda a cikin shekaru na yaki da Amurka sun iya haifar da irin wannan babban girma da ragi samar. A sakamakon haka, wannan taimako ya sa a ma fi girma dogara a kan Organization ga tattalin arzikin da kuma raya na Amurka.

A ci gaba da abun da ke ciki na OECD

A cikin 60s na mahalarta ya kumbura, kuma ya ci gaba da girma to wannan rana. A Organization ga tattalin arzikin da kuma raya yana a halin yanzu 34 members. Cibiyarsa a Paris, da kuma hukumar mulki ne kwamitin wakilan da suka halarci kasashe. All ayyuka suna hadewa da membobinta, da kuma ci gaban da wani yanke shawara sanya a kan tushen da yarjejeniya. Jerin kasashe na Organization ga tattalin arzikin da kuma raya. Bugu da kari ga baya aka ambata mambobi for 2015 ciki har da: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Hungary, Girka, Denmark, Isra'ila, Ireland, Iceland, Spain, Canada, Luxembourg, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Turkey Finland, Czech Republic, Chile, Switzerland, Sweden, Estonia, Koriya ta Kudu da kuma Japan.

aiki

Babban ayyuka na Organization ga tattalin arzikin da kuma raya shi ne ya tsara da kuma hikimar tantance ayyukan a wadannan yankunan: kudin haram, ko kuma wajen, da yaki da wannan sabon abu, a Bugu da kari, da danniya da kin biyan haraji, cin hanci da rashawa, cin hanci da rashawa, da kuma sauran al'amurran da suka shafi na monetary dangantakar dake tsakanin daban-daban na zamantakewa Tsarin.

A gaskiya, shi ne wani dandamali ga sulhu da tattaunawar tsakanin kasashe mambobin kungiyar a kan al'amurran da suka shafi sama da aka ambata. Yana sa shawarwari ga membobin kungiyar tafiyad da daban-daban tattalin arziki kalubalen da suke fuskanta a cikin tsarin tattalin arziki aiki a kan da karkararta.

zamani tarihi

A Organization ga tattalin arzikin da Development (OECD) ne kullum la'akari da shawarwarin membobinsu daga kasashe daban-daban daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Alal misali, a shekarar 1996, irin wadannan maganganu yi Baltic kasashen da Rasha, amma sun kasance duk sun ƙaryata. Shi ne kawai a 2010 a Estonia, shi da aka yarda da su shiga cikin hadin gwiwa.

A shekarar 2005, shi ne idan akai la'akari da tallafi na kasar Sin ta alliance. Yana duk ya fara da bada shawarwari na Sakatare Janar na OECD, ya ce cewa a cikin lokaci, kasashe irin su Portugal da Spain, wanda sun wadãta nasu mulkin kama karya, sun samu karbuwa a matsayin mambobi ne na kungiyar. Bugu da kari, da sharadin siyasa ba su tsoma baki a cikin al'amura tattalin arziki. A cewar shi, kasar Sin ne da ya fi alamar tattalin arziki a kan duniya sikelin. Yana kai cikin mafi girma da girma na karfe a kasuwannin duniya. Kuma da yawa fiye da abũbuwan amfãni kawo sunayensu OECD Sakatare Janar a cikin goyon bayan ra'ayin. Duk da haka, da batun ba tukuna warware. Duk da haka, akwai wasu ci gaba a bangaren Koriya ta arewa, a matsayin Organization ga tattalin arzikin da kuma raya an bai wa damar duba jihar na kasar. Abin da shi ne yawanci a precursor zuwa jihar shigarwa a cikin sahu na OECD.

Rasha da kuma OECD

M dangantakar gama kasarmu da OECD. A batun da aka tashe ta Rasha a shekarar 1996, kamar yadda aka ambata a riga. Na farko, duk da haka, shi ya kasance m ƙi saboda babbar fidda kasar nagartacce na Organization ga tattalin arzikin da kuma raya. Wannan bai hana jagorancin Rasha Federation su ci gaba da lobby ga batun.

Wadannan ayyuka sun kai ga cewa an yanke shawarar a shekarar 2007 a fara tattaunawa a kan membobinsu na OECD Jagororin. An muhimmanci mataki a cikin wannan shugabanci shi ne gabatarwar Rasha a cikin World Trade Organization, a 2012. A gaba milestone ya da sanarwar da shugaban OECD cewa a shekarar 2015, Rasha za ta dauki membobinsu na Organization ga tattalin arzikin da kuma raya a dauke da fitar da dukan zama dole yanayi. Duk da haka, wannan bai faru ba. Haka kuma, shi da aka kwanan nan ya sanar da cewa, an yanke shawarar a kan wannan al'amari ne dakatarda illa ma sha Allahu. Saboda haka muna jira kuma muna, da wakilan da al'adu, ko da shekara talatin da suka wuce disclaims wani Yammacin tasiri a kan mu.

ƙarshe

An kafa kungiyar a matsayin inji don taimaka wa halakar bayan yakin duniya na II Turai, gina a kan amincewa daga cikin United States shugabannin siyasa, ƙarshe samu cikin siffofin na wani kai-tasowa, da kuma kai-gudãnar Union ta karfin tattalin arziki na duniya, mukaddashin ga mai kyau na duniya. Lalle ne, tambayoyi domin kawar da kin biyan haraji, cin hanci da rashawa da kuma cin hanci da rashawa bukatar da za a magance. Kuma ko da yake wadannan mamaki na mutum dangantakar suna kafe a cikin zurfin mutane ta sani, duk da haka, ko da irin wannan wani yunkuri ne wani al'amari na girmamawa. A general, da matsayi na kungiyar da aka karfafa cewa bil'adama za su jimre da matsalolin tattalin saboda da kokari dukan ƙasashe a duniya a cikin shugabanci na warware su.