PD-14 - engine. Turbofan engine: sabon aukuwa

More kwanan nan, a matsayin wani ɓangare na Il-76LL awon gwaji ya fara, inda ya gwada PD-14 - engine, wanda aka dauke wani muhimmin ci gaba a cikin shekaru talatin da na cikin gida da sifirin jiragen sama. Me ya sa? Akwai dalilai da yawa.

ra'ayi

PD-14 - biyar tsara engine tsakanin turbojet injuna. Yana da wani hadadden zane inda aiwatar da m aikin injiniya mafita. Samun a kalla a injin turbin ruwa juyawa a mita na dubu goma sha biyu juyin minti daya. A daidai wannan lokaci shi abubuwa centrifugal karfi goma sha takwas tons. Irin wannan injin turbin ruwan wukake ne har zuwa saba'in.

Ta yaya shi duka ya fara

A ra'ayin don ƙirƙirar da engine bayyana a farkon na biyu dubbai JSC "Aircraft Engine". A dogon lokacin da cin an yi karatu domin samar da injuna na shugabannin duniya a lokacin da aka bincikar yadda iska da kuma amfani da jiragen sama. Yayin da Rasha kasuwar na waje masana'antun flooded kome. Yana buga wuya da kuma m engine. Saboda haka, developers da mai wuya aiki, ba wai kawai don isa matakin na shugabannin duniya, amma kuma ya fi data kasance fasahar, kazalika da yin cikin gida da jiragen sama m muhalli, farashin da kuma kudin fihirisa. A fili yake cewa da su aiwatar da irin wannan aiki da aka ba sauki.

Yana da aka haka ya yanke shawarar yin amfani da dukan abũbuwan amfãni daga m Enterprises da kuma cibiyoyin bincike don samar da injuna.

Babban ra'ayin aikin ya haifar da wani zamani gas janareta da ciwon irin sigogi, a kan tushen da shi yiwuwa a gina da injuna na daban-daban iyawarsa. Su kamata shigar a kan daban-daban da jirgin sama, kazalika da terrestrial na'urorin manufa - a kan ikon shuke-shuke da shigarwa na famfo gas. A gas janareta ne mafi wuya taro da babban ƙarfin lantarki motor. Yana da aka ta hanyar da ya daidaituwa na matsalar da aka warware a cikin arziki na jerin samar domin daban-daban raka'a. A lokaci guda muhimmanci rage kudin da kowane daga cikin gaba model. Duk kayan da fasahar for zane da aka ba shigo da (kuma lalle ne, haƙĩƙa iya ba, ko da irin so ya tashi saboda data ne sirrin da ba su bayyana), da kuma samar a Rasha.

Tsare sirri

Ya kamata a haifa tuna cewa a cikin Baya ga Rasha kamfanoni don gina jet injuna na sabon ƙarni fasahar suna samuwa ne kawai a Amurka, Faransa da Birtaniya. Sai dai itace cewa su mallakar wani karami yawan kasashen fiye da wadanda cewa mallaki makaman nukiliya, kuma suna iya kaddamar da tauraron dan adam zuwa cikin sararin samaniya. China, misali, shekaru da yawa na kokarin ci a cikin wannan filin. Ya sauƙi iya kwafa m Su-27, amma AL-31F engine, kuma haka ya kasance babu. Saboda haka, wannan kasa ne har yanzu tilasta saya riga ba zamani engine a Rasha. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa gaba a wannan yanki kiyãye ta jiha.

The hadin gwiwa na developers da kuma masana'antun

Duk da mahalarta, wanda aka shirin aiwatar da aikin, da goyan bayan da ra'ayin. A 2006, suka sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniya a kan hadin gwiwa aiwatar, wanda daga baya ya zama dalilin gaba hadin gwiwa.

{Udurin tsiwirwirinsu, da goyon bayan gwamnatin. Aikin da aka kira "PD-14." A engine suka fara samar a cikin JSC "Aircraft Engine", da kuma samar da a JSC "MC UEC". Bugu da kari ga manyan kamfanoni a aiwatar shafi wani yawan manyan kamfanonin sufurin jiragen sama engine, reshe cibiyoyi na bayar da cibiyoyi na bayar da Rasha Academy of Sciences.

synchronous samarwa

PD-14 - Turbofan engine shafi cikin turbojet, shi ne dirka 14 ton. Ana nufin za a shigar a cikin jirgin sama MS-21 (aka lasafta a kan yawan fasinjojin daga ɗari da talatin da daya ɗari da tamanin), wanda za a kaddamar a shekara ta 2017. Saboda haka jirgin sama engine halitta synchronously tare da MS 21 kanta.

Idan aikin yana amfani da abin da ake kira Gate-fasahar. A karshen kowane mataki ne da za'ayi m ga jarrabawa, tare da sa hannu na masana - wakilan duk kungiyoyi. Ta hanyar wannan yanayin, idan ya cancanta, gudanar da lokacin da za a yi gyara da kuma kauce wa yiwu kurakurai.

Mene ne sabon ne engine

The aka yi harsãshinsa a cikin gargajiya mafita, wanda sun tabbatar da AMINCI a gaban PD-14. A engine a lokaci guda ya ƙunshi wani zamani zane da fasaha. Amfani, kamar nickel da titanium superalloys, wanda cimma da ake so sigogi. Saboda haka, Rasha developers ya yi wani ingantaccen tsalle zuwa wani sabon matakin, inda jirgin engine ya inganta a duk manyan Manuniya.

Saboda haka, da man fetur amfani an rage ta goma sha biyu ga goma sha shida cikin dari. A gabatarwar da polymer kumshin kayan inganta sauti attenuation da kuma rage engine nauyi. New iri na kayan, akwai game da ashirin.

High quality aka samu da samar da goma sha shida babban fasahar amfani. Tun da farko a engine bai yi amfani da su. Saboda haka, yanzu akwai aiki ci gaba da kuma su gabatarwar cikin samarwa.

A shekarar 2012, domin nuna engine tare da bayyana fasaha da kuma zane mafita, ya samu nasarar wuce benci gwaje-gwaje na engine-fasahar zanga-zanga. Excellent sakamakon da aka samu a kan acoustics, watsi da thermodynamic.

A engine PD-14 bayani dalla-dalla da kuma airworthy su tabbatar da yana amfani da wani musamman cancantar da kayan amfani. A data banki, wanda aka rubuta kayan, ya ƙunshi dukkan bayanai game da matakin da tsarin ƙarfi, wanda suka yi. All kayan ana gwada a musamman dakunan gwaje-gwaje a yau.

Manufofi na aikin

A ci gaba da injuna yana tare da wadannan manufofin:

• rage samar da kudin.
• rage goyon baya da kuma gyara halin kaka.
• bada garantin barga aiki na inji;
• rage man fetur amfani.
• nauyi saukarwa.
• rage amo watsi da abubuwa masu cutarwa.

Tare da aikin a kan engine, halitta a dace tsarin raka'a bayan sale sabis. Yana hada, a Bugu da kari ga mafi kyau duka gyara da kuma tabbatarwa da dabaru mafita, garanti, kuma sabis. Wannan yana da muhimmanci musamman saboda a gaskiya wannan tsarin ne kusan wadanda ba babu, a matsayin m samar da jirgin sama sarrafa bit.

garanti na nasara

aikace-aikace don a takardar shaidar da aka sallama a 2013 zuwa PD-14, da kuma a karshen shekarar 2015 an riga an gwada.

Saboda gaskiya cewa aikin da ake aiwatar da wani yawan kamfanoni da cibiyoyin bincike, da tabbatar da ingantaccen amfani da kasafin kudin kudi. Zuba jari a ci gaba da kuma a cikin ainihin aiwatar da aikin, damar cin nasara da backlog, wanda aka lura a cikin gida jirgin sama masana'antu da kuma kafa harsashin ginin domin ta kara ci gaba.

Cin gaban sabuwar fasahar yanzu zama musamman tasiri a matsayin mai zaman kansa yi zai taimaka wajen hana dukan kurakurai. All aukuwa ana gabatar a notoriously nasara aikin. All aikin mahalarta ci gaba da amfãne a kudi na sauran umarni, wanda negates hadarin hasãra.

PD 7, PD-10, PD-14 da PS0-90

The kawai m engine, wanda aka sanye take da jiragen a Rasha a yau ne PS-90A. All sauran jirgin sama da waje raka'a.

Project developers suna shirin don canja wurin a nan gaba duk Rasha jirage a kan m sabon Motors.

PS-90A - a turbofan engine. Turbojet irin PD-14 warware matsalolin wanda ya wanzu kafin jet injuna, wanda ya hana su amfani da sifirin jiragen sama. Babban matsalar da ke cikin sararin man fetur amfani da karfi amo. A cikin sabon aikin, wadannan da sauran cikas an shawo kan, da barin engine za a yanzu za a amfani da} ungiyoyin da jirgin sama.

A engine iyali hada PD-14 da kuma PD-7 aggregates da ciwon gogayya zuwa 7900 kilo, kuma PD-10 da dirka har zuwa 9900 kilo. A mafi yawan iko version of PD-14M ne iya kara jirgin nesa a matsayin matsakaicin kaya, kuma ba tare da shi. Kuma shi za a aiwatar da rage yawan man fetur da amfani da goma zuwa goma sha hudu da kashi idan aka kwatanta da wadanda suka halin yanzu cinye turbofan engine.

Bukatar a gida da kuma waje kasuwar

Developers da cikakkiyar amincewa a nan gaba jikewa injuna PD-14 ciki kasuwar. Daga cikin biyar gasar jirgin sama aiki a kasuwannin cikin gida, da MS-21 yana da wani gagarumin amfani a cikin yawan fasinjoji. Shi ne iya kawo ɗari biyu da goma sha biyu mutane. Bari mu gwada: 737 daukawa kawai 189 fasinjoji, kuma Bombardier-CS300 - kawai 135. Bugu da kari, daɗa ƙaran na kaya, wuce da kuma kujeru. Wannan zai sauƙaƙe da bugun sama da loading aiwatar da saukewa na fasinjoji.

Wani gagarumin amfani ne low cost da jirgin sama. Idan m jirgin sama, da ciwon mafi kyau a ciki da engine, yana da daraja saba'in da takwas dala miliyan, 737, misali, halin kaka ga kamfanonin a kusan xari da bakwai da miliyan da Bombardier-CS300 - tamanin da miliyan.

Amma nan gaba saki na MS-21 a kasuwar kasa da kasa, a can ne ya zuwa yanzu a nan gaba ne bai tabbata ba. The kawai real waje mai saye shi ne mai Malaysia kamfanin, ya riga ya yi umurni da ashirin da biyar da jirgin sama.

Daga m kamfanoni sun yi umurni da jirgin saman:

• "Tunisair" - hamsin guda.
• "VEB-yin haya" - talatin.
• "Ilyushin Finance" - ashirin da takwas.
• "Sberbank yin haya" - ashirin.
• "IrAero" - goma.

Gaskiyar cewa kamfanin da namu, da kuma kasashen waje har ka ayan saya MS-21 za a iya haɗa har da bai cika gwaje-gwaje. Bugu da kari, akwai matsalar rashin wani ci gaba tsarin da sabis bayan da sayar da jiragen sama.

Duk da haka, shugaban kasar na Rasha Federation Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin a wani taron manema labarai a karshen shekarar 2015 da kammala wannan aiki kira PD-14 da ya fi muhimmanci, a cikin Rasha engine gini tun da eighties na karni na ashirin, da kuma bayyana tabbacin cewa, mu sabon injuna zai fi waje analogues.

Saboda haka, akwai kowane dalili ya hango ko hasashen nasarar da m dvigatele- da kuma jirgin sama gini.