Rana Rana: siffofi da rai, kuma kiwo

Daya daga cikin mafi yawa jinsunan fauna ne daji rana (Rana arvalis) - hankula wakilin aji na halittar dabba mai kafafuwa. Yana da na kowa a cikin yankuna da dama na kududdufai, da salla zauna da ajiye.

bayyanar

Wannan irin rana ne daban-daban manyan size, kai a kalla tsawon na 7 cm. A hallmark na kaifi-nosed muzzle. Akwai wasu siffofin na halitta na jiki. Saboda haka, a lokacin da ƙara da wata gabar jiki perpendicularly da axis na jiki, da idon gidajen abinci ba su isa zuwa sauran daya. Quite babban girma daga wadannan frogs ciki calcaneal tuber. Ya ke tsayi da kuma fiye da rabin tsawon dukan yatsa.

Saboda da peculiar canza launi, daji rana ne kusan ganuwa a cikin ciyawa. A baya shi ne ruwan kasa launi iya samun daban-daban rawaya, ruwan hoda, zaitun inuwa. Yana sau da yawa located m duhu spots na daban-daban masu girma dabam. Tare da mayar da wani lokacin wuce haske tsiri. Daga cikin ido zuwa kafada lullube wani duhu tabo, ya yi aikin aiki na sake kamanni yayin farauta. Maza za a iya gano ta hanyar aure m calluses, located a kan yatsun kafa na gaban ƙafafunsa, kazalika da bluish launi na jiki, wanda ta samu a cikin ma'abota kakar. Rayuwa Hasashen Averages shekaru 12.

baza

Kusan ko'ina a kasashen Turai sanaki daji kwado, photo dauka a wannan labarin. A arewa yanki na ta rarraba da aka iyakance zuwa Scandinavia, a kudu - {asar Yugoslavia, da kuma Romania. A Rasha, da kewayon da jinsunan kara daga White Sea zuwa ƙananan kai na cikin Don a Rostov yankin, ciki har da kasashen yammacin Siberia da Urals.

habitats

Gandunan daji da gandun daji-steppe zone - babban wuri inda mafi massively kawaici a wannan nau'in na frogs. A cikin duwatsu, suka lokaci-lokaci za a iya samu a cikin Altai yankin, a tsawon ba fiye da 2140 mita saman teku matakin a cikin Carpathian duwãtsu, to tsawon 987 m. Suna zaune kusan ko'ina, zabar duka biyu rigar da bushe yankunan. A deciduous da kuma gauraye gandun daji fi son kai da baki, glades. Son shirya a ambaliyar tuddanta, swamps overgrown ravines, fadamun arziki ciyawa. Yana ba nadiri saduwa wadannan halittar dabba mai kafafuwa a cikin m arable asashe, gõnaki, kuma ko da a birane Parks da gidãjen Aljanna.

hanyar rayuwa

Kamar dukan sauran halittar dabba mai kafafuwa, rana Rana iya samun daban-daban aiki, wanda ya dogara a kan yanayi zazzabi. A farko na sanyi weather, suka zama kasa ta hannu. Da ikon da wadannan halittar dabba mai kafafuwa numfashi ba kawai ta hanyar huhu, amma dukan surface na fata na bukatar a m yanayi. Dry iska ne iya a hallaka su. Saboda haka, mafi yawan lokaci da rana ciyarwa a cikin ruwa, wani lokacin daga tafki a nesa na ba fiye da 20 mita. Su za a iya boye a karkashin tushen da itatuwa, auku ganye, m ciyawa. Da aka fi faruwa lokacin zafi ya wuce 85%.

A kaka, a watan Satumba ko Oktoba, rana da ke shiga rashin himma. Yanã ciyarwa da shi a cikin ƙasa, ya kange in haihuwa rodent burrows, rududdugaggu kututture ko basements.

abinci

Babban abinci ga frogs ne kwari. Mafi sau da yawa wannan shine beetles, sauro, caterpillars. Shin ba ƙi ci a rana daji molluscs, gizo-gizo, earthworm da sauran kwaro. A yanayi na iko ne sun fi mayar dogara a kan wuraren da a kan kakar. Hunt frogs tare da dogon m harshe, wanda kusan nan take fahimci ganima.

Su da kansu sau da yawa samu kansu a cikin rawar da azabtar. Macizai, storks, gulls, zakara, ferrets, badgers, Foxes da kuma wasu wakilan da dabba duniya ne kullum ganima kan frogs. Tritons sha su qwai, larvae na dragonflies kuma beetles - tadpoles. Gani a cin kĩfinsu daji rana.

haifuwa

Jawabin mafi rayukansu a ƙasar, jinsi wadannan frogs shakka a cikin ruwa. Wannan na faruwa a farkon spring, a lõkacin da ruwa da zazzabi yakan to 5⁰S, amma har yanzu ba gaba daya ya narkar da snow. A tsawon lokaci na haifuwa lokaci ne kananan. By May, bayan a kalla 25 days, shi ne, kamar yadda mai mulkin, an riga an kawo karshen.

Don spawn rana Rana so kududdufai, yafi na wucin gadi yanayi - peat aiki, puddles, ramuka. A kasa na grassy shallows zurfin 40 cm, da mace kayansa mãsu qwai, wanda zai iya zama daga 300 zuwa miliyan 3 qwai. A diamita da qwai ne game da 7 mm. Bayan haka, mace ya fita daga jiki na ruwa, ya kange karkashin ganye ko gansakuka. Namiji da ya rage tsare masonry, ihu suna garaje a kan gabatowa mutane.

Development of qwai yana daga 5 zuwa 21 kwana dangane da yanayin yanayi. A tsawon na hatched larvae bai wuce 8 mm. Su ci gaba da ci gaba 37-90 kwanaki. Tadpoles da duhu launi, da wutsiya karshen ishãra zuwa sau biyu da jiki tsawon. A cikin watan biyu na rayuwa sun dimbin yawa forelimbs, na huhu numfasawa, kuma akwai resorption na wutsiya. A watan Yuni ko Yuli akwai yearlings.

Very high mace-mace da zũriyarta daji rana. Kusan rabin na qwai da tadpoles aka kashe a dangane da bushewa da ruwa a jikinsu. A sphagnum bogs mafi yawansu ba su kashe acidification na ruwa. A sakamakon haka, kafin mataki na fingerlings tsira a mafi kyau, kawai 3% na qwai jinkiri.

Tsayawa a bauta

Abun Lura a kan ganye da daji rana aka tabbatar da da cewa da bambanci cikin su a cikin bauta kusan babu wani. Yana bukatar a kananan terrarium (30-40 lita), wanda aka dasa ciyayi da kuma shirya wani kandami. Yana dole ne manyan isa a size, amma m. Top ganga an rufe tare da raga don a hana gudun hijira mazaunan. A wani ƙarin dumama ko lighting ga terrarium daji rana ba ya bukatar.