Rasha addini falsafa

Rasha addini falsafa - musamman Layer na Orthodox tunani da kuma ruhaniya al'adun Rasha XIX - XX ƙarni, wanda aka halin free philosophizing a kan addini jigogi. A muhimmiyar rawa a cikin samuwar wannan halin yanzu ci gaba da ra'ayoyi taka leda V. S. Soloveva. Ya, bi da bi, ɓullo da ra'ayin sophiology da kuma kafa wani falsafa halin yanzu, a matsayin metaphysics na hadin kai. V. S. Solovev ce game da musamman taimako cewa Rasha ya kamata su yi domin ci gaba da wayewa.

PA Florensky kasance daya daga cikin mafi ban sha'awa gabascin, wanda sunansa ne aka nasaba da wani addini falsafa a kasar Rasha. A mutunta mutane da yawa, ya views sãɓã wa jũna daga ra'ayoyi na Soloviev. Ya ɓullo da kansa rukunan Sophia (wanda aka fahimci matsayin "manufa hali na duniya") a kan tushen da Orthodox tunani. Hadishi nemi hada kimiyya da kuma addini ideas, jaddada, ta haka ne, "da twin" na gaskiya.

Hikimar hadin ci gaba S. N. Bulgakov. Motsi daga Markisanci zuwa idealism, ya ci gaba da manufar "Kirista gurguzanci". Ya ci gaba wajen samar da rukunan Sophia matsayin "qa'ida ta m kuzari a Unity", banbamta ta allahntaka da kuma duniya yanayi, don haka wannan magana a kan biyuntakar cikin duniya. Tarihi ne rinjãyarsu mugunta, wanda ake dangantawa da yiwuwar wani duniya-tarihi bala'i.

Rasha ra'ayin a falsafar mafi fili bayyana a cikin babban asali falsafa ƙungiyoyi a Rasha - falsafar hadin kai. Ta ideas aka ɓullo da kuma L. P. Karsavin, wanda aikin da suka yi ya juya zuwa ga falsafar ainihi. Nada wani mutum ya yi imani da muradinta na son Allah da kuma tarayya da ikon allahntaka kaɗai, wanda yana nufin "litsetvorenie" (zama gaskiya ainihi).

Addini falsafa hada da al'adar Rasha cosmism. Wannan shi ne na musamman duniya, ãyõyin wanda suna dauke masana juyin fahimtar halittu (da muhimmiyar rawa da aka buga da m aiki na mutane, da kuma kimiyya), la'akari da mutumin da duniya (halittu) a kusa connection, da amincewa da bukatar hadin kan ( "catholicity") na dukan 'yan adam. Direction da biyu m rassan: addini da kuma falsafa (V. S. Solovev, N. F. Fedorov, N. A. Berdyaev) da kuma kimiyya (K. Tsiolkovsky, NA Zukatansu A. L. Chizhevsky, B . I. Vernadsky). A wuri na musamman a cosmism nasa ne da ra'ayin shawo kan mutum mace-mace ta hanyar soyayya.

Bright wakilin cosmism - NF Fedorov, wanda ci gaba a cikin rubuce-rubucen, asalin addini Utopia, a cikin abin da ya ce wa "bil'adama - wani kayan aiki na Allah a cikin ceto na duniya", located a tsakiyar hargitsi da ƙiyayya da cewa kai wa ga halaka. The aiki na bil'adama shi ne domin ya ceci duniya tare da taimakon da kimiyya halitta management.

By rassan halitta kimiyya ya shafi koyarwar K. E. Tsiolkovskogo. Ya daukarsa sarari a matsayin ruhaniya, kwayoyin halittar. Duniya da kuma mutum ne a aiwatar da ci gaban m, abin da hidima a matsayin wani kayan aiki na mutum m.

Fice masanin kimiyya VI Vernadsky - daya more wakilin wannan reshe na Rasha addini falsafa. Ya nazarin sabon abu na rayuwa a dangane da daban-daban planetary duniyoyin. V. I. Vernadsky ɓullo da ka'idar da biosphere (duk suna zaune tare), ya gabatar da ra'ayi na rai al'amari ( "vsyudnosti" rai). Ya kuma yi wata ƙarshe game da asalin na noosphere, wanda aka gane kamar yadda sarrafawa kan yanayin kimiyya.

A farkon karni na ashirin addini falsafa yana fuskantar wani akida nuna. Sai ya faru addini-falsafa Renaissance. Don bincika wani addini adireshin da yawa daga cikin manyan masana falsafa, akwai duka addini-falsafa al'umma.

A alama ce na wannan zamanin ya zama N. A. Berdyaev - daya daga cikin mafi shahararren wakilan da "Azurfa Age" lokaci. Ya aka sani a matsayin wani existentialist da addini personalist. A tsakiyar koyarwarsa ne mutum wanda ya daukarsa a godlike kasancewarsa. Babban jigogi na falsafa ya yanci (ƙasa na kasancewa), aiki (tamkar na kammala) da kuma ainihi (da muhimman hakkokin manufa dukkan). Subjectivism da individualism mutumin cin nasara da ta soyayya a cikin allahntaka.