Rembrandt - zane-zane. Rembrandt zane-zane da sunayen sarauta. fenta Rembrandt

Rembrandt Van Reyn, wanda zane-zane da za a iya gani a da yawa gidajen tarihi a duniya, a yau, sananne ne ga kowane mutum a duniya. Tsoro da farin ciki, da mamaki da takaici a cikin ayyukansu nuna haka ta halitta, cewa ba shi yiwuwa ba su yi ĩmãni. Wildly rare, da kuma ban tausayi rabo daga cikin bakin ciki karkatar rayuwa ne har yanzu a dalilin gulma da tunani ba.

matasa

Fenta Rembrandt aka haife shi a wani iyali na toye a 1606 a cikin Yaren mutanen Holland birnin Leiden, aka located a kan bankunan na Rhine. Sosai a farkon a kan ya ji da kansa a cikin m iyawa. Bayan karatun 'yan shekaru a gida, saurayin ya tafi Amsterdam zuwa karatu tare da shahararrun fenta Lastman. Ilimi dade ba, kuma a shekaru 19, Rembrandt ke mayar da su Leiden. A wannan lokaci ya fentin hotuna na 'yan uwa, da kuma ma yana biya da yawa da hankali ga kai-hotuna. Don wannan rana akwai yawa ayyukan marubucin, inda ya kwatanta kansa a cikin wani daban-daban hanya.

fitarwa

Da zarar an haifar da artist na'am da wani tsari daga mai girma guild na likitoci. Saboda haka da aikin "The tiyata Darasi" ta bayyana. Rembrandt zanen kawo fitarwa. Ya nan da nan ya karbi fiye da hamsin umarni ga hotuna na manyanmu kuma manya Amsterdam. Tare da girma shahararsa da kuma ci gaba na master. Ya fara tattara kayayyakin gargajiya da kuma na da kayayyaki. Ya samun posh gidan, wanda aka cika da dadi tsoho furniture da kuma kayan zane.

Saskia

A shekaru 28 na Rembrandt, wanda zane-zane da aka ƙara zama rare, jima'i da wani arziki yarinya Saskia. Ya aure for soyayya, kuma ba kawai kiyaye su, amma kuma ƙara da babban birnin kasar da ya ƙaunataccen. Rembrandt azzaluman matarsa, sau da yawa da suke nuna daban-daban images a cikin ayyukansu. Daya daga cikin shahararrun zane-zane na artist ta "Kai Vertical da Saskia" Rembrandt nuna farin ciki tare da ya matasa matarsa. A lokaci guda, da artist na'am da wani tsari don jerin ayyukan ƙwarai daga cikin Littafi Mai Tsarki labarin. Saboda haka akwai Rembrandt zanen da "The hadaya Ibrahim" sunayen da "idin Belshazzar." Har ila yau, wannan zamani ne da daya daga cikin shahararrun ayyukan master "Danae". A zanen da artist corresponded sau da yawa, kuma yana da dama zažužžukan hakkin mallaka.

downhill na rayuwa

M lokaci da artist dade ba. Ba kowa ba na son wannan style of Rembrandt portraying mutumin kamar yadda ya ke. Bayan da zanen "Night Watch" fashe a cikin wani m abin kunya. A kan zane akwai mara izini mutane. Zai yiwu dalilin shi ne cewa a tsakiyar ƙaunataccen Saskia mutu daga tarin fuka. A cikin hoton, tare da Figures na maharba bayyane silhouette wata yarinya, don haka reminiscent na matar da ubangijinsa. marubucin shahararsa fara fada. New umarni da wuya ya bayyana. Bayan rasa su gida da kuma duk suka mallaka, Rembrandt zane-zane wanda dauka a kan wani sabon, falsafar ji, ya fara nuna talakawa mutane da kuma 'yan uwa. Ya rubuta image danta, da kuma mutanen da suka kewaye shi a cikin shekaru baya. A wannan lokaci, haife Rembrandt zanen kira "Vertical na wani Old Man a Red", "Vertical na dan Titus karatu" da kuma sauran ayyuka. A karshen rayuwar mai master na alkalami, akwai wani fitacciyar - "The Return na ɓataccen ɗa." Wannan zanen na mabiya da master kansa madawwamin wanderer, wanda aka tilasta ta yawo da hanyoyi wuya juya hali ɗaukaka. A shekarar 1969, dansa jana'izar tare da amarya, Rembrandt kansa mutu, har abada bar aikinsa m alama a duniya. Yau, da artist ta zane-zane da daukar girman kai daga wuri a cikin wani manyan gidan kayan gargajiya a duniya.

A mafi shahara zane na Rembrandt. "Tiyata Darasi" (1632)

Wannan hoto ne na farko da manyan umarni samu bayan Rembrandt koma Amsterdam. A kan zane shãfe haske autopsy gudanar da Dr. Nicolaes Tulp. A likita riqe da jijiya da forceps hannunka nuna wa almajiransa yadda za a tanƙwara yatsunsu. Irin wannan kungiyar hotuna a lokaci kasance sosai mashahuri a cikin guild likita. Duk da haka, kamar yadda mai mulkin, mambobi ne na kungiyar shirya kai gare su ba, a zaune a jere. Rembrandt, wanda zane-zane ne naturalness da labarun almara Zagayawar a kusa da da'irar dalibai, a hankali saurari maganar na Dr. Nicolaes Tulp. Kodadde fuska da jiki da kanta haske mai haske spots tsaya fitar da wani duhu baya da kuma duhu hoto. A aikin da ya kawo na farko Rembrandt ta shahararsa, bayan da umarni fadi zuwa ga mawallafin a wani m kudi.

"Kai Vertical da Saskia" (1635)

A duk rayuwarsa Rembrandt fentin wani m adadin kai-hotuna. Wannan zanen yana daya daga cikin shahararrun. Ga nuna jubilation artist farin ciki mallaka fi so. A wani tunanin jihar na artist aka nuna a cikin bude wurin haruffa a cikin haske fuskar Rembrandt, kamar yadda idan choking tare da farin ciki da kuma ci gaba. Duk da haka, a cikin hoto na ƙarya da kuma boye tsokanar: ga artist siffanta kansa a cikin surar cewa "barna dan", biki tare da talakawa courtesan. Nawa daban-daban ne "na ɓataccen ɗa" a cikin wannan kai-hoto da cewa sun san masu sauraro ga film na wannan sunan.

"Danae" (1636)

Mafi shahara daga Rembrandt zane-zane. Yana da aka rubuta dangane da labari na Perseus, Danae mahaifiyarsa. A cewar labari, da yarinya ta uba koya cewa dansa zai mutu da kansa ya, kuma kurkuku ta a kurkuku ba. Zeus shiga zuwa fursuna a wani ruwan sama na zinariya, sa'ilin Perseus aka haife. A zanen ya janyo hankalin wani sabon abu launi, halayyar da artist ta aiki. A cibiyar ne a tsirara mace ta jiki ne hasken haske hasken rana. A wannan hanya Rembrandt, wanda zane-zane da yawa labarun mutane kusa da shi, ya kama da hoton da ya ƙaunataccen matarsa Saskia. Hoton na da mala'ikan da aka sanya bayan matarsa ta mutuwa. Da alama cewa ya aka yaushe kuka a kan rabo daga marigayin. Rembrandt dogon ya rewrote ya fi so yaron, canza yanayi na hoto, a cikin abin da suka ji. A hade da shimmering sautunan da zinariya highlights dũkan a sophistication da ƙawa.

Abin mamaki da kuma ban mamaki rabo daga cikin zanen, kazalika da rai labarin da artist. Fitacciyar bayan mutuwarsa da aka yi nasara da yawa masu. Wadannan da saye da ayyuka da Catherine II na "Danae" riƙi wurin daraja a cikin "hermitage" sanannen tarin. A shekarar 1985, a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya akwai wani m aukuwa wanda kusan hana duniya da dama don tafakkuri halittar Rembrandt. Daya mahaukaci zo zuwa hoto kuma jefa acid a kan ta. Paint nan da nan ya fara kumfa. Amma wani attacker, da kuma cewa shi bai isa ba: dole ne ya yi kamar wata cuts a kan zane da wuka har sai an tsaya. Damage shafa game da 30% na fitacciyar. Maniac tabbatar da wani Bronjus Maygis daga baya ya ciyar 6 shekaru a wani tabin hankali asibitin. Maido da zanen dade shekaru 12. Ta yanzu a kan nuni a "hermitage" da sulke gilashi, abin da na tsare da fitacciyar daga Vandals. Abin sha'awa, kuma wani al'amari. A aikin fasaha da kuma ta haifuwa sukan yin fim a cikin fina-finan. Alal misali, "Danae" ya bayyana a cikin jerin "gangster Petersburg" kamar yadda wani Rembrandt "Aegina".

"Night Watch" (1642)

A zanen da aka samu izini da Rembrandt Chief dakaru Division. A kan zane dake nuna wani kamfanin na mayakan sa kai, wanda aka aiko zuwa ga yaƙin neman zaɓe. A Musketeers, karfafa ta drumming, Zagayawar tare da sojoji na daban-daban na zamantakewa matsayi da shekaru, a shirye domin yaƙi. Suka raba wani namiji kuma m turu. Aiki bambanta kula a mãkirci duk hotunan da kuma cikakken bayani. Rembrandt ta "Night Watch" ne masu sauraro, idan akai la'akari ta da cikakken hankali da gaskiyar abin da ke faruwa. Marubucin kokarin nuna ba kawai waje fasali na haruffa, amma kuma ya bayyana ciki duniya na kowane soja. A apotheosis na hoto tsaye da nasara baka - alama ce da nasarorin da harbinger na wani sabon daraja nasara. Tare da m launuka (zinariya, baki da kuma rawaya), da kallo yana buɗewa da makamashi, wasan kwaikwayo da kuma festive yanayi na soja. A yanayi da makomar kowane hali karanta ta hanyar goga na wani sanannen artist.

Akwai da yawa versions game da 'yan mata wanda aka nuna kusan a tsakiyar wannan hoton. Ya bambanta daga dukkan haske launuka da kuma mala'iku bayyanar. Wata kila wannan shi ne irin na tsatsuba ne masu dauke da makamai. A cewar wani version da yarinya - siffar ƙaunataccen matar marubucin, tafi zuwa wani duniya a tsakiyar zanen. Kamar yadda ka sani, da aikin ba da kira ga abokan ciniki. Bayan sun sayi hoto, da suka savagely yanke zane, kuma sun rataye shi a cikin zauren ga liyafa.

"The Return na ɓataccen ɗa" (1666-1669 gg.)

Rembrandt ta "The Return na ɓataccen ɗa" shi ne daya daga cikin mafi daukan hankali kololuwa na kerawa shahara artist. Yana da aka rubuta a karshe shekaru na rayuwa master. Wannan shi ne lokacin da ya kuwa ya tsufa ƙwarai, kuma rauni, da matalauta, da yunwa. Taken na ɓataccen ɗa akai-akai a baya ya faru a cikin artist. Wannan aiki ne da ƙarshe, Summing up shekaru masu yawa na m wanderings daga cikin shahararrun marubucin. A zanen exudes duk zafi da kuma zurfin Rembrandt ta palette. Shimmering launuka da wani m play haske da launi jaddada hotunan na leoyan. A cikin sunan wani daraja tsohon mutum da barna, ɗan bayyana a dukan kewayon daban-daban motsin zuciyarmu: nadama da kuma soyayya, rahama da dacin mubaya'a m. Kamar yadda masu sukar, to "dawo" to saki gagarumin cikakken m gwaninta daga cikin zane-zane. Ya sa a da ya halitta dukkan su tara m kwarewa, duk da so, duk na yi wahayi zuwa.

ƙarshe

Yana da wuya ko da tunanin abin da Rembrandt fentin wani hoto, wani bayanin da aka gabatar a wannan labarin. Ta yaya shekaru masu yawa sun shũɗe daga ranar ga halittarsu ba, kamar yadda toka daga tallow kyandirori rufe su, karnuka uku na tarihi! Za mu iya kawai tunanin abin da suka kama a cikin kwanaki na haihuwa. A halin yanzu, a wannan rana, miliyoyin magoya daga cikin shahararrun fenta na gwaninta a cikin daban-daban gidajen tarihi a duniya zo a ga ya Masterpieces.