Reserve Orenburg: shuke-shuke da dabbobi, tarihi da kuma archaeological shafukan

Orenburg yankin dake kan iyakar yankunan daban-daban zoogeographical yankuna da Gwargwadon yankunan. Mutane da yawa dalilai suka kai ga asali da kuma bambancinsa da gida fauna.

Reserves, a karkashin kariya ta jihar, ne ilimi (a cikin qasa), bincike, kimiyya, muhalli da hukumomin. Manufar da ayyukan ne don adana da kuma nazarin da na halitta motsi na halitta matakai ko mamaki. Har ila yau, a cikin yankuna na wadannan zones ne a bayansa da dabba kayyade asusu na Flora da fauna, batun da adana mutum al'ummomi da kuma jinsunan Flora da fauna, musamman ko hankula muhalli tsarin. Reserve "Orenburg" - shi ne ba togiya.

janar description

Environmental zone aka kafa ta hudu rabo, jimlar yanki daga abin da yake daidai 21.7 dubu. Ha.

Orenburg Reserve ya ƙunshi:

• "Talovskie steppe" - 3200 kadada.
• "Burtinskaya steppe" - 4500 kadada.
• "Aytuarskuyu steppe" - 6753 kadada.
• "Aschisayskuyu steppe" - 7200 kadada.

All zones ana shirya kamar a wannan latitud. Longitude su rabu da juna ta 240, 380 da kuma 75 km. Wannan yankin fragmentation yarda don cikar gabatar da asali iri wuri mai faɗi samu a matakan da Orenburg yankin.

Tarihi na halitta

A farko da tsare-tsaren kungiyar na kare yankin da aka ɓullo da baya a twenties karni na karshe. Amma a shekarar 1975 suka fara da za a aiwatar. A impetus yi aiki a matsayin mai binciken na daya daga cikin expeditions, a sakamakon wanda aka gano bigiren steppe a ƙasar Orenburg yankin. A karshe, ajiye da aka kafa a shekarar 1989.

climatic zone

A cikin ƙasa yake mulki bushe nahiyar sauyin yanayi. The talakawan zafin jiki na 2.5 ° C. The sanyi-free lokaci na ajiye ne 130 kwanaki. A talakawan shekara-shekara ruwan sama ne 390mm.

Aytuarskaya steppe

A ƙasa bautar wani yanki na 6753 kadada, shi ne located a kan hagu gāɓar kogi. Ural Mountains, a kan iyakar kasar mu da Kazakhstan. Up to 60-ies karni na karshe a cikin sararin matakan wannan kasance biyu suna fadin Kazakh aul. Steppe da makiyaya yankuna amfani da hayfields, amma duk da tattalin arziki ayyukan ake dakatar yau. A togiya ne kawai doki gona, musamman tsara don samar da high quality Aytuarke for koumiss.

Orenburg ajiye a cikin wannan yanki yana dauke da mafi duwatsu sashe. Yana da wani ɓangare na Ural folded hannunka. A fauna da aka wakilta 38 jinsunan dabbobi. A fannin kowa talakawa hamsters, loafers, sauki slepushonki, Birch mice, pikas. Yara ne steppe ferrets, Foxes. The Bishiyoyi da woody thickets sanaki barewa, daji boar, Elk.

Yadu 106 jinsunan tsuntsaye, an lura da cewa, 41 daga su gida. Shin m Falconiformes, ciki har da karami kestrel, saker shaho, na sarki mikiya, ungulu, Pallid Harrier, Eagle. A wannan sashi na ajiye ana samun kadan bustards, partridges, tattabaru dõminku. Kwari suna gabatar da wani iri-iri iri da aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi daga Rasha.

Tarihi da kuma archaeological site abubuwa

A cikin ajiye akwai hudu guda da kuma biyu binne tudun ƙasa. Kusa da shafin iyakoki domin a total na 16 barrows zubar.

Aschisayskaya steppe

Wannan yanki ne located a kan wani yanki na 7200 kadada, abin da suke a Svetlinskoye yankin. A baya can steppe ya da iyaka makiyaya dabbõbi kaya, wasu wuraren amfani da hay.

The taimako yanki ne lebur, lebur, dan kadan gangaren. Beautiful bambanci Aschisayskoy steppe ba relict cliffs, ridges, ridges, ba batun aiki kõguna da tabkuna.

Hydrographic steppe hollows ne 'yan da tabkuna, wanda ya dogara a kan cika girma na thawed vernal ruwa. Mafi yawan su suna da wani taso siffar. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin mafi kyau wurare, wanda alfahari wani yanayi ajiye "Orenburg".

Wannan ne kare a wannan yanki?

A kan ƙasa da aka yada a kan 20 jinsunan dabbobi masu shayarwa, 53 jinsunan nesting tsuntsaye. Daga cikin wakilan fauna (namun daji), mafi halayyar jinsin su ne kananan kurege, Badger, steppe polecat, marmot, fox. Daga cikin tsuntsaye yanke shawarar ware belladonna, steppe mikiya, Lark. Steppe tabkuna gida Ogar, heron, bittern.

Monuments na tarihi da kuma archaeological darajar

A cikin ƙasa na ajiye akwai wani tudun, wadda bisa ga bincike, nasa ne da iyalan marigayi na da makiyaya. Tsayinsa ne 1 m, diamita - 20 m.

Burtinskaya steppe

The site aka located in Preduralsky Orenbuzhya yanki mamaye wani yanki na 4,500 Ha. Steppe a lokacin Soviet zamanin jera sarrafa matsayin hay. A yankin da ya kunshi Saline da makiyaya takardunsu, karst tabkuna Koskol.

A steppe aka located a gabashin Urals foredeep haka gabatar m da steeply gangaren ƙasa. Modern wuri mai faɗi da ya fara samuwar a cikin Pliocene zuwa wuri na filayen. Babban nau'i na ruwa raba da Filato ya Mueldy.

The rinjaye kankara ake wakilta nahiyar ja polymictic conglomerates. Gona-kafa kankara ne bambance bambancen. A kan m, kuma m gangara ne ba eluvial adibas na nauyi irin zane.

A cikin site saukar goma irin gona. Dalili na kasar gona sa kudancin baki gona na asali. A humus sararin sama ya kai game da 38 cm, cikinsa da abun ciki na humus zo zuwa 8%.

A hydrographic cibiyar sadarwa yana sosai ci gaba da halin da akai akai. An wakilta babba kai na kananan koguna, da kafofin, wucin gadi ruwa. A kariya zone, akwai biyu tabkuna Koskol da karst asalin. The ruwa ne slabomineralizirovannaya.

Orenburg Reserve, inda akwai wani spring Kaynar (a Burtinskaya steppe), shi ne mai ban mamaki karkara. The sosai tushen kara zuwa babban jan hankali. Its yankin na ruwa surface na 15 m². Shi ne mai iko, mai banrazana spring voklyuznogo irin bai daskare ko da a cikin hunturu.

Burtinskaya steppe aka dauke a nasa tarihin Preduralsky steeply gangaren, m shimfidar. A yankin gabatar kwarin-katako, mezhsyrtovo-kwari, syrt-upland ƙasa iri.

A Flora na steppe gano wani yawan kayayyakin tarihi da kuma gornostepnyh edemikov, kamar Ural albasa, astragalus Guelma, scratchy gornokolosnik da sauransu.

Jihar Halitta Reserve "Orenburg" a Burtinskaya steppe rike da yawa wakilan Flora da fauna. A musamman iri-iri da kuma dukiyar daban-daban fauna. An samu a ƙasa game da 120 jinsunan tsuntsaye, ciki har da 51 jinsin nesting riko. A mafi hankula wakilan suna dauke kadan bustard, steppe mikiya, demoiselle crane, kestrel, belladonna, ja jin dãɗi shaho, harrier, black takaddamarsu.

Daga cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa samu 24 jinsunan: squirrels, marmots, loafers, hamsters, voles, pikas. Na dabbobi masu rarrafe za a iya lura steppe viper da kuma fadama kunkuru.

Tarihi da kuma archaeological site abubuwa

A ƙasa binne tudun, wanda nasa ne da Sarmatian al'ada VII-III ƙarni. d. n. e. Dutsen yana nan a kan wani tudu kusa da Mueldy duba lamba "420,9 m." An kafa ta mounds 13, biyu daga waxanda suke da musamman manyan da kuma isa wani tsawo na 2.5 m diamita da 40 m Sauran mounds ne kusan m :. Height na 0.8 m da diamita na 10 zuwa 20 m.

Talovskaya steppe

The site is located a kan Farko gundumar na yankin, da kuma maida hankali da wani yanki na 3200 kadada. Up har 1988 a can aka gudanar a matsakaici dabbõbin dawakai, da na tumaki, da shanu. Har ila yau, akwai wata bazara parking tumaki dabbõbin kusa da wajen lalacewar ciyayi da kuma ƙasa da aka samu.

Relief daban-daban a fili bayyanar, wanda aka kafa da yafi a Mesozoic. Modern irin yanki samu a lokacin Quaternary lokaci a ƙarƙashin rinjayar denudation matakai da ya sa aka Yunƙurin na ƙasa.

Ulla kankara buga hankula manyan Saline teku clays. The kare yankin da aka located a miƙa mulki daga chernozem zuwa duhu chestnut kasa. A kan m gangara kuma watersheds iya samar da matsakaici-calcareous kasa.

Orenburg yanayi ajiye a daban-daban steppe Talovskaya weakly ɓullo da hydrography. River networks ake wakilta na musamman wucin gadi magudanai. Shi ne da headwaters na koguna da Malaya Talovaya Sadomna, a cikin ƙasa, ba su yi akai akai. Har ila yau akwai wani manifestations na ruwan karkashin kasa.

Talovskaya steppe ne a nasa tarihin Zavolzhskaya-Ural matakan. Jiki tsarin yanki kafa syrt-plakor, undulating interfluvial da kwarin-type girder.

Tarihi da kuma archaeological Monuments rabo

A cikin ƙasa akwai wani binne tudun, da zato na Sarmatian al'adu. Yana za a iya samu a arewa maso yammacin iyakar da shafin a matakin 198,9 m. Wannan shi ne na musamman archaeological darajar, wanda ya hada da ajiye "Orenburg".

Darektan kare yankin

Order na Ministan albarkatun kasa da kuma Lafiyar Qasa na kasar Agusta 19, 2013 da darektan da ajiye an kaddamarda Rafil Talgatovna Bakirov. Wannan ne mai babbar gwani, PhD, gudanarwa na MDD Steppe aikin a yankin matakin, Mataimakiyar farfesan, shugaban na shari'a sashen na gida aikin gona University, wanda collaborates Reserve "Orenburg". Bakirov bambanta m sha'awa a nasarar da ayyuka. Ne muhimmi kwarewa da kuma inexhaustible makamashi. Dalili kenan da kare yankin za su kawai yabanya.

Orenburg Jihar Reserve ne a mai kyau hannayensu. Babu shakka da kwarewa da kuma ƙaddamar da sabon darektan. Tare da aikin da ake gudanar a ajiye za a iya samu a kafofin watsa labarai. Su alama da na halitta matakai abin da ke faruwa a cikin steppe, muhalli da events, gasa, bugu da kuma talla. Saboda wannan yanayi ajiye janyo hankalin masu yawa yawon bude ido.

yawon shakatawa shirye-shirye

A lokacin da ka ziyarci musamman yanayin abubuwa mutane ba kawai samun matsahi na saba da musamman muhalli da yanayi na kare yankunan. A lokacin tafiya, baƙi za su iya yi da fragility na dangantaka, sauƙi destructible ƙarƙashin rinjayar mutum.

A ranar, da ajiye iya tafi, ta hanyar hudu ilimi da kuma m yawon shakatawa hanyoyi. Wannan "maras lokaci World" Trans-Urals, Trans-Volga yankin, kudancin Urals, Urals.

dabbobi

Reserve "Orenburg" yana da wani fauna wanda aka dauke hali na gida yankin. An wakilta da wadannan iri steppe dabbobi:

• Lun.
• Kestrel.
• Belladonna.
• Bustard.
• Lemming.
• Slepushonki da sauransu.

Orenburg Reserve, dabbobi da kuma shuke-shuke da suke karkashin musamman kariya, kuma ya ƙunshi nau'ukan jinsuna halayyar deciduous gandun daji zone. Wannan linzamin kwamfuta Turai bushiya, badgers, Lynx, kestrel, stock-kurciya, takaddamarsu, Scops Mujiya, itace tattabara. Har ila yau, a wani kiyayewa yankin sanaki wakilan da Semi-hamada, musamman, dogon-eared bushiya, karamin tsuntsu. Wani lokaci akwai wani mai haske wakilin tundra jinsunan - ake yin dusar ƙanƙara mujiya.

Modern namun daji ƙasa ne bambancin da kuma gwada da arziki. A nan an gabatar dabbobi masu shayarwa - game da 48 jinsin, tsuntsaye - 190 jinsunan halittu masu rarrafe - 7-daban na halittar dabba mai kafafuwa - 5 jinsunan kifaye - 6 jinsunan, 1,000 jinsunan kwari. Orenburg Reserve, wanda photo da aka nuna a kasa, kula da dukan yanayin kasa.

Ga dabbobi masu shayarwa sun hada da bakwai iri carnivorous, 23 - hakori 3 - jemagu 9 - predatory 4 - artiodactyla, 2 - lagomorphs. Game da 15 jinsunan wadannan dabbobi ne na kowa a cikin duk yankuna na kare zone. Daga gare su, marmots, ƙasa squirrels, voles, beraye, lemming, Birch mice, jerboa, fox, kerkẽci, zomo, Badger, polecat, weasel, Korsak.

Flora

Reserve "Orenburg" ya ƙunshi fiye da 600 jinsunan na zuwa da shuka duniya. Wannan adadi ne game da 40% na jimlar yawan jinsunan Flora girma a duk faɗin filin. Daga cikin su da muhimmiyar gudummawa lokutta da cewa an miyagun. A Red Littafi na kasar classified 23 jinsunan shuke-shuke. Mutane da yawa jinsunan Flora cewa rayuwa a cikin wani kiyayewa yankin, koma zuwa dutsen-steppe Petrophytes misali kopeechnik serebrolistny, cloves Ural, astragalus Guelma, Silene Bashkir.

Reserve "Orenburg" yana da wani muhimmanci na musamman a gare mu ƙasar. A da karkararta sun iya adana musamman muhalli tsarin na steppe zone upland shimfidar. Yana da wani duniya a wanda bãbu tashin hankali da danniya, da mulkin yanayi da kuma jituwa, wanda shi ne da muhimmanci a kiyaye.