Romashkinskoye filin: description, tarihi, halaye da kuma siffofin

Romashkinskoye mai filin na daya daga goma supergiant a duniya rarrabuwa. A tasowa da hanyoyin samar da man fetur , Rasha masana kimiyya sun sanya wani yawan binciken Mun halitta na musamman da fasahar amfani a duniya da hakar ma'adinai da kuma ma'adinai bincike. A filin da aka sarrafa ta fiye da shekaru sittin, amma ta m ne har yanzu babbar kuma ba da cikakken sani.

Opening na Tatar mai

A twenties karni na karshe tare da jerawa na farko Soviet gwamnati ta fara da Tatar hakar mai. A farko balaguro da suka tafi a kan wata manufa don nemo da filin, ba su kasance m, amma a 1930 an m zuwa binciken ya zama mafi mayar da hankali da kuma motsa. Wani sabon yunƙuri da aka alaka da ayyukan soji da kuma barazana daga kãmun ta Jamus ta Arewa adibas.

The search ya yi tsawo, na farko irin abubuwan da mai bincike ya fara ne kawai a 1941. Bayan shekaru uku, a Shugurovo yanki na kauye, tare da hakowa daga wata rijiya gudanar don samun kwarara daga mai masana'antu sikelin - 15 ton a kowace rana. A filin samu da sunan daga kauye kusa da rijiyar ci gaba. Shugurovskoe filin, ya masomin a cikin tarihi na Tatar man fetur da kuma dafa wani babban mamaki ga discoverers.

Giant kusa Romashkino

Romashkinskoye mai filin da aka gano a shekarar 1946. Ina da giant wanda ya sanya Tatarstan daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci masana'antu yankuna? Ashirin kilomita daga Shugurovskogo oilfield, kusa da kauyen Romashkino (yanzu a nan shi ne gari na Leninogorsk). The m dalilai da aka aza kyau, wanda bayan shekara biyu na hakowa samar da sakamakon da ya wuce duk tsammanin. A lokacin binciken aikin ya iya wuce da Devonian samuwar, da kuma a kan Yuli 25 daga borehole zira zare kudi marmaro na man fetur fiye da 120 ton na samar da rana.

Bude Romashkinskoye filin kawo oilmen Stalin Prize. M karatu sun nuna yiwuwar man adibas cewa Shugurovskoe filin shi ne wani ɓangare Romashkinskoye da na halitta mangaza tsari ne multilayer. Don man a kan wani ciniki sikelin fara a cikin 50s.

Kamar yadda ya juya daga baya, geologists sun gano daya daga cikin mafi m adibas. Harufan kimomi da adibas kiyasta a 710 ton miliyan na man fetur, a halin yanzu samarwa ya kai tan biliyan uku. Masana sun lura da wani pulsating yanayin rijiyoyin, wanda aka lokaci-lokaci wofintar da kuma cika sake, to bayyana wannan sabon abu ya zuwa yanzu babu wanda zai iya.

halaye na

Bayan dauke da fitar da wani babban-sikelin binciken na yuwuwar mai-hali strata, masana kimiyya kusa da fahimtar yadda ya samo asali da kuma abin da yuwuwar rike wani Romashkinskoye filin. Description tectonic Manuniya da dangantaka da shi zuwa Soksko-Sheshminskomu shaft. Sashen hakkin girma na mai daidaita biyar ya kai tan biliyan, da kuma wani m yawan ajiye hannun jari da kuma fitar da albarkatun kasa ne uku ya kai tan biliyan. A zurfin at wanda ya yi zamani zane, ba fiye da 1.8 kilomita. Girma ne m, kuma suna m cikin 65 x 75 km. A lokacin da na fara rana girma na kowane kyau ne game da ɗari biyu da ton.

Romashkinskoye mai filin yau ya hada da kusan ɗari biyu gano man fetur adibas. The yawa na man da yake 0.8 g / cm³ - 0,82 g / cm³, a cikinsa gaban sulfur da kuma da aka gyara ne game da 2%. A ci gaba da filin da aka gabatar da kuma hanyoyin vnutrikonturnogo kewaye ambaliya yanzu amfani a duniya yi na mai aikin hakar. A cibiyar samar da man fetur na filin shi ne birnin Almetyevsk.

Features

Romashkinskoye multilayer mai filin karkashin cin tsokani wani babban yawan sababbin abubuwa, binciken da fasaha cimma gaci. A cikin mafi girma Rasha mai filin kududdufai, sliced, shirya kusan horizontally, raba wannan "kek" low permeability lãka kankara. Stratification ne sababbu, kuma yana da babban ajiya na mai shale kuma low ruwa permeability.

Kamfanin "Tatneft" yanzu tozarta. Romashkinskoye filin. Development of sosai rikitarwa ciki lalata da bututun, wadda take kaiwa zuwa babban hasarori na karfe, kanti bututun na farkon aiki. Wannan yanayin na gida hydrocarbons bukatar ci gaba da kula da kayan aiki, m gyare-gyare mai taro tsarin da take kaiwa zuwa tsanani gurbatawa. Alal misali, bincike na Manuniya na gazawar da man taro tsarin kamfanonin NGDU Irkenneft for 1999 ya nuna cewa 27% na dukkan kasawa dangantawa da ciki lalata.

Romashkinskoye mai filin yana da wani alama: kwane-kwane waterflooding aka yi ba kawai da ruwa amma da musamman bukatun. Don cika da shawarar yin amfani da ruwa a cikin abun da ke ciki wanda ya ƙunshi man fetur da kuma 20 MG / l, da baƙin ƙarfe, da 2 MG / l kuma dakatar da daskararru na game da 16 MG / l, da kuma girman da karshen dole ba fi girman game 10 microns.

yanzu jiha

A ranar, da Jamhuriyar Tatarstan aka gano fiye da dari adibas na hydrocarbons, Romashkinskoye mai filin ne har yanzu mafi girma. A lokacin dukan lokaci a Tatarstan man da aka pumped kan biliyan 3 ton, da gwargwado Romashkinskoye hakar rafi ne kullum fiye da 70%. Daga cikin zurfin filin zaba a kan 2.2 biliyan ton, wanda ke nufin samar da reserves 85%.

Bisa ga sanannen imani a nan gaba, wato a 2065, rajista a kan ma'auni na hannun jari Romashkinskoye giant zã a cika mined. A halin yanzu mataki shi ne ya shirya kara bincike na albarkatun ma'adinai, gabatarwar sabon fasahar da cewa za su mika samar to 2200. A cewar 'yan bincike da masana kimiyya a fagen man fetur ne kullum ciyar daga zurfin, amma saboda samarwa lokacin da aka mika.

hangen zaman

Nature, kamar Genie daga hikaya - daya hannun halitta, da sauran halaka. Yana auku ba kawai kayan shafa man yadudduka, amma ga halaka su da cewa kai ga samuwar nauyi man fetur da kuma bitumen. Light man Paleozoic tashi sama da aka oxidized, sakamakon a sāke "hula" cewa retains ƙananan yadudduka na man fetur. Masana kimiyya yi imani da cewa irin wannan halin da ake ciki a mafi filayen man fetur na Tatarstan, ba ban da Romashkinskoye filin. Yaushe za a giant? A wannan batu a m martani iya zama na gaba a 2026, amma shan la'akari da latest bincike - a cikin 'yan ƙarni.

ci gaban kamfanin

"Tatneft" kamfanin domin da yawa shekarun da suka gabata, shi ne kadai developer Romashkinskoye filin. Game da 60% na jimlar samar da baki zinariya a kamfanin ta asusun for Romashkinskoye NM, da sauran samar faruwa a Novo-Elkhovskoye, Bondyuzhanskom, Sabanchinskoye, Bavly, Pervomaisky filayen.

Kamfanin biya mai girma da hankali ga ci gaba da kuma bullo da sababbin dabaru, a karafa da kuma mai bincike, m fasahar an gwada, kyautata tsarin da inji. A 2006, wani lasisi wajen samar da filin domin Romashkinskoye PJSC "Tatneft" an mika har 2038.

muhalli factor

Ance man fetur daga Romashkinskoye filin a matsayin wani tasirinsa a girgizar kasa halin da ake ciki a yankin. A mafi m ci gaba, da hakan hadarin da girgizar asa. A cewar lura a wasu shekaru, akwai wani saba'in-shekara na girgizar kasa events in ci gaban yankin. Har ila yau a cikin yanayi ne adversely aiwatar watsi da bi da aikin wani mai masana'antu hadaddun. Cutarwa da kuma guba abubuwa a cikin iska, gona, ƙazantar da ruwa.

Company PJSC "Tatneft" da ke sa kowane kokarin kiyaye da lafiyar qasa da bunkasa Romashkinskoye filin. Tarihi ya san da yawa bala'i ya canja ma'auni na yanayi, da kuma saboda Rasha kasuwanci neman rage girman sakamakon.

Taƙaitaccen bayani game da kamfanin

A 1950, da Tarayyar Soviet majalisar ministocin kasar da ya halitta Production da kuma Technical Association "Tatneft". A sabon matsayi na bude hadin gwiwa stock kamfanin, kamfanin samu a shekarar 1994.

Hannun jeri kimanin 45.746 kasuwanci da kuma daidaikun mutane. The most of su:

• JSC "National warware ajẽwa" (fiye da 47% na hannun jari).
• JSC "Tsakiya ajẽwa na Jamhuriyar Tatarstan" (game da 33,6% na hannun jari).
• OAO Lukoil Neseas Holding ltd ACM, mai na biyu na kamfanin "Lukoil" (game da 7.3% na hannun jari).
• AO Feisen Bank International (a kusa da 6% na hannun jari).

Shugaba - Maganov Nail Ulfatovich, Shugaban Board of Directors - Minnihanov Rustam Nurgilievich.