Rootstock - ne kafuwar itace

Rootstock - irin mai ban sha'awa kalmar da aka sani, watakila, kawai ga masoya na aikin lambu? Kuma akwai mutanen da suke girma a kan sunã yin mãkirci apples kuma pears, iya yarda da Rasha halitta da kuma makiyayin IV Michurin, ya ce da stock - ne kafuwar itace, wanda kayyade ta varietal halaye: siffar, size da kuma iyawa. Bari mu fahimci yadda shi dai.

Rootstock for apple itatuwa: asirin girma mafi kyau iri

Fruit itatuwa za a iya girma daga zuriya. Amma sabon shuke-shuke zai bambanta a yawan amfanin ƙasa yi, hardiness, fruiting, da dai sauransu Ko da suka kasance sunã girma daga tsaba na wani apple. Saboda haka, baicin aka bai wa vegetative haifuwa, watau, grafting cuttings ko buds na so shuka iri a kan zabi seedlings.

Stock - wannan shi ne daidai da seedling, wanda dorewar cuttings da kuma harbe (da Scion). Yana ma'anar dukan rayuwar nan gaba itatuwa, ta karko da kuma inganci na 'ya'yan itace. Saboda haka, dole ne stock a saba da na gida yanayin damina, jure kwari da cututtuka. Amma wannan har yanzu bukatar qarfafa kyau a gare shi kafe.

Growing seedlings dauki 4 shekaru:

• 1 shekara - girma seedlings daga tsaba.
• 2 shekara - increments musu Scion.
• 3 shekara - Annual seedling ke tsiro.
• 4 shekara - perennial seedling transplanted zuwa m wuri.

Tsaba for seedlings ake zaba a hankali, kuma tsammãninsu, sunã za a iya dasa a spring, dole ne su sha stratification. Mene ne wannan?

Yadda za a shirya da tsaba ga mafi rootstocks

Domin Hardy seedlings tsaba amfani da ake da raya, karfi da kuma ripened 'ya'yan itace. Yawancin lokaci zaba cultivars kamar Grushovka Moscow, Antonivka, Borovinka. Kafin kaka shuka, suna zaba a hankali, bushe kuma amma sai ana shuka. A farko harbe bayyana gaba spring.

Idan da tsaba suna faruwa shuka a cikin bazara, dole ne su zama pre-stratification - ripening a wani zazzabi, in ba haka ba da seedlings so ba.

A saboda wannan dalili da suka yada a cikin akwatin da peat da yashi da aka moistened kuma sa a zazzabi na 5-7 ° C a cikin duhu wuri. A kan talakawan, da aiwatar da kiyayye tsaba daukan 80-90 kwanaki. Yana dogara a kan su sa. Lokaci-lokaci, suna bukatar a shayar haka ba su bushe. Idan suka fara tsiro prematurely, da akwatin dole ne a koma wani wuri inda za su zama barga riƙe a sifili zazzabi.

Dwarf rootstock for apple

Seedlings for 'ya'yan itatuwa masu ƙwazo ne, matsakaici, Semi-Dwarf. Kowane suna da nasu m fasali da kuma abun ciki da bukatun. Amma da mai girma shahararsa fara amfani Dwarf. Me ne wancan?

A amfani jin dadin da wani Dwarf rootstock for apples kuma pears, ne high quality na 'ya'yan itace (manyan, m, mai haske), suka fara zuwa nunarsa riga a kan 2 ko 3 shekaru. Bugu da kari, shi damuarn ci gaban da seedlings daga itatuwa, shi ne kawai mita biyu. Saboda haka su da sauki a kula da rike da magungunan kashe qwari, kuma girbi da daya naúrar yankin da aka samu sau 3 fiye daga yankin na wannan size inda ƙwazo seedlings aka dasa.

Amma shortcomings kuma shi yana da Dwarf rootstock. Wannan na waje tushen tsarin, yiwuwa ga daskarewa, da kuma bukatar shigarwa na goyon bayan goyon bayan da itace, kazalika da m watering a cikin zafi kakar.

Wasu jinsunan Dwarf apple seedlings ga

Paradizka IX - shi ne mai Dwarf rootstock for wardi da kuma apple siffofi. Good shuka, shi yana da babban tattalin arziki da kuma nazarin halittu Manuniya. Harbe bushes girma m, launin ruwan kasa launi tare da rawaya tinge, an rufe tare da m m ganye. Tare da daya daji 10 samu kafin layering. Saboda da m tushen tsarin lokacin sanya shi a cikin lambu, suka bukatar haifar da m goyon baya. Seedlings whimsical zuwa gona, shi ne mafi girma a cikin palmettnyh da Shpalernaya-Dwarf gonaki.

Wani rare Dwarf rootstocks for apple itatuwa - Paradizka krasnolistnyh. Yana yana da babban jure sanyi, saboda haka za a iya girma a cikin arewa-maso-gabashin yankuna. Mai tushe da kuma bar tare da rarrabe ja pigment. A kasar gona domin su zama sako-sako da kuma m. Fara kai 'ya'yan itace farkon, high yawan amfanin ƙasa. Daya drawback - da m itace, saboda abin da apple zuwa ga ƙasa gangara.

Yadda za a shuka da seedlings

Dada apple rootstock for m, kuma Muka sanya a kan gina jiki mai arzikin sako-sako da ƙasa. A yankin ya kamata a da lit da kuma kariya daga iska. A dasa rami size na 100 da 70 cm ma'adinai takin za a iya kara. A saboda wannan dalili, da goyon bayan da aka saka a cikinta, zuba tudun humus ko potassium chloride, da saman murfin Layer na kasar gona ba tare da ma'adinai Additives (5-6 cm).

Rootstocks ana shuka haka cewa saiwoyinsa aka samun gona da taki da kuma saman da aka rufe. Idan lãka ko ƙasa ruwa ne kusa saukowa, sa girma tuddai har zuwa 50 cm. Wajibi ne a tabbatar da cewa grafting aiwatar bai bayyana a cikin ƙasa. Scion dole 5 cm sama da ƙasa, in ba haka ba shi ke da tushen da kuma wada aka rasa.

Kuma a karshe ...

Rootstock - a seedling, wanda aka grafted wani shuka. A sabon itace za ta girma da ake so nazarin halittu da kuma tattalin arziki halaye, amma kawai a cikin taron cewa da lafiya da kuma m seedling girma daga zabi tsaba cikakken tsawon za a zaba. Amma cewa bai isa ba. Don faranta wa nan gaba apple girbi, wajibi ne ga seedling a hankali saka idanu da kuma kula a duk matakai na da girma, forming dace da daidaitawa kambinsa, ciyar da takin da kuma kare da yanayi da kuma kwari.