Semiconductors - alƙawari kuma rarrabuwa

Digital kida zauna da samun muhimmiyar rawa a cikin zamani lantarki. Na'urorin da cewa gudu a kan kwakwalwan kwamfuta yanzu tsinkãyi kusan duk aikace-aikace - birni da kuma masana'antu kayan aiki, toys, video, rediyo-TV m da sauransu. Duk da haka, har yanzu akwai ikon yinsa, da kuma analog mai hankali abubuwa. Bugu da ƙari, semiconductor na'urorin - daga ainihin zamani kwakwalwan kwamfuta.

Ta yaya irin wannan na'urorin? Dalili na irin wannan na'urorin kamar yadda semiconductor abu ne semiconductors. A cewar ta lantarki halaye da kaddarorin da suka matsayi tsakanin insulators da conductors. Bambanta fasali na - a dogara da watsin a kan yanayi zazzabi, da halaye na da sakamakon ionizing radiation da haske, da kazamta taro. Semiconductors da kimanin guda sa na halaye.

A cikin aiwatar da samar da lantarki a wani abu zai iya shiga kawai mobile cajin yan dako. A mafi mobile cajin yan dako da naúrar girma daga cikin abu, da girma da lantarki watsin. A karafa kusan duk na electrons ne free, da kuma wannan take kaiwa zuwa high watsin. A semiconductors da dielectrics kafofin watsa labarai ne da yawa kasa don haka da kuma mafi resistivity.

Irin wannan lantarki aka gyara kamar semiconductors furta zazzabi dogara da resistivity. Tare da kara yawan zafin jiki, shi ne yawanci rage.

Saboda haka, semiconductor na'urorin - wadannan su ne na'urorin lantarki wadda aiki bisa takamaiman matakai a abubuwa kira semiconductors. Suka tarar da widest aikace-aikace. Alal misali, a Electronics da lantarki injiniya semiconductor na'urorin da ake amfani da su maida wani iri-iri sakonni, su mita, mawadãta, kuma wasu sigogi. A irin ikon kayan aikin da ake amfani da shi don samar da makamashi hira.

semiconductor na'urorin za a iya classified a hanyoyi daban-daban. Ga misali, da aka sani da hanyoyin da rarrabuwa bisa ga ka'ida na mataki, kamar yadda aka yi nufi da zane, da yi da fasaha na filayen da kuma yankunan da aikace-aikace, da iri kayan.

Duk da haka, akwai waɗanda ake kira core azuzuwan, wanda faye hali semiconductor na'urar. Wadannan azuzuwan sun hada da:

- Electroconversion na'urorin da cewa shi kadai ne tuba zuwa cikin sauran dabi'u;

- Optoelectronic, wanda maida haske zuwa wani sakonni, da kuma mataimakin versa.

- m-jihar image converters.

- thermoelectric na'urorin cewa maida thermal makamashi a cikin na'urar samar da makamashi.

- magneto da electromagnetic na'urorin.

- piezoelectric da iri.

A raba aji na na'urorin kamar semiconductor na'urorin za a iya kira Hadakar haihuwarka, wanda yawanci gauraye, Ina nufin hade sa na halaye a guda na'urar.

Yawanci, semiconductor na'urorin aka samar a cikin wani yumbu ko roba gidaje, amma akwai zaɓuɓɓuka saboda unpackaged.