Shugaban Amurka Aircraft: Siffar, description, halaye da kuma ban sha'awa facts

Amurka shugaban kasa jirgin sama ne m alama ce Amurka a general da ofishin na farko mutum a musamman. A duk lokacin da wani shugaban kasa tafiya kasashen waje ko a cikin kasa, ya bai wa wani high-tech da na marmari Airbus. A tunawa ranar 11 ga watan Satumba jirgin sama na George W. Bush ya nuna cewa shi ne da yawa fiye da jet jirgin sama - "747" ya zama wani mobile bunker a lokacin da duk ƙasa matsayi da jũna a zama m zuwa hari.

To, abin da yake da bambanci, "Air Force One" a kan wasu jiragen sama, da kuma cewa bukatar da cewa shugaban kasa zai iya tashi a kusa da duniya? Idan muka yi la'akari da yadda da yawa da jirgin sama daukawa da shugaban kasar Amurka, shi ne ba abin mamaki ba cewa kafofin watsa labarai kira shi da "tashi White House".

Mene ne "Air Force One"?

Mafi yawan mutane suna da wani janar ra'ayin jirgin sama na shugaban kasar Amurka - tashi ofishin tare da kowane irin high-tech kayan aiki. Amma akwai biyu muhimmanci abubuwa game da jama'a ya sani kadan.

A zahiri, "Air Force One" jirgin sama ne ba. Wannan rediyo kira alamar wani jirgin sama na Amurka Air Force, dauke da shugaban kasar Amurka. Da zaran da shugaban kasa ke da wata tashi motar, shi ake cewa da matukan jirgin da kuma duk masu kula matsayin "Air Force hukumar №1» (Air Force One) don kauce wa rikice da wani jirgin sama a yankin. Idan shugaba motsa a kan jirgin sama na rundunar, shi ne ake kira "Army hukumar №1», da kuma duk lokacin da ya samun a kan ta musamman saukar ungulu, ya zama "kwamitin rundunar №1». Amma fararen hula haka ya kira kansa "747".

Shugaban Amurka Air: Features

Don kwanan wata, akwai biyu jiragen da ke shawagi a kai a kai a karkashin wannan nadi - kusan m "Boeing 747-200B". Own jirgin sama da nadi VC-25A tare da wutsiya lambobin 28000 da kuma 29000.

Wadannan biyu jirgin sama da guda general tsarin na al'ada "Boeing 747-200B" da kuma irin wannan halaye. Bã su da kusan guda tsawo na shida-storey gini (19.8 m) da kuma tsawon na gari block (70.66 m). Kowace daga cikinsu yana hudu jet engine General Electric CF6-80C2B1, wanda samar da gogayya 252 kN kowane. A iyakar gudu ne a cikin kewayon daga 1014 zuwa 1127 km / h da kuma matsakaicin rufi ne 13747 m. Kowace jirgin sama daukawa 203129 lita na man fetur. A jirgin sama Tã yi 377.842 kg a cikin gaba daya tsare da jirage masu zuwa dogon zango jihar. Tare da cikakken tanki jirgin sama zai iya tashi a kusa da rabi na duniya (12553 km).

Kamar yadda da al'ada "747", wadannan uku matakan da jirgin sama. Amma a cikin "kwamitin №1» shi ne kaucewa daban-daban daga kasuwanci jiragen.

Tu Air Force One

Amurka shugaban kasa jirgin sama, falo wanda yana da amfani yanki na 371 murabba'in mita. m., fiye da kamar wata hotel ko wani ofishin fiye da wani jetliner, tare da togiya da aminci belts a kan dukkan kujeru. The mafi ƙasƙanci matakin da ake amfani da farko su safarar kaya. Mafi yawa daga cikin fasinja yanki ne a tsakiyar matakin, da kuma saman da aka yafi dauka ta hanyar sadarwa kayan aiki.

Shugaban ne a kan jirgin masaukai, wanda sun hada da ɗakin kwanansa, wanka, dakin motsa jiki da kuma ofisoshin. Mafi yawa daga cikin furniture a kan jirgin yi da hannu da master cabinetmakers.

Staff tattara a cikin wani babban dakin taro, wanda ya hada da hidima a matsayin cin abinci dakin. A darajoji suna da nasu ofisoshin, yayin da sauran ma'aikata na shugaban gwamnati, kuma, da wani wuri domin aikin da dama. Akwai raba yankin domin rakiyar labarai, kazalika da isa sararin samaniya don wajibi sandarka. A general, da shugaban kasar Amurka jirgin sama zai iya kage kawo fasinjoji 70 da kuma ma'aikatan jirgin 26.

Hollywood version

"Air Force One" da aka nuna daga cikin a cikin eponymous Hollywood fim na 1997 tare da Harrison Ford a cikin rawar da shugaban kasar Amurka. Ko da yake wasu sassa na shimfidar wuri vaguely kama da asali darektan da fim ba nuna wa m kerawa. Babu real jirgin sama ceto kwantena kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin fim, da kuma ko da parachutes. Hakika, da ceto kwantena - ba wani abu game da wanda za mu iya magana.

layout

Amurka shugaban kasa jirgin sama da aka tana tattare a cikin wasu yanci, m Halo, sun fi mayar saboda samun shi da aka iyakance ga mafi yawan mutane. Ko da gayyatar 'yan siyasa da' yan jarida ba a yarda a wasu sassa, da kuma Air Force m isa ya rufe da takamaiman bayani daga jirgin sama layout. Me asirin rike da jirgin sama na shugaban kasar Amurka? A yawan hukuma da unofficial kafofin wallafa wani janar bayanin abin da yake a cikin "kwamitin №1», amma babu daya, kamar yadda yanzu kamar yadda muka sani, ba daidai ce yadda sassa nasaba da juna. Kuma ko da idan wani ya yi, ya yiwuwa zai samu wani m shawara, su ɓõye wannan bayani don dalilai na tsaron kasa.

Ga abin da muka sani: kamar yadda ya saba "747", da shugaban kasar Amurka a cikin jirgin sama ne zuwa kashi uku cikas. Kuma, kamar yadda ba za ka iya yi a kan talabijin watsa shirye-shiryen, da fasinjoji samun a ta uku kofofin. Yawancin lokaci da shugaban kasa, Marabtar yanayi, tana da kofa a tsakiyar bene, to abin da koran a kai-propelled fasinja mataki. Manema Labarai shiga ta hanyar da baya kofa, inda suka nan da nan hau tsani zuwa tsakiyar bene. Mafi yawa daga cikin yankin domin latsa kama wani farko-aji sashe na wani al'ada jet shafi, tare da wani dadi da faɗi da wurin zama.

Azancin, kamata kuma ya kasance:

• yankin domin ma'aikatan.
• galley.
• wani dakin taro da kuma cin abinci dakin.
• shugaban kasa da 'ofishin lambar;
• wani wuri domin aikin da sauran ma'aikatan jirgin.

Kuma, ba shakka, dole ne su kasance a sadarwa da cibiya dakin, salon da Matuka jirgin, kamar yadda a cikin saba kasuwanci jirgin sama.

Tare da wadanda ba na gargajiya da yin amfani da fasinja sarari, "hukumar №1» aka cushe da dama fasahar da ta sa shi daban-daban daga al'ada jet jirgin sama.

Features

Tun da "kwamitin №1» transports shugaban, wasu tafiye-tafiye na iya zama quite tsawo, da kuma jirgin sama na da yawan musamman fasali, da yawa daga abin da ba ya nan a kan yakin da jirgin sama.

The ƙungiya yana shirya abinci a biyu cikakken sanye take da Abinci. A babban adadin abinci adana a cikin injin daskarewa a kan kasa bene. The ƙungiya iya ciyar da har zuwa 100 mutane a lokaci da kuma damar ajiya a yi stock na 2,000 guda.

Mutane da yawa fasahar hannu a cikin likita bay. Akwai wani m kantin magani, da yawa kayan aiki for gaggawa magani, da kuma ko da a ninka-fita aiki tebur. The ƙungiya kuma hada da wani likita wanda aka tafiya tare da shugaban kasa, duk inda ya je. Ya tashi, jirgin sama maximally tattalin duk yiwu contingencies.

A bambanci ga saba "747", "jirgin №1" sanye take tare da kansa retractable ladders, gaba da baya ga takardar da ya sauka. Kanta bude uwa da ƙananan bene, da kuma ma'aikatan jirgin da kuma ma'aikata hau ciki bene don isa da babba bene. A jirgin sama ma na da kaya Loader. Tare da wadannan tarawa, "hukumar №1» ne mai zaman kanta da sabis na filin jirgin sama, wanda zai iya haifar da tsaro barazana.

E-cika

Mafi mashahuri siffa daga cikin jirgin sama ne ta lantarki. Yana hada 85 a-board phones, tarin radios, fax inji da kwamfuta sadarwa. Har ila yau, akwai 19 talabijin da kuma da dama daga ofishin kayan aiki. A tarho tsarin da aka haɗa a al'ada ƙasar Lines da gwamnatin sadarwa. Shugaban kasar da kuma sandarsa iya magana da kowane mutum a duniya, da motsi a cruising gudun 'yan kilomita sama da ƙasa.

Aiki jirgin lantarki bayar da wasu 380 km na wayoyi (biyu sau fiye da saba "747"). Da tsare isa ya kare kayan aiki daga electromagnetic bugun jini samar da makaman nukiliya fashewa.

Wani alama ne da ikon ƙara yawan man fetur ko abin wuta a-gudu. Kazalika da B-2 ko wasu fama da jirgin sama, shi damar da jirgin ruwa zauna a cikin iska illa ma sha Allahu, wanda zai iya zama da muhimmanci a gaggawa.

Wasu daga cikin mafi ban sha'awa abubuwa na "jirgi №1» - m avionics da kuma kariya - suna classified. Amma da Air Force da'awar cewa jirgin ne shakka soja, da kuma tsara yin tsayayya da iska hare-hare. Bugu da kari, shi ne sanye take da jamming na'urorin, wanda yake iya jamming maƙiyi radar. A jirgin sama ne ma iya harba infrared tarko domin ka karkatar da zafi-neman makamai masu linzami.

Flight shiri

Kowane jirgin "kwamitin №1» ne classified a matsayin soji da kuma samar daidai da. Servicemen a Andrews Air Force Base, a Maryland kafin tashi a hankali duba da jirgin sama da kuma titin jiragen sama.

Idan ya zo ga daukar-kashe lokaci, shugaban kasar mai saukar ungulu yana da shugaban kasa daga fadar White House zuwa Andrews Air Force Base. tushe ma'aikata na sa ido mara izini jirgin sama a kusa da nan, kuma yana da hakkin ya harba su saukar ba tare da gargadi.

Kafin kowane jirgin, "hukumar №1» Air Force aika zuwa ga makõma kaya jirgin sama C141 Starlifter, dauke da shugaban kasar ta motorcade. Yana hada da wani tarin bulletproof limousines da Vans, ɗora Kwatancen da makamai ga harkokin tsaro na jihar shugaban a kan ƙasa.

Shugaban kasar ko da yaushe ya zo a tushe da "kwallon kafa" - wani akwati a cikinsa don adana lambobin don nukiliya tayin. Air Force jami'in tsare da shi a lokacin da jirgin, kafin bada da jami'in soja a ƙasa.

Gata da aiki tare da shugaba

Kamar dai talakawa jetliner, mutum na farko na kasar bauta ta jirgin sama ma'aikatan jirgin da kuma lura da shirya da kuma bauta abinci, da kuma tsaftace jirgin sama. Suna zaba a hankali daga soja da wani impeccable suna. Crew members wanda shirya abinci dole ne bi da babban matakin tsaro. Alal misali, sayen abinci, da suka yi aiki a karkashin murfin kuma zaži manyan kantunan sun samu su hana guba yunkurin. Bauta ta jirgin sama na shugaban kasar Amurka steeper biyar-star hotel.

Crew mambobi ne sosai rare gata - su yi aiki tare da shugaban kasar a lokacin da ya ke cikin mafi m jihar. Kowane shugaba tun Harry Truman, kiyaye hadin gwiwa tare da ma'aikatan jirgin da kuma na karshe jirgin ya kasance kullum tunanin.

Shugaba jirgin saman: The Story of Amirka "kwamitin №1»

Up har yakin duniya na II, Amurka kai da wuya tafiya yanzu daga gida. Ziyartar sauran kasashen dauki lokaci da yawa da kuma yanke kan kasar daga manyan cibiyoyin.

A ci gaba da jirgin sama ya yarda da shugaban kasar don matsawa a duniya da kuma komawa zuwa Amurka a cikin gajeren lokaci. A 1943, Franklin Ruzvelt zama na farko da shugaban jihar da cewa ya tashi a cikin iska da za a tashi jirgin "Boeing-314" a wani taro a birnin Casablanca.

Roosevelt yanke shawarar daukar wannan mataki, saboda Jamus submarines sa teku ma m. Amma nasarar da manufa don yin jirgin wani misali hanyar yunkuri na shugaban kasar. Ba da da ewa, gwamnati ta yanke shawarar ware musamman soja jirgin shugaban kasar. Air Force asali ya zabi C-87A Liberator Express, wani dan kunar bakin waken B-24 kaga ga farar hula amfani, wanda aka Kwafa da "Tsammani inda."

Bayan wani C-87A fado karkashin m yanayi, da tsaro da sabis na yanke shawarar cewa jirgin sama ne ba a dogara da isa ga shugaban kasa. Ba da da ewa, ga Roosevelt da aka shirya da C-54 Skymaster, wanda yana da gida mai dakuna, a radiotelephone da retractable daga gare keken hannu. A jirgin sama, lakabi da "alfarma Cow", dauke da shugaban jihar a kan da dama da muhimmanci manufa, ciki har da tarihi Yalta taro.

Shugaba Truman "alfarma shanu" gāda, amma sai aka maye gurbinsu da wani modified DC-6, mai taken "Independence." Ya bambanta da na baya da jirgin sama, da sabon "kwamitin №1» rarrabe m canza launi da gaggafa ta kai a kan mãsu gudãna. Eisenhower biyu m propeller jirgin sama da aka bayar tare da kyautata kayan aiki, ciki har da tarho da kuma teletype.

Daga Eisenhower ya Obama

A shekarar 1958, cikin Air Force bayar biyu "Boeing 707". Wannan wani gagarumin mataki a gaba idan aka kwatanta da baya jirgin sama. Yana nan ya fara amfani da kira alamar "kwamitin №1», da kuma jama'a dauki wannan sunan bayan Kennedy shiga ofishin.

A farkon ya lokaci Kennedy kara da cewa mafi m, dogon zangon "Boeing-707", kazalika da dubawa da canji na ado zane - blue da fari kayan ado da aka yi amfani da wannan rana.

Wannan jirgin sama da kuma ta twin, haƙĩƙa, sun shige a cikin iska rundunar motoci a shekara ta 1972, ta taka rawa a wani adadin manyan abubuwan tarihin da na karshe shekaru 50. "Boeing-707" dauke da Kennedy a Dallas 22 ga watan Nuwamba, 1963 da kuma a wannan rana, kwashe jikinsa baya. A jirgin, Lindon Dzhonson aka rantsar da shi a matsayin na gaba da shugaban kasar Amurka. A wannan jirgin yana dauke Nixon daga DC zuwa California bayan ya yi ritaya. Halfway ƙungiya samu tabbaci cewa Gerald Ford da aka rantsar da shi a matsayin sabon shugaban, da kuma kiran da ãyã daga cikin jirgin sama da aka modified a Sam (Special Air Mission) 27000.

"Boeing-707" Reagan bauta ga biyu sharuddan, da kuma George HW Bush a lokacin da yake da farko lokaci. A shekarar 1990, 707 daga ranar da aka canza zuwa "747" - jirgin da shugaban kasar Amurka Barack Obama amfani a yau.

Wani canji na shugaban kasa na jirgin sama jiragen ruwa da aka shirya da baya a 2010 bayan shekaru 20 na aiki. Idan ka kwatanta jirage shugabannin wasu kasashe, Amurka na musamman sabon abu na aircrafts ba kasaftawa. Alal misali, mafi zamani "Boeing-747-400" suna samuwa ga firayin ministan kasar Japan, Sarkin Bahrain, da Sultan na Brunei, da Sarkin Oman, King of Saudi Arabia da sauransu. Janairu 28, 2015 da Air Force sanar da cewa na gaba shugaban jirgin sama zai zama " Boeing 747-8 ".