Sufi na St. Nicholas Berlyukovsky: tarihi da kuma hotuna

Arba'in da biyu kilomita arewa maso gabashin Moscow, a gāɓar kogi Vori located Nicholas Berlyukovsky sufi, tsira tare da mafi tsarki gidajen lama a Rasha da kuma lokaci na ci gaba, da kuma shekaru na sakaci. Rekõdinsa vividly nuna fushin da rahama ga waɗanda a cikin ikon. Kuma a yau, a lokacin da mutane regained bayan shekaru da dama na maguzawan hauka, ya sake bukatar mutane kamar mai kula da kakanninsu ruhaniya dabi'u.

A farko sufaye zuwa Ɓarawo River

Masana tarihi ne na ra'ayin cewa Nicholas Berlyukovsky sufi samo asali daga kogwanni haƙa nan na farko da sufaye, da suka zo nan a cikin XII-XIII ƙarni. Duk da cewa a cikin Rasha ƙasashe peschernozhitelstvo, saboda yanayin damina, an ba kawai mun gwada da kananan da'irar mafi mabiyin ascetics, zuhudu rayuwa misalai na wannan za a iya gani cikin tarihin mu.

An gano cewa, a zamanin da, pre-Kirista sau fiye da a kan kogin banki na Warri ya da wani arna haikalin, kuma na farko da sufaye na sufi, zaunar a wadannan wurare, gina a shafin na biyu a ɗakin gumaka waɗanda aka kashe da su - a cikin sunan St. Yahaya Maibaftisma, kuma St. Nikolaya Chudotvortsa Mirlikiyskogo. A wannan batun, involuntarily zo tuna da tarihi daga cikin tushe na Kiev-Pechersk Lavra, inda na farko gine-gine da aka gina a kan site na ruwa sallami cikin Dnieper gumãka.

Ieromonah-ƙone

A wuri zaba da farko natsuwa, ya ba da nisa daga kauye na Berlin (a cikin m shekaru Avdotyino), don haka suke kafa sufi da farko aka kira St. Nicholas Berlin hamada. Ta labarin samun aiki ci gaba bayan bayyanar a cikin wadannan sassa Hieromonk Varlaam wanda ya zo nan a cikin farkon XVII karni, a lokacin da Rasha ƙasar na cike da wuta Lokaci na matsaloli. Kafin ya kasance Stromynsky mazauni na ɗauka sufi, dake kusa da kauyen Fryanovo, amma Dogayen sanda lalatar da kuma ƙone su a 1603.

Yana da muhimmanci a lura da cewa shi ne bayan ya bayyanar a cikin tarihi takardun na zamanin sufi fara da za a kira a matsayin St. Nicholas Berlyukovsky sufi. A asalin sunan bincike babu tabbataccen ra'ayi. Mutane ma jita-jita shirka da shi da sunan wani farauta a cikin wannan yankin da kuma sa'an nan da ya tuba barawo a kan Berlyuk sunan barkwanci, wanda yake nufin "kerkẽci", ko kuma kawai "da dabba."

Shin wannan labari ne mai real-akai - shi ne ba a sani ba, musamman tun lokacin da tsohon siffantãwa da kafuwar sufi da ya tuba fãsiƙai shiga jama'a hadisin. An misali ne sanannen Optina, kuma wai tushen Optoy fashi.

A farkon da zuhudu obschinnozhitiya

Game da yadda ya fara zuhudu sabis a kan gaba na Vori mahaifin Varlaam, kiyaye kawai fragmentary bayanai, wanda ya kawo mu cikin takardun na zamanin. Duk da haka, an san cewa jim kadan bayan da ascetic haƙa kansa kasko cike cell, da kuma zaunar da shi, ya ba da kansa ga addu'a da azumi, suka fara zo da shi da sauran sufaye daga cikin halakakku gidajen ibada, da kuma tare da su da kuma sa mutane, wanda ya so ya ke e kansa don bauta wa Allah. A hankali da yawan mazaunan hamada fara kara.

Haka kuma an san cewa wata rana uban Barlaam sun biyu daraja haihuwa mata - Uwar isa, Evdokia, wanda ya jagoranci Baptist ya ba da nisa ɗauka cewa sufi, da kuma ta treasurer Juliana. Suka kawo kyauta mazaunin tsoho icon na St. Nicholas.

Domin wannan tsarki image na dattijo Barlaam da 'yan'uwansa sa katako ɗakin sujada na felled kututturan mikewa a kusa da Pine gandun daji. Bayyanar da shrine zarar koya mazaunan ƙauyukanta, da ya fara zuwa a wani taron Nikolo-Berlyukovsky sufi. Bada jimawa ba, ta hanyar da salla kafin image fara yin mu'ujizai, da kuma da yawa fama aka warkar da su.

Na farko da dutse gini na sufi

Kamar yadda yawan mahajjata zuwa rukũ'i banmamaki icon umarnin da gafala m Varlaama, wadãtar da kuma jingina yau, iyalinsu Collegiate taskar. Shekaru da dama sun shige kuma a kyaututtuka na aminci da kuma gudunmawar da boyars wanda ya ziyarci sufi kan site na tsohon ɗakin sujada da aka gina da dutse coci, ya keɓe a cikin sunan St. Nicholas.

A 1710, kamar yadda sufi (St. Nicholas Berlyukovsky) ya ba da wani jami'in matsayi da shawarar da diocesan jagoranci, da coci samu matsayi na sufi a Moscow Chudov sufi, kuma su bauta a shi, kazalika da janar kyautata na babban birnin kasar samu dama sufaye jagorancin mazaunin Pohomiem. Wannan wani gagarumin mataki wajen amincewa da Moscow Patriarchate sufi.

Patriarchal umurnin a kan kafa sabuwar sufi zo shekara bakwai daga baya, kuma ya karbi aikin hukuma matsayi, hamada an cire daga iko na Chudov sufi. Tarihi ya adana sunan farko mazaunin na sufi, ya kasance celibate firist Diodorus, wanda ya ba da sabis na Allah wakkala a gare shi a cikin ganuwar da sufi da shekaru ashirin.

A mazaunin DiSSiDENT

A 1731 ya aka yi nasara da Yosiya m, wanda ya ji dadin mai girma daga cikin 'ya'yan sarakuna Mary da Feodosia -' yan qasar da 'yan'uwanku mãtã na matacce a lokacin da Sarkin sarakuna Peter I. A rabo daga wannan aminci dan Rasha Orthodox Church ya ban tausayi. Ya yi da ƙarfin hali da magana a kan manufofin da hukuncin a wadannan shekaru na Empress Anny Ioannovny.

Kamar yadda ka sani, a shekarun ta sarautar aka halin da dominance daga kasashen waje a duk hukumomin gwamnati da kuma janar fuskantarwa daga cikin pro-Western manufofin. Da yake ina da Bakan'ane na Rasha, Yosiya mahaifinsa ba su yi shakka a fili la'anta da Empress kanta, warware da kasa bukatu da kuma ta cin hanci da rashawa jami'ai. Domin ya sãɓã ba ya aka aiko zuwa m gudun hijira a Kamchatka, inda ya mutu, ba su iya jure ta m sauyin yanayi.

seditious sufi

A wulãkanci zo, kuma mutane da yawa sufaye, bisa ga samu ta hanyar ofishin na Asirin denunciations, "wanda ya saurari tagomashi" wa mazaunin. Duk da haka, dangane da 'yan'uwansu jumla ya ba kamar yadda mai tsanani, da kuma hukumomin iyakance kansu zuwa ga fitar zuwa wani mazaunin. Duk da haka, tun sa'an nan sufi (St. Nicholas Berlyukovsky) hankali fara samun koma baya. A Rasha, wadanda mutane ikon ya kullum fifiko kan coci, ba shakka, cewa wurin zama, mired a siyasa fitina, ba zai iya ƙidaya a kan goyon bayan da Ruhu Mai taron majalisar Krista.

A farko yarjejeniyoyin sufi

A matsayi na cloister ya canza zuwa ga alheri a cikin gaba mulkinsa. Haka kuma, a 1770, lokacin da Ekaterina II, waya, kamar yadda aka sani, da secularization siyasa, da cewa an yãye coci asashe, da sufi na St. Nicholas Berlyukovsky bai da aka soke, da kuma a cikin ƙasa Nicholas coci samu matsayi na Ikklesiya coci.

Kawai bayan shekaru tara, godiya ga m buƙatun na gida mazauna da kuma mambobi na limaman Kirista, daga umurnin Moscow tauhidin Consistory sufi (Nicholas Berlyukovsky) kõma hakkokinsu. Duk da haka, tsohon free-tunanin ɗan'uwansa kuwa ba a banza - sufi samu matsayi na lardin hamada, cewa an hana ta ecclesiastical hukumomi na wani abu goyon baya da kuma dole ne sun wanzu kawai daga kansa albarkatu. A wannan shekara, wannan m gidajen lama na Moscow diocese, akwai guda takwas.

Karkashin laimar Lardi Platon

Rector na farfado sufi da aka nada Joasaph m - wani mutum ba kawai warai addini, amma kuma yana da fice da tattalin arziki da kuma kasuwanci acumen. Ya gudanar aikatãwa amanar da fice a coci shugaban a lokacin da Lardi Platon (Levshin), dadin babban tasiri a cikin kotu, da kuma, godiya ga goyon baya, to sami albarka kuma, muhimmanci, da kudi domin gina wani sabon coci sadaukar da Triniti Mai Tsarki. Lokacin da yi aka kammala, Metropolitan Platon da kaina keɓe shi, kuma kaina, sanya wani gagarumin taimako ga liturgical littattafai, da kuma daban-daban kayayyakinsa.

Age na aiki yi na sufi

Bayan rasuwar mazaunin Ioasafa, a 1794, da sufi ci gaba da fadada. A ko'ina cikin XIX karni a cikin ƙasa gina daban-daban gine-gine a matsayin wani liturgical da kuma tattalin arziki nufi. A 1835 ya dauki wuri haikalin Kristi Mai-Ceto dage farawa, wanda daga baya ya zama gine-gine cibiyar da zuhudu hadaddun.

Bugu da kari, mafi sananne gine-gine an gina a 1840. Gate dutse coci a cikin girmamawa Vasiliya Velikogo da kuma gina a cikin 1851, da kararrawa hasumiya, wanda aka tashe shi daga kararrawa yin la'akari a kan dubu fam. Bugu da kari, bayan shekaru biyu da 'yan'uwa sanya kauri, keɓewarsa na sabon dutse coci, gina a kan abubuwan taimako na m JJu Nabilkina.

Musamman sufi kararrawa hasumiya

A ƙarshen XIX karni aka alama ta yi daga cikin mafi grandiose yi, wanda ya zama sananne a dukan na Rasha Nicholas Berlyukovskaya Hamada. The sufi da aka iya samu wajen da kuma damar domin gina daya daga cikin mafi girma a cikin Rasha karrarawa. Wannan gini, tsara ta Moscow m Aleksandra Stepanovicha Kaminskogo, musamman kuma a matsayin gine-gine abin tunawa da wani m aikin injiniya aikin.

Ta tsawo ne tamanin da takwas mita, kuma a saman da shi da aka shugaba ta gicciye, jefa master Shuvalov sanya na ja tagulla da kuma vesivshim fiye da shida kilo. All yi aka za'ayi a kan son rai da kyaututtuka da kuma Metropolitan fatake Samoilova Lyapino 'yan'uwa.

Na biyu kau na sufi na

A 1920, da anti-addini yaƙi Kanmu da sabon hukumomi, ya kai Avdotyino. Nicholas Berlyukovsky sufi da aka rufe, mafi yawansu da gine-gine da aka yi amfani da daban-daban na sakawa, kuma suka jũya zuwa cikin babban coci a cikin Ikklesiya. Bayan shekara guda, da kara maguzawan aiki, hukumomi dakatar addini processions, da kuma a 1922 samar da kwata na dukiya mai daraja.

Requisitioned dukan azurfa kayayyakinsa, ciki har da kwantena, albashi na gumaka da liturgical littattafai, kazalika da pectoral da kuma bagaden crosses. Karshe lokacin da Allahntaka ibadar a cikin coci aka kammala a watan Fabrairu 1930. All kara lokaci, har zuwa farkon nineties, sufi gine-gine da aka yi amfani da don zalla kasuwanci dalilai.

Tarurrukan sufi

Farkon Tarurrukan na sufi kamata a daukarsa a matsayin kaka na shekarar 1992, a lokacin da addini al'umma da aka kafa da rajista a Kristi Mai-Ceto Cathedral. Duk da haka, na maido aiki a shi ya dauki wani babba lokaci, da kuma na farko ibadar da aka yi bikin kawai a 2004. Wannan taron ya zamo farkon wani sabon tarihi lokaci, wadda ta zo Nikolo Berlyukovsky sufi. Jadawalin Allahntaka Services, ya bayyana a masa kofa bayan wani dogon hutu, shi ne na farko da alamar zuwan ruhaniya sabuntawa. Sa'an nan da coci kararrawa hasumiyar da kuma wani ɓangare na ƙasar sufi da aka hukuma da mika su ga sabuwar kafa ikilisiya.

An muhimmanci mataki a cikin Tarurrukan na sufi da aka yanke shawara na Ruhu Mai taron majalisar Krista, samu su a Janairu 2006 taron. Bisa ga doka, da coci, wanda da farko sarrafa a matsayin wata Ikklesiya, sabuwar tuba zuwa Nicholas Berlyukovsky sufi. Hotuna sufi koma ga muminai bayan shekaru sittin kunya, an gabatar a cikin labarin. Sun yi magana don kansu.

Aiki fara a sufi

Gaba zama mafi dadewa aiki a kan maido da dukan abin da aka haka ruthlessly halaka, kuma shi ya riga ya fara. Ba da da ewa bayan bada hukuma matsayi da sufi a saman da kararrawa hasumiya an tashe pyatnadtsatimetrovaya cupola, shugaba ta gilded giciye. Sake haskaka a kan sufi wata alama ce ta Almasihu fansa hadaya.

A shekarar 2011, sufi 'yan'uwa hau kan wani musamman aikin - halittar "Romanov Walk of daraja." Bisa ga marubuta, wannan dole ne a shigar Monuments ga wakilan na daular Qing cewa mulki Rasha domin shekara ɗari uku. Yau, a wannan tunawa, halitta a matsayin haraji ga memory na Romanovs, gina tunawa da farko hudu.

The cikakken mayar da coci ayyuka, janyo hankalin, a shekarun baya, dubban mahajjata a St. Nicholas sufi Berlyukovsky. Jadawalin na Kristi Mai-Ceto coci ayyuka ne broadly daidai da jadawalin da aka kafa domin mafiya yawa daga cikin Ibada. A weekdays polunochnitsa, matins da sa'o'i fara a 6:00 am, Divine ibadar - 8:00, Vespers - at 17:30. A lokacin holidays, da jadawalin iya canza, amma shi za a iya samu a sufi website.

St. Nicholas sufi Berlyukovsky - yadda za a samu to shi?

Duk da cewa magina da restorers na sufi har yanzu da yawa daga aiki, ya riga ya yiwu in ga wani gagarumin yawan mahajjata zuwa nan ba kawai daga Moscow da kuma kusa da nan birane, amma kuma daga ko'ina cikin kasar. Muna sanar ga wadanda suke so, to ziyarci sufi na St. Nicholas Berlyukovsky, adireshin: Moscow Region, Noginsk District, Avdotyino .. Za ka iya kaiwa gare shi № bas 321 daga tashar jirgin karkashin kasa "Shchelkovskaya" to daina on. Avdotyino. A madadin Yaroslavsky jirgin kasa daga tashar zuwa tashar Chkalovskaya, da kuma karfafa wannan bas № 321.