ROC Menene wannan? Rasha Orthodox Church

Kiristanci a Rasha ya fara yada a cikin IX karni. Wannan tsari ne sosai karfi da ya rinjayi ta kusanci zuwa ga mai girma Byzantine Empire, professed Kiristanci. Don magance wannan tambaya: "ROC - cewa shi ne," delve kadan a cikin tarihi na zamanin d Rasha, inda da ilimi da ayyukan da Slavs asali tsunduma wa'azi - 'yan'uwa Kirill na Mefody. A farko baftisma dauki Princess Olga na Kiev a 954. Wannan taron da gudummawar da cewa bayan da Kiev Prince Vladimir a 988, baftisma Rus.

A tarihin na Rasha Orthodox Church

A cikin pre-Mongol lokacin da Rasha Church ya birnin na Konstantinoful Patriarchate, wanda nada ya Metropolitan Helenawa. Duk da haka, a 1051 kursiyin farko ya zama Rasha Lardi Hilarion - sosai ilimi addini adadi.

A tarihin na Rasha Orthodox Church ya nuna cewa da gina m majami'u a Rasha ya fara a cikin X karni, kuma daga XI karni Ya halitta na farko zuhudu tattalin arzikin.

A farko sufi (Crypt), kafa ta St. Antoniy Pechersky, ya kawo a cikin 1051 da Rasha Athos m. Sai ya zama a tsakiyar Orthodoxy a Rasha. A nan gaba, da gidajen lama ba kawai na ruhaniya cibiyoyin amma kuma cibiyoyin ilimi da al'adu, wanda suka tarihi records, fassara tauhidin littattafai wadãta iconography.

hada mulkoki

Mamaki: "ROC - abin", ya kamata a lura da cewa a cikin tsawon mulkin gargajiya fragmentation na XII karni, kawai Orthodox Church zauna a cikin babban mai bãyar da ra'ayin hadin kan Rasha mutane, suka saɓa wa yarima ta m jayayya.

A XIII zuwa karni Rasha farmaki da Tatar-Mongol hordes, amma ba su iya karya da Rasha Church. Morally, ruhaniya da kuma abin duniya, ta gudummawar da halittar Rasha siyasa hadin kai.

A XIV karni, ya fara gama a kusa da birnin Moscow Rasha sarauta. Great Rasha hierarchs ya zama m mataimakin na Moscow sarakuna.

babban abõkan

Metropolitan Alexy ya zama mai jagoranci na St. Prince Dmitry Donskoy. Saint Jonah, Lardi na Moscow taimaki Prince of Moscow a tsare da hadin kai da ke jihar tsarin da karewa daga cikin mulkin gargajiya yaƙe-yaƙe.

Orthodox Saint Sergiy Radonezhsky albarka to Kulikov yaƙi Dmitri Donskoy, wannan feat shi ne farkon kwata 'yanci na Rasha ƙasashe da mangolawa.

Ba abin mamaki da yawa da sha'awar a cikin topic na "ROC - abin da yake da shi?" Kuma a nan a na farko wuri ya kamata a lura da cewa Orthodox Church taimaka wajen adana al'adun da kuma na kasa sani na Rasha mutane. Alal misali, a cikin XIII karni yi aka fara Pochaev Lavra, saboda haka ya ce Orthodox da kuma yammacin Rasha asashe.

Tsakanin XIV kuma har zuwa tsakiyar karni XV a Rasha an saita zuwa 180 gidajen lama. A gagarumin taron da aka kafa Triniti-Sergius sufi a 1334 da Reverend Saint Sergius na Radonezh. Wannan sufi da aka amfani ga m iyawa Reverend Andrei Rublev.

Aftokefaliya. Rasha Orthodox ayyana kabila

A tsawon lokaci, gwamnatin Rasha ta fara sami ƙarfi, kuma rabu da invaders, kuma wannan ya zama mafi m kuma mafi iko Orthodox Church a Rasha. Tare da fahimtar abin da Rasha Orthodox Church, ya zo da fahimtar ta babbar rawa a cikin tarihi na jihar.

Kafin fall na Byzantine Empire a 1448, da Rasha Church tsiwirwirinsu samun 'yancin kai daga Patriarchate na Konstantinoful. Sadar Council of Rasha bishops, Metropolitan Jonah zama Lardi na Moscow da kuma All Rasha.

Kuma a yanzu, a cikin 1589 , Ayuba - Lardi na Moscow - zama na farko sarki na Rasha.

A XVII karni a Rasha da aka kai hari da Yaren mutanen Poland Yaren mutanen Sweden-invaders. Amma da Rasha coci a nan kuma bai daina. Great Bakan'ane sarki Ergemon ya yi shahada ta hanyar invaders, amma ya kasance da ruhaniya shugaban na mayakan sa kai na Minin da Pozharsky.

A tarihin Rasha jihar da aka bayyana a cikin jaruntakar juriya na Triniti-Sergius Lavra, da Dogayen sanda da kuma Swedes a 1608-1610 gg.

Next sarki, Nikon, tsunduma a sake fasalin, sakamakon shi a tsaga a Rasha Orthodox Church aka kafa. Wadannan sauye-sauye sun ci gaba a cikin XVIII karni da Bitrus I. A 1700, bayan mutuwar sarki Adrian, sabon Primate na Church daina zabe, kamar yadda kafa ta Ruhu Mai Hukumar taron majalisar Krista, wanda da kulawa da jami'an gwamnati a 1721. Ya dade game da biyu da shekara ɗari da ya kasance detrimental ga ROC.

sabuntawa na patriarchate

A 1917 sai aka kira All-Russian Church Council, inda Patriarchate aka mayar da. Sarki na Moscow da kuma All Rasha ya Lardi Moskovskiy Tihon.

Amma da Bolsheviks dauke da ROC su akida abokin gaba, don haka shi ne batun total halaka.

Daga 1922 zuwa 1924, sarki Tikhon ya karkashin kama. A lokacin da aka kafa Rasha Orthodox Church kasashen waje. Bayan mutuwarsa, da gwagwarmaya, da kuma ƙarshe kai ga Rasha Orthodox Church, Metropolitan Sergius (Stargorodsky).

A Tarayyar Soviet da bauta bar kawai karamin yawan majami'u. The girma na limaman aka harbe ko yana cikin sansani.

By lokacin yakin duniya na II dukan coci tsarin da aka kusan gaba daya hallaka, amma wani bala'i yãƙi Stalin tilasta Resort zuwa ROC halin kirki goyan baya. Firistoci da bishops da aka saki daga kurkukun.

A culmination ya cikin tsari, lokacin da sarki an zabe a 1943 a Majalisar Bishops - Lardi Sergius (Stargorodsky), kuma a shekarar 1945 a Local Council - Lardi Alexy.

A Khrushchev ta lokaci da yawa majami'u da aka rufe, duk da tsananta wa coci daina a Brezhnev lokaci, amma shi ne tsananin sarrafawa da hukumomi. Wannan wani wuya lokaci, da ROC da. Mene ne rayuwa da kuma zalunci, ta sani, alas, ba ta tãtsuniyoyi, da wuya hanya.

Moscow Patriarchate

A shekarar 1988, bikin na Millennium na Rasha, da kuma ya zama alama taron domin Church da kuma jihar. Gyara maido da majami'u. Next sun Jikoki Alexy I, Pimen da Alexy II. Yau, wani zamani Orthodox Church karkashin jagorancin sarki na Moscow da kuma All Rasha Kirill. A cikin wadannan wuya sau shi ne a kan kafadu sa wani nauyi - don su nemi hanyoyi na sulhu na duk Slavic mutane. Bayan duk, kuma yana haifar da ROC.

Modern Diocese na Rasha Orthodox Church, kafa a 1325, yana da kewaye 1506 Ibada. By da parishes da kuma gidajen lama na diocese rike da 268 chapels. Diocese tsarin ne zuwa kashi 48 deanery, wanda aka kunna kuma sufi. Deanery garwaya a 1153 da kuma zuwa na 24 gidajen lama. Bugu da kari, cikin diocese yana 3 edinovercheskie isowa daga abin da suke a cikakken biyayya ga Lardi. Jam'iyyar bishop na Moscow Diocese na Rasha Orthodox Church - Lardi Krutitsy da Kolomna Juvenal.