"Tale of bygone Years": da Genre, compositional da stylistic asali

Salo "Tale of bygone Years" aka bayyana a matsayin mai rikodin, kuma mafi tsufa. Akwai uku bugu na da shi, game da 1113, 1116 da kuma 1118 shekaru. na farko shi ne marubucin Nestor, na biyu - da mazaunin Sylvester, da aikin yi da bukatar Vladimira Monomaha. shi ba zai yiwu kafa bugu na uku da Mahalicci ne, amma mun san cewa shi aka yi nufi ga Mstislav Vladimirovich.

Tsohon Rasha adabi Genre tsarin

Tsohon Rasha adabi kunshi biyu sub - nau'o'i na wadanda mutane da kuma addinin wallafe-wallafe. Na biyu shi ne mafi rufe da ya hada da Littattafai rayuwarsu da kuma tafiya, da kuma malamin ta grand oratory. Nau'o'i na wadanda mutane adabi gabatar soja litattafan da tarihin narrating da abubuwan tarihin da daga shekara zuwa shekara. Da wasu kama da Byzantine chronograph. Duk da haka, a lokacin da samar da wani "Tale of bygone Years", wani salo chronograph Rasha malaman Attaura da aka ba amfani. Yana da aka ƙware a baya mataki.

"Tale of bygone Years": Genre

Dmitry Likhachev rubuta game da enfilade, ko gungu, cikin yanayi na gina Monuments na zamanin d rubuce. Wannan shi ne rarrabe kusan duk ayyukan da aka rubuta a zamanin Kievan Rus - dabam dauka rubutu da aka yi tunani a yiwuwar bude don hada da sauran kafofin. To, a lõkacin da aiki na bukatar wani "zaži Genre na" The Tale of bygone Years "," ka tuna cewa rikodin hada da:

• kwangila (misali, Rasha-Byzantine a 1907).
• Zaune na Saints - Boris da Gleb, Feodosiya Pecherskogo .
• "Wannan Falsafa" da sauran texts.

Stories cewa suna da wani pronounced jama'a asalin (misali, labarin mutuwar Oleg, labarin yadda wani saurayi-Kozhemyaka ci Pecheneg gwarzo), kuma muhimmi a tarihin "The Tale of bygone Years". Abin da Genre daga wadannan ayyuka? Su kama wani hikaya ko labari. Bugu da kari, da labarinsa na abin da ake kira alama labarin game da yarima ta laifuka - kamar tsananin haske Cornflower. Farko a cikin Genre asali da Dmitry Likhachev.

Ka lura da cewa wannan "gungu", bambancin ba sa Genre na "Tale of bygone Years" wani abu m, da abin tunawa - mai sauki tarin bazuwar texts.

ƙayyadaddu na

Babban compositional raka'a na "Tale of bygone Years" ne yanayin articles, farko da kalmomi "A lokacin rani ...". Wannan tsoho tarihin bambanta daga Byzantine chronographs wanda ya bayyana abubuwan da suka faru na baya kwana a matsayin kashi na tarihi karɓarsu ga ba a shekara, kuma ta sarautar sarkin. Weather articles kasu kashi biyu Categories. Na farko shi ne abin da ake kira yanayin rahotanni cewa kama wani musamman tarihi hujja. Saboda haka, da abun ciki na labarin for 1020 aka iyakance zuwa daya labarai: Yaroslav dan mai suna Vladimir. Musamman mai yawa saƙonni lura a cikin Kiev tarihin XII karni.

A bambanci, shi Tarihi labarun ba kawai sanar da game da taron, amma kuma bayar da shawarar a description, wani lokacin a babban daki-daki. Marubucin iya zaton shi wajibi ne don saka suka dauki bangare a cikin yaƙin, inda shi ya faru, abin da sakamako. A wannan yanayin, irin wannan canja wuri na mãkirci lent yanayin labarin.

almara style

Dmitry Likhachev, bincika da "Tale of bygone Years", Genre da compositional asali na tunawa nasa ne da delineation na alfarma da kuma almara styles. A karshen ne musamman halayyar wadanda sassa na labarinsa "The Tale of bygone Years", wani salo wanda aka bayyana a matsayin soja labarin. Almara style ne a kusa dangane da almara, ta amfani da hasashe kõma daga can. A daukan hankali misali - da Princess Olga, ya wakilta a cikin tarihin ramuwar. Bugu da ƙari kuma, su ne mafi idon basira (as nisa kamar yadda wannan halayyar za a iya amfani da su tsoho adabi haruffa).

monumental style

Monumental style of historicism ne a key ba kawai don labarinsa da tsoho abin tunawa, amma dukan adabi na Kievan Rus. Yana bayyana kanta da farko a cikin image na haruffa. Tarihin ne ba su da sha'awar su masu zaman kansu rayuka, kazalika da waɗanda suke a waje na mulkin gargajiya tsakaninsu. Mutum na da sha'awa ga na da marubucin a matsayin wakilin musamman na zamantakewa yanayi. Yana kuma ya rinjayi cikin halaye na hali, wanda shi ne m rabo daga idealization. Canon zama da muhimmanci ra'ayi domin "The Tale ...". Saboda haka, wani basarake ne wanda aka nuna a cikin mafi muhimmanci yanayi, ba da sanin ruhaniya gwagwarmaya. Ya shiga, mai kaifin baki, kuma yana da mai kwazo tawagar. A akasin wannan, a coci shugaban daga rayuwa dole ne ku yi taƙawa, biyayya da bin dokokin Allah.

Tarihin unknown tunani da ya haruffa. The na da marubucin ji ba jinkirin, Magana game da harafin "mai kyau" ko "mugunta", da kuma cikin hadaddun da sabanin images, saba mana daga gargajiya adabi iya tashi.