Tarayya kasafin kudin - shi ... Law a kan Tarayya Budget

Wani zaman jama'a amfanin, maimaitawa cibiyoyin ba riba yanayi, da kuma wasu abubuwan da suka faru na kasa muhimmancin sun fi mayar da sakamakon da kasa dũkiya. Its samuwar kuma structuring - aiwatar da wuya da kuma lokaci-cinyewa, da kuma a cikin shi za mu yi kokarin fahimtar wannan labarin.

A ra'ayi na tarayya kasafin kudin

A tarayya kasafin kudin - shi ne mai da muhimman hakkokin taskar na kowane jihar, wanda shi ne wani tsarin dangantakar dogara ne a kan m tsabar kudi, wanda suke da wani ɓangare daga cikin kudaden gwamnati. National kudi dũkiyõyi a cikin tsarin na da samuwar daukan wani asali zamantakewa da tattalin arziki fasali na kasar, na wanda ya tsaya daga cikin babban kwatance na gaba kudaden shiga da kuma kudi.

Bi da bi, da tarayya kasafin kudin na Rasha Federation daukawa fitar da muhimmanci ayyuka a cikin abincinsu na jihar tsarin:

• da inganta harkokin zamantakewa manufofin.
• tsara da tattalin arziki matakai a kasar.
• daukan bangare a cikin redistribution na GDP da kuma na kasa samun kudin shiga.
• iko da kwarara daga kudi.

Kamar yadda zamu iya gani, da ayyuka a cikin wannan kudi da makami ne fiye da isa, don haka gwamnatin sosai dace don ta samuwar da structuring, kamar yadda muka ci gaba da magana.

Ta yaya ne kasafin kudin

Dukanmu mun san cewa tarayya kasafin kudin - shi ba ne kawai da kudi wadata, shi ne mai babbar hadaddun inji, da kuma kowane daga cikin mu mamaki, abin da ka'idojin shiryar da jami'an bayan m.

Matsayin mai mulkin, ya yarda da su da baitul a hudu saurarenta, da ya hada da wadannan sa na hanyoyin:

1. Bisa ga statistics na key masana'antu ne kiyasta TOTALS for baya rahoto lokaci.
2. Bugu da ari kimanta nan da nan yiwuwa na bunƙasa tattalin arziki da ke jihar.
3. Alama da babban maki mai zuwa haraji da kasafin kudin da manufofin.
4. kimanta karfafa kasafin kudin da karfafa kudi balance a kan tushen ci gaban da tsare-tsaren da key yankunan.
5. Bugu da ari kimanta tarayya shirye-shirye domin dalilai daban-daban - dõgara, zuba jari da kuma tsaro.
6. Shan la'akari kasa da kasa yanayi na yarjejeniya tare da wani kudi da wajibai.
7. Ɗauke shi zuwa lissafi tarayya kasafin kudin ga sauran kudi.
8. Mun yi la'akari da mai zuwa shirin da nufin aiwatar da waje rance.
9. Bada shawarwari ga m matakin na indexation na zamantakewa biya.
10. Dakatar da dokoki, da kudade ba a bayar ga kasafin kudi siyasa domin na gaba shekara.

wajibi shirin

The daftarin tarayya kasafin kudin kamar yadda wani kudi da makami kuma yana da wasu zamantakewa alhakin da kansa mutane, don haka wasu m shirye-shirye har yanzu suna da wani wuri ya zama, amma kowanne daga cikinsu ne a hankali bari for yarda. A saboda wannan dalili akwai wani amince legislatively bayyana jerin ayyuka:

• Gwamnati na bayar da zuwa baratar da aikin daga fasaha da tattalin arziki da ra'ayi, domin jihar inji dole ne tabbatar da bukatar da kuɗaɗen wannan ko cewa hanya tare da baitul.
• m kimanta zamantakewa da kuma muhalli sakamakon da bullo da wani shiri na musamman.
• shiryar da yanzu dokokin, gwamnatin yanke shawarar a kan adadin kai tsaye kudi na wani takamaiman aikin.
• shirya wasu zama dole takardun.

Principles of samuwar tarayya kasafin kudin

Duk wani bayani da suka shafi samuwar kuma zubar da jihar baitul, kayyade wannan doka yi - Tarayya Law a kan Tarayya Budget. A fili ya bayyana algorithm na ayyuka a taron na halin da ake ciki shi ne musamman da muhimmanci a yau maras tabbas kasuwar Sin. Tun da zai zama sosai m da m bayan tallafi na da tsarin da baitul a halin yanzu shekara zuwa jefa kudi a kan zamantakewa amfanin a cikin ni'imar karfafa tsaron kasa.

Saboda haka, kowa da kowa, ko da daga qananan yanayi management na dukiyar jama'a ke kula da dokokin da karfi da kuma dogara ne a kan wadannan ka'idodin:

• duk kudin shiga tsabar kudi gudana suna kasu kungiyoyin da azuzuwan, dangane da tattalin arziki da kuma yankin predisposition - yana nufin cewa wasu daga cikin kudaden shiga na gida kasafin kudi da kuma zama a zubar da cikin gundumar, da kuma mataimakin versa.
• a gaira auku saboda da ya wuce kima halin kaka shortfall rufe, kuma ya fara daga tsarin bangaren na kayan aiki.

A general, da wuya a bayyana jihar taskar management inji a cikin 'yan sentences, amma mun ci gaba da kokarin magance wannan hadadden tsari.

A tsarin da gwamnatin tarayya kasafin kudin

Mun duk fahimta cewa wata babbar hadaddun tsabar kudi kwarara ba zai iya sarrafa hakan zartarwa hukumomi. A tarayya kasafin kudin - kwantantuwa tare da wani abu m size kudi ma'aikata, kuma akwai 'yan kowa Tsarin ta tsari a duniya:

• banki.
• gauraye.
• Baitul.

Da zarar aikata a Rasha ta banki tsarin da damar don yin rikodi da motsi kudi gudana a matakin biyan bashin da kuma kayyade ta Central Bank. Amma irin wannan tsarin ya ajizai saboda jinkiri a nuni, don haka shi aka yanke shawarar zuwa taskar management.

kasafin kudin gudanarwa

Bugu da kari ga ka'idojin da oda, da dokar tarayya a cikin tarayya kasafin kudin da shirya matakan gwamnatin data dukiya.

Saboda haka, mataki na farko shi ne Gaba Directorate of Tarayya baitul, wanda shi ne alhakin daidaita dukan halin yanzu samun kudin shiga da kuma kudi, kazalika da sanar da game da zartarwa reshe.

A na biyu matakin ne ma'aikatar baitul, kai tsaye subordinated zuwa gundumar hukumomi. The ayyukan da wannan ma'aikata ne ya sanar da hakan jikuna a samun kudin shiga da kuma oda na kashe kudi a kan karkararta.

The uku iko mataki hada da na gida birni da kuma gundumar taskar, wanda gudanar da wani lissafin kudi na motsi na kudin jama'a a cikin sanya yankin.

Ayyuka na Jamhuriyar baitul

All tarayya kasafin kudin ta wata hanya ana lissafin shugabannin Tsakiya baitul, wanda aka amince da dama da muhimmanci ayyuka da kuma ayyuka:

• da rarraba kudaden shiga kasafin kudin tsakanin bangarori daban-daban na gwamnati.
• records na biya na kowane irin, ciki har da haraji, a kan lissafi na kasa muhimmancin;
• aiwatar da refunds da offsets unnecessarily ko karyata canjawa wuri kudi tsakanin baitulmali na duk matakan.
• hira hari, shan la'akari daban-daban iri deferrals da exemptions.
• imposition na hani a wasu kudade.
• m saka idanu na jawabin zuwa tasiri management na jihar taskar.
• management dukkan kudi gudana a banki taskar takardar kudi.

kafofin samun kudin shiga

Wa ya samar da jihar taskar? Bari mu dauki wani look at cikin mahalarta a cikin wannan hadaddun da ci gaba da aiwatar:

1. Masu biyan haraji, - gudanar da wani m da tsanaki enumeration kari da albashi na gida kasafin kudi.
2. Babban Bankin a tare da tare kasuwanci - shirya kai tsaye da motsi na kudin jama'a a cikin asusun.
3. Tarayya baitul tare da tsarin raka'a - gudanar da records samu kudi.
4. Executive jikinsu, ciki har da jihar Inspectorate - ne shamaki tsakanin payers da baitul wajibai hukumar su dangantaka.

Saboda haka, zamu iya cewa yana da muhimmanci, kuma ba makawa a mahalarta a cikin wannan inji ne kasuwanci abokai da cewa suna da wasu wajibai zuwa kasar. Amma akwai kuma wadanda ba haraji kudaden shiga, wanda sun hada da tara, da sauran fenariti jawo wa kansu a cikin shakka daga dangantakar da jama'a hukumomi.

kudin kafofin

Kaya tarayya kasafin kudin - shi ne sakamakon shiri raka'a, waxanda suke da cikakken dogara a kan kudaden shiga gefen. A size wannan bangaren na jihar taskar kai tsaye na gwargwado ga zamantakewa da tattalin arziki da bukatun na biyu da yawan jama'a da kuma kasar baki daya. Hakika, wannan ba ya nufin cewa suna gaba daya gamsu, duk da haka, ɗauke shi zuwa lissafi a cikin shekara-shekara shiryawa. Suna rarraba bisa ga wadannan ka'idodin:

• reshe (kafa a kan bukatun daban-daban na sassa da kuma ma'aikatun).
• yankin (yanki na sa hannu na batutuwa na kasa, watau na yawan).
• aikin (halin kaka suna kiyaye daidai da bayyana manufa da shirye-shirye, ciki har da zamantakewa, muhalli, kimiyya da kuma wasu tambayoyi za a iya shafa).

Duk wani yanke shawara a kan jama'a ciyarwa da ake dauka kai tsaye zuwa cikin Jamhuriyar baitul da ma'aikatar kudi.

daidaita kasafin kuɗi

A tarayya kasafin kudin na Rasha Federation a 'yan shekarun nan ba fariya ta balance, wanda, bisa manufa, shi ne al'ada a duniya - a can ne ko da yaushe wani abu fiye da ko dai samun kudin shiga ko kudi.

Saboda haka, a cikin 90s na karshe karni akwai mãsu tsayin da kasafin kudi gaira, wanda ke nufin cewa bukatun zamantakewa da tattalin arziki tsari na jihar shi da yawa mafi girma fiye da da ya kwarara daga kudi daga masu biyan haraji.

Duk da haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan da halin da ake ciki ya canza daidai gaban, kuma a wannan lokacin akwai wani kwari ragi na kasa taskar.

Regulation na tarayya kasafin kudin

mafi muhimmanci aiki kafa ta gwamnati yanzu - ƙara da tattalin arziki yadda ya dace a kan bango na kasashen waje da manufofin, wanda ke nufin cewa na farko na dukkan shirya tsarin da jama'a kudi albarkatun. Daban-daban iri kafofin watsa labarun management ka'idojin shirya Tarayya Law a kan Tarayya Budget.

Amma mu duk fahimta cewa yana da wuya a hango ko hasashen wani abu a irin wannan m kasuwar dangantakar, wanda ne sun fi mayar dogara a kan dangantakar kasa da kasa. Saboda haka, a kan bango na kwanan nan events na musamman karfafawa asusu, nufin tallafa ci gaban tattalin arziki ta hanyar kasafin kudi surpluses da aka halitta.